1990年以来福建省经济空间结构演化分析

研究区域经济差异是制定区域发展政策的重要依据,而区域经济空间结构是区域经济差异在空间的重要反映.以人均GDP作为测度区域空间结构演化特征的变量指标,从区域经济空间集聚度、区域经济发展水平时空格局和经济增长空间格局3个方面来分析福建省经济空间结构演化趋势,得出其经济空间集聚十分明显,且总体呈逐步扩大趋势;其经济发展空间结构已形成"核心-边缘"空间模式;最后通过对县域单元增长类型的划分简要分析了福建省经济增长空间格局的演化.     

2000年以来我国人口和城镇化空间分布变化

采用2000年第五次和2010年第六次全国人口普查分县数据,以全国区县为基本分析单元,从人口密度、人口流动性和城镇化等角度分析了2000年以来我国人口和城镇化的空间分布变化.研究认为我国人口空间分布具有格局相对稳定和分布极不均衡等特征,人口净迁入呈现"中部低、四周高"的鲜明特色,人口迁移已成为影响区域人口增长的主要动力.我国已经进入快速城市化轨道,但受新农村建设的快速发展、区域间工资差异的缩小和经济增速放缓等因素的影响,未来中国城镇化增速将会减缓,这种趋势在外来劳动力依赖性较强的沿海地区已有所体现.在全国3大城市群中,珠三角仍具有最强的人口集聚能力,而人口密度、人口流动性和城镇化等空间集聚结构上珠三角呈典型的核心-边缘模式,长三角和京津唐地区则呈典型的多核心模式.     

1952-2003年我国区域经济极化趋势及其方向

以实际人均GDP为主要指标,利用多种方法,分别考察了1952-2003年我国区域经济极化及其空间方向．结果显示：1952-2003年我国区域经济极化趋势随时间推移呈交替上升与下降运动,1978-2003年极化趋势明显加强,但在1995-2003年这一趋势有所趋缓;1952-2003年我国区域经济极化主要沿东-西空间方向和低-高城镇化空间方向上进行,这说明了我国区域经济发展不均衡在东-西和城乡空间方向上存在明显的极化特征。．     

湖南省县域森林生态安全评价与时空分析

【目的】评价湖南省县域森林生态系统的安全程度,为生态保护政策制定提供依据。【方法】以湖南省122个区县为样本,运用模糊物元法和空间相关分析,并采用ArcGIS软件和GeoDA软件评价湖南省2000年、2005年、2010年和2015年的森林生态安全。【结果】从空间分布来看,森林生态安全等级最高区域一般分布在湖南省西北部和东南部,而最差区域一般分布在湖南省北部洞庭湖平原一带; 从总体趋势来看,湖南省森林生态安全形势不容乐观,原因在于能源消耗量居高不下; 从时间变化来看,湖南省97.54%的县域森林生态安全指数都呈现比较明显的下降趋势; 从空间相关性来看,湖南省各区县森林生态安全指数呈现比较显著的集聚性,森林ESI(生态安全指数)的高值区县被周围高值区县包围(high-high)的集聚区县一般分布在湖南省南部和东部,而低值区县被低值区县包围(low-low)的集聚区县一般分布在湖南省北部。【结论】针对以上的空间分布结构,各地政府可以采取相应政策:在high-high集聚区县严格限制高污染、高能耗的产业发展; 在low-low集聚区县应加强森林植被的恢复工作; 在低值区县被高值区县包围(low-high)的集聚区域应积极开展森林保护和自然保护区的建设等工作; 在高值区县被低值区县包围(high-low)的集聚区县可因地制宜发展林木产品加工业。     

黄淮海地区碳排放与经济增长时空耦合关系

碳排放是全球气候变化研究的重要内容，科学厘清碳排放与经济增长的时空耦合关系对促进区域生态文明建设和经济高质量发展具有重要意义.以黄淮海地区为例，运用空间自相关分析、热点探测、耦合协调模型等方法分析2000-2020年黄淮海地区碳排放与经济增长时空耦合关系.研究结果表明：(1)2000-2020年黄淮海地区碳排放量与经济增长总体上呈现持续增长态势，2000-2010年碳排放与经济增长的速率高于2010-2020年.(2)2000-2020年黄淮海地区碳排放与经济增长呈现显著的空间集聚特征.碳排放热点区主要集中于北京市、天津市、河北省、山东省境内，范围不断收缩，冷点区主要分布于河北省南部；经济增长高值集聚区主要分布于北京西南部、天津沿海、河北东北部及河南省内，低值区主要分布于河北省、河南省、山东省、安徽省内.(3)2000-2020年黄淮海地区碳排放与经济增长整体处于勉强协调等级，耦合协调度时空差异显著，总体呈现东高西低、北高南低的空间格局.良好与基本协调区主要分布于京津冀地区，轻度与严重失调区趋于山区、省域边缘区分布态势，零散分布于山东、河北、河南、安徽省内.     

三峡库区植被覆盖时空变化特征及归因分析

采用趋势分析探讨了三峡库区植被NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)时空变化格局及与海拔的关系；通过Mann-Kendall检验对NDVI变化的突变点进行了识别；通过相关分析明确了区域NDVI与气候、人文因素间的关联性和驱动分区.结果表明：(1)2000～2019年区域NDVI均值呈波动上升趋势，空间分布异质性明显，且随海拔上升呈先增加后略微降低的趋势；(2)2000～2008年NDVI增加趋势较明显，2009年以后放缓；(3)以气候为主要影响因素的区域仅占研究区面积的8.9%,人类活动是区域NDVI变化的重要因素.其中，退耕还林等生态工程具有正向作用，城镇化对经济发展起着负向作用，亟需采取相应措施以实现区域经济-生态系统良性互动.     

我国高校高水平足球队的时空分布特征分析

基于地理空间,通过GIS空间分析及地统计等方法,对我国高校高水平足球队在不同时期中的分布特征和动态变化进行了研究。结果表明:(1)2018年我国共154所高校招收高水平足球队,其总体空间分布呈局部聚集特征,形成4个以北京、上海、西安和长沙为核心的高密度区;但高水平足球队在不同尺度上的分布类型不尽相同,其中在区域和省级尺度为离散分布,市级和高校尺度则为集聚分布;(2)2005年-2018年间,我国高校高水平足球队的数量呈逐渐增长趋势,高丰度区域由高校资源丰富的北京、上海、江苏等逐步扩大到陕西、山东、湖北及东部沿海一带,且空间分布的聚集程度也呈逐渐增长态势;(3)我国高校高水平足球队空间分布表现为正的空间自相关性,呈"高-高"和"低-低"的集聚特征,"高-高"集聚地区稳定在北京、上海等地,"低-低"集聚分散在西部和西南地区,且空间依赖程度随时间呈逐渐增强的趋势。     

2000年～2011年山西省入境游客时空分布及其变化研究

本文依据2000年～2011年山西省入境旅游的相关数据,从时间和空间两个角度对山西省入境游客的年际变化、时间分布、空间集聚性和空间格局演变进行分析.结果表明:山西省2000年～2011年大部分地级市入境游客到访率的年际变化较大,入境游客数量随时间变化较大;入境游客空间分布由2000年的集中趋于分散、均匀,地级市之间相对差异有缩小的趋势.这主要是受地级市经济发展水平、旅游资源及高级别景点数量、空间距离及区位条件等因素的影响.     

嘉陵江流域人口分布的时空演变特征分析

用不均衡指数、集中指数以及地统计的方法,探讨1990—2014年嘉陵江流域人口密度空间分布规律及变化趋势.结果表明,嘉陵江流域人口空间分布整体变化不大,呈现圈层式结构和轴向延伸特征,整个流域形成双中心格局且有进一步加强的趋势,上游流域与中游流域交界处存在人口密度分布塌陷区;嘉陵江流域人口密度整体呈增加态势但局部区域变化明显,研究期间经历了"分散—集中—分散"的动态变化过程;流域人口密度空间分布局部区域变化较快;如无外力干涉,流域冷点区域和热点区域将有进一步集聚的趋势,下游人口密度空间分布未来将以重庆沙坪坝区等为中心向其西北和东北方向扩展,中游人口密度热点区逐步形成.应因地制宜制定流域人口发展政策,重视塌陷区人口引导,推动嘉陵江流域更好发展.     

福建县域人口与经济空间分布关系及变化

基于福建省各县(市、区)2005年和2014年的人口和GDP数据,运用地理集中度指数、不一致性指数和探索性空间数据分析等方法,对福建省人口与经济的空间分布及变化进行分析。结果表明:福建人口与经济的空间分布整体上均呈东南高西北低的地理格局,并有围绕沿海中心城市集聚的趋势;县域人口与经济分布关系空间分异明显,总体上不断趋向于协调,表现为人口分布与经济发展不一致的县域逐渐向人口经济协调发展型转变;从人口与经济的动态关联上看,Moran’s I由2005年的0.422降为2014年0.374,表明不一致性指数较高(较低)县域在空间上集聚程度减弱,但人口与经济不一致性仍存在显著的正相关关系,并以"高-高"型集聚区域分布为主。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.