岩沥青与SBS复合改性高黏沥青的配比研究

以中海A H-70#基质沥青为基本原料,采用中东天然岩沥青与SBS改性剂复合改性制备高黏沥青.通过均匀设计的方法设计岩沥青与SBS改性剂的复配材料组成,并采用针入度试验、延度试验、软化点试验、60℃动力黏度试验、布氏黏度试验以及DSR试验对复合改性高黏沥青的性能进行测试.结果表明:针入度和延度受岩沥青掺比的控制影响较大;而软化点受SBS改性剂掺比的控制影响较大;复合掺量与60℃动力黏度、布氏黏度以及抗车辙因子均成正相关关系.基于试验分析,采用SPSS软件建立回归模型,运用MATLAB软件计算分析得到天然岩沥青与SBS改性剂的最佳复合掺配比例分别为:5.4％和6.4％.     

胶粉/高黏剂复合改性SBS沥青的性能与改性机理

通过添加胶粉和高黏剂对SBS改性沥青进行复合改性。采用基本物理指标研究高黏改性沥青的制备工艺;采用软化点差值法评价高黏改性沥青的热储存稳定性;采用动态剪切流变试验(DSR)研究高黏改性沥青的高温流变性能和中温抗疲劳性能;借助傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)对高黏改性沥青的改性机理进行分析。基本物理试验结果表明:胶粉有助于提高改性沥青的高温性能,但对其低温性能有不利影响,高黏剂能够大幅度提高改性沥青的黏度,最佳的胶粉掺量和三种高黏剂的掺量分别为:10%、8%、7%、8%。离析试验结果表明:三种高黏改性沥青的热储存稳定性满足规范要求。DSR试验结果表明:胶粉和高黏剂有助于提高成品SBS沥青的高温性能和感温性能;短期老化后,其高温性能提高,但对感温性能产生不利影响;胶粉和高黏剂的掺入提高了沥青的中温抗疲劳性能。FTIR结果表明:胶粉和高黏剂与SBS沥青之间既存在物理共混,也有化学反应的发生。DSC结果表明:通过高黏复合改性后,沥青的高温稳定性得到有效提高。     

橡胶粉改性沥青及其性能研究

在不同橡胶粉细度、掺量及制备工艺的条件下,测试针入度、软化点和延度指标,研究了胶粉细度、掺量、搅拌时间和温度对沥青性能的影响;并验证了SMA—13橡胶改性沥青混合料的路用性能。研究表明:相同掺量下,60目胶粉改性沥青的性能优于40目改性沥青;搅拌温度200℃时,60目胶粉裂解过度;橡胶沥青的针入度、软化点和延度随搅拌时间延长而规律性变化。     

DBDPE复合阻燃剂对SBS沥青性能的影响

为了研究十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)复合阻燃剂对SBS改性沥青性能的影响,采用极限氧指数试验、烟密度试验、针入度试验、延度试验、软化点试验、动态剪切流变试验和弯曲梁流变试验等方法,分析不同阻燃剂掺量下SBS改性沥青阻燃抑烟性能、物理性能和流变性能。研究结果表明:DBDPE复合阻燃剂对SBS改性沥青性能具有显著影响,其阻燃抑烟性能显著提高;随着DBDPE复合阻燃剂掺量的增大,SBS改性阻燃沥青极限氧指数逐渐提高,其烟密度等级逐渐降低,当阻燃剂掺量(质量分数,下同)大于8%时,其极限氧指数大于24%且烟密度等级降幅较小,阻燃抑烟性能提升有限,SBS改性阻燃沥青针入度和延度逐渐降低,软化点逐渐提高,当阻燃剂掺量小于12%时其延度大于20 cm,当阻燃剂掺量大于12%时其软化点提高的幅度较小;DBDPE复合阻燃沥青高温抗变形能力显著提高,随着阻燃剂掺量的增大,SBS改性阻燃沥青抗车辙因子、蠕变恢复率逐渐增大,但当阻燃剂掺量大于8%时其提高的幅度较小;DBDPE复合阻燃沥青低温抗裂性能逐渐降低,随着阻燃剂掺量的增大,SBS改性阻燃沥青的低温蠕变劲度模量逐渐提高,低温蠕变速率逐渐降低,但当阻燃剂掺量大于12%时二者变幅较小。综合考虑BDDPE复合阻燃剂对SBS改性沥青阻燃性能、抑烟性能及高低温流变性能的影响可知,当其掺量为8%～12%时的技术性能较好。     

老化SBS改性沥青再生性能预估分析

为了对老化SBS改性沥青再生后的性能进行预估,建立了老化SBS改性沥青再生性能的复合律方程模型;采用基质沥青、改性沥青和再生剂对老化SBS改性沥青进行了再生恢复,测定不同掺配率下再生SBS改性沥青的黏度、针入度、软化点和延度,对复合律方程进行求解得到黏度偏离指数;对不同再生方式再生后的老化SBS改性沥青的性能进行了对比分析.研究结果表明:利用再生性能复合律方程能够较好地预估老化SBS改性沥青的再生性能;基质沥青和再生剂对老化SBS改性沥青的黏度、软化点和针入度具有更好的再生效果,而改性沥青对延度有更好的再生效果.     

废胶粉热处理对改性道路沥青性能的影响

采用热处理废胶粉的方法,研究废胶粉热处理对改性道路沥青性能的影响.实验结果表明:200℃条件下热烘废胶粉20min,改性沥青的软化点为47.9℃,针入度为81.90mm,5℃下的延度为12.60cm;200℃条件下热压废胶粉20min,改性沥青的软化点为53.0℃,针入度为77.4mm,5℃下的延度为6.60cm.热烘法处理废胶粉制得的改性沥青效果较好,改性沥青的针入度变小,延度增加,软化点虽然下降,但仍比较接近50℃;热压法处理废胶粉改性效果不理想.胶粉热处理能够在一定程度上改善沥青的性能.     

低温敏性高黏弹沥青冲击隔离防护材料研制及其黏弹性研究

通过分析改性剂和增塑剂在沥青改性中的作用机理,确定了采用高掺量线型SBS、高掺量芳烃油和氧化剂复配改性沥青的技术路线和高温高速剪切共混的改性工艺,制备了低温敏性高黏弹沥青冲击隔离防护材料,系统测试了高黏弹沥青不同时温条件下的微观结构和剪切模量等.研究表明：研制的高黏弹沥青在充分溶胀、交联后,沥青与改性剂形成了相与相互穿的半互穿网络结构,与10%线型SBS改性沥青相比,其动态剪切模量和温敏性大幅度降低;与针入度温敏性表征方法相比,采用动态剪切模量温敏性表征方法更能准确反映沥青材料的温敏性.     

全透式沥青路面专用高黏度改性沥青性能对比

为了制备一种全透式沥青路面专用高黏度改性沥青,采用自制改性粒子(SR)与SBS粒子为复配改性剂,对基质沥青进行复合改性。通过荧光显微照相、针入度试验、延度试验、软化点试验、薄膜老化试验、动力黏度试验及布氏黏度试验等,对自制高黏度改性沥青性能进行表征,并与SK90#基质沥青、橡胶沥青、SBS改性沥青进行性能对比。结果表明:各改性材料在基质沥青中分散良好,自制高黏度改性沥青中的SR粒子作为高弹嵌挤单元提高了沥青交联网状结构的稳定性;与基质沥青相比,改性沥青具有较高的软化点和延度,以及较低的针入度(25℃);自制高黏度改性沥青的动力黏度高达230kPa·s,明显高于橡胶沥青和SBS改性沥青;动态剪切流变试验(DSR))中自制高黏度改性沥青高温分级达到PG82℃,较SBS改性沥青和橡胶沥青提高1个等级,较基质沥青提高4个等级,高温变形可恢复性能最强;4种沥青的原样和薄膜老化后沥青中以自制高黏度改性沥青的车辙因子随温度变化最为缓慢,高温敏感性最弱,耐老化性能优异;弯曲梁流变试验(BBR)中,SBS改性沥青和自制高黏度改性沥青的低温分级均达到PG-18℃,较基质沥青和橡胶沥青高1个等级,但自制高黏度改性沥青的蠕变劲度较小,蠕变速率较大,具有更强的低温柔性。     

利用印尼布敦岩沥青制备改性沥青

目的研究配料比、表面活性剂及反应时间、温度等因素对油分回收率的影响;测试改性沥青的结构,针入度、软化点及延度;分析SBS改性沥青、硅藻土改性沥青结构.方法以减压渣油作溶剂,提取印尼布敦岩沥青中油分;用提取的岩沥青油分制备改性沥青,通过红外光谱图、扫描电镜照片分析其结构.结果当布敦岩沥青与减压渣油的配料质量比为1∶1.5,表面活性剂w=0.5%,反应时间2 h,反应温度140℃时,油分回收率可高达90.1%;随改性剂SBS掺量的增大,改性沥青的针入度降低,软化点升高,延度有所改善;随硅藻土掺量的增大,改性沥青针入度大大降低,软化点升高,延度降低.当SBS掺量为1%~2%时,SBS改性沥青各项性能得到明显改善;当硅藻土掺量为12%~15%时,试验结果最佳.结论利用减压渣油提取布敦岩沥青中的油分,经过滤得到的渣油与油分的混合物,无需再做分离处理,即可进行改性实验.与常规方法相比,不仅提高了回收率,而且降低了生产成本;利用布敦岩沥青油分制备改性沥青,不但拓展了改性沥青的研制方法,而且提高了布敦岩沥青的使用价值..     

废胶粉/APAO复合改性沥青性能

为了研究废胶粉(WTR)与非晶态α-烯烃共聚物(APAO)对沥青复合改性的效果以及其最优加工工艺。首先采用高速剪切法制备多组不同掺量的WTR/APAO复合改性沥青;然后测定WTR/APAO复合改性沥青的针入度、软化点、黏度、弹性恢复,同时进行了存储稳定性分析与荧光显微镜微观检测;最后通过正交试验确定WTR/APAO复合改性沥青最优加工工艺。研究结果表明:WTR与APAO的掺量(质量分数,下同)分别为15%与4%时,WTR/APAO复合改性沥青的针入度比基质沥青降低了36.8mm,软化点增加了22.9℃,弹性恢复增加了67%,黏度(180℃)增加81%,且其各项指标均满足橡胶沥青评价指标要求;加入适量的WTR与APAO后基质沥青的高温性能和可恢复变形能力得到明显提高,WTR/APAO复合改性沥青具有较好的改性效果;与WTR单独改性相比,加入APAO能使针入度进一步减小,软化点、黏度与弹性恢复进一步增加,APAO的加入能进一步提升WTR的改性效果;加入4%的APAO后,WTR/APAO复合改性沥青比仅掺入15%的WTR改性沥青的软化点降低了3.3℃,APAO的加入能显著提高废胶粉改性沥青的存储稳定性,弥补了废胶粉改性沥青的不足;APAO不仅增进了WTR的分散程度,而且改善了WTR与沥青相的相容性。WTR/APAO复合改性沥青最优加工工艺基本参数为:先加入WTR,后加入APAO,控制剪切温度190℃,剪切时间90min,剪切速度5 000r/min。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.