GaI_2(X~2A_1)分子的结构与势能函数

应用密度泛函理论B3P86和B3LYP,利用多种基组对GaI2分子的基态平衡结构进行优化,并用优选出的密度泛函B3P86/3-21G方法对该分子的离解能、谐振频率和力常数进行了计算.结果发现GaI2(X2A1)分子的基态稳定构型为C2V,其平衡核间距Re=0.26225 nm、∠IGaI=122.8135°,离解能为1.5303 eV,谐振频率为ω1(a1)=54.7691 cm-1、ω2(a1)=179.4269 cm-1、ω3(b2)=248.9129 cm-1,力常数为fR1R1=0.08995 a.u.,fR1R2=0.01238 a.u.,fR1α=-0.01335 a.u.,fαα=0.01362 a.u..在推断出GaI2的离解极限基础上,应用多体展式理论方法,推导出基态GaI2分子的分析势能函数,该势能表面准确地再现了分子GaI2(X2A1)的结构特征和能量变化.分析讨论势能面的静态特征时得到:GaI+I→GaI2反应中存在鞍点,活化能为144.728 kJ/mol.     

BCl分子激发态A~1Π、a~3Π_1的势能函数与垂直激发能

为了弄清BCl在金属蚀刻中的机理,了解BCl分子激发态势能函数和稳定性的基本信息是必要的.运用群论及原子分子反应静力学方法,推导出了BCl分子低激发态A1Π、a3Π1的电子态及相应的离解极限;使用SAC/SAC—CI方法,6-311 g(d)**基组对BCl分子低激发态A1Π、a3Π1的平衡结构和谐振频率进行了几何优化计算,并对BCl分子低激发态A1Π、a3Π1进行了单点能扫描计算,用正规方程组拟合Murrell—Sorbie函数,得到相应电子态的势能函数解析式,利用得到的势能函数计算了相对应的力常数(f2、f3、f4)和光谱数据(Be、αe、ωe、ωeχe),数据值分别为:基态BCI(X1Σ )的Re=0.1867 nm,De=1.4855 eV,Be=0.6228 cm-1,αe=0.0060 cm-1,ωe=810.2001 cm-1,ωeχe=4.981 cm-1;激发态BCI(a3Π1)的Re=0.1726 cm,De=6.1151 eV,Be=0.6843 cm-1,αe=0.0039 cm-1,ωe=897.8493 cm-1,ωeχe=5.2800 cm-1;激发态BCI(A1Π)的Re=0.1722 nm,De=7.1515 eV,Be=0.6799cm-1,αe=0.0085 cm-1,ωe=784.5359 cm-1,ωeχe=12.88 cm-1.结果与文献数据相符合;在基态的平衡位置处,计算了从基态到A1Π、a3Π1态的垂直激发能,其值分别为7.6291 eV,10.1023 eV.     

NiH_2(~3Δ_g)基态的全空间解析势能函数

应用群论及原子分子反应静力学方法推导了NiH2 的电子态及其离解极限 ,在MP2 / 6 311G 水平上 ,优化出NiH2 ( X 3Δg)分子稳定构型为D∞h,其平衡核间距Re=0 .15 73nm ,∠HNiH =180° ,同时计算出振动频率 :对称伸缩振动频率υ1=2 0 0 0cm-1,弯曲振动频率υ2 =72 1cm-1和反对称伸缩振动频率υ3=1875cm-1.在此基础上 ,使用多体项展式理论方法 ,导出了基态NiH2 分子的全空间解析势能函数 ,该势能函数准确地再现了NiH2 (D∞h)平衡结构     

基态HInx(X=0,+1)分子离子的势能函数与稳定性

用原子分子反应静力学原理推导出了Hinx(x=0、+1)分子离子的基态电子状态及其离解极限.在LANL2DZ水平基础上,用B3LYP方法计算了Hinx(x=0、+1)分子离子的基态电子状态的平衡几何Re和离解能De分别为Hin0.185 9 nm、2.789 6 eV;Hin+0.177 9 nm、2.789 2 eV,并在计算出来的一系列单点势能基础上,用正规方程组拟合Murrell-Sorbie(M-S)势能函数,得到相应态的解析势能函数,由此计算对应的光谱参数(Be、αe、ωe、ωeχe),计算结果分别为Hin4.919 3 cm-1、0.102 9 cm-1、1 390.657 8 cm-1和22.318 0 cm-1; Hin+5.013 1 cm-1、0.210 1 cm-1、158 606 328 cm-1和2 504 520 cm-1,计算值与实验和文献值基本一致,计算表明Hinx(x=0、+1)分子离子是可稳定存在的,其稳定性次序为Hin＞Hin+.     

HOCl分子基态(X1A)的分析势能函数

应用群论及原子分子反应静力学方法推导了HOCl分子的电子态及其离解极限,采用B3P86方法,在CC-PVTZ水平上,优化出HOCl基态分子稳定构型为单重态的Cs构型,其平衡核间距RH-O=0.0965nm、RCl-O=0.1692nm、 HOCl＝102.9°,能量为-536.5061 a.u..同时计算出基态的简正振动频率:对称伸缩振动频率 (A )=769.6cm-1,弯曲振动频率 (A )=1273.3 cm-1和反对称伸缩振动频率 (A )= 3805.8cm-1.在此基础上,使用多体项展式理论方法,导出了基态HOCl分子的全空间解析势能函数,该势能函数准确再现了HOCl (Cs)平衡结构.     

OCS分子基态(X3A'''')的势能函数

应用群论及原子分子反应静力学方法推导了OCS分子的电子态及其离解极限,采用B3P86方法,在CC-PVTZ水平上,优化出OCS基态分子稳定构型为三重态的Cs构型,其平衡核间距RC-S=0.1768nm、RC-O=0.1179nm、∠OCS=122.9,°能量为-512.0405 a.u.。同时计算出基态的简正振动频率:对称伸缩振动频率ν(A′)=354.5cm-1,弯曲振动频率ν(A′)=633.5cm-1和反对称伸缩振动频率ν(A′)=1792.8cm-1。在此基础上,使用多体项展式理论方法,导出了基态OCS分子的全空间解析势能函数,该势能函数准确再现了OCS(Cs)平衡结构。     

AlI,AlI_2分子的结构与从头计算

应用密度泛函B3P86方法,采用DGDZVP基组对AlI(X1∑+)进行了理论计算,得到它的微观几何结构,力学性质和光谱性质,结果表明AlI的平衡核间距为0.258 56 nm,基态离解能为4.006 eV,谐振频率为308.361 7 cm-1,并得到它的Murrell-Sorbie势能函数.应用密度泛函B3P86/3-21G,优化出AlI2(X2A1)分子稳定构型为C2v,其平衡核间距Re=0.258 88 nm,∠IAlI=122.432 5°、离解能为5.278 4 eV,同时计算出了力常数及谐振频率.在推断出AlI2的离解极限此基础上,应用多体展式理论方法,导出了AlI2基态分子的解析势能函数,该势能面准确地再现了AlI2(X2A1)分子的结构特征和能量变化.     

PuH2基态分子体系的分析势能函数与反应动力学

在Pu原子的相对论有效原子实势近似下,用密度泛函B3LYP方法计算得到PuH2分子基态(X7A1)的平衡结构为R(PuH)=0.2169 nm,∠HPuH=160.34°,离解能为3.0045 eV,谐振频率为293.4140,1209.2715和1262.2149 cm-1.用多体展式理论得到PuH2基态分子的分析势能函数,根据该分析势能函数,用准经典方法研究Pu(7Fg)+H2(X1∑+g,v=J=0)的分子反应动力学,结果表明Pu(7Fg)与H2(X1∑g+,0,0)碰撞是弹性碰撞.     

HOC1分子基态（X^1A′）的分析势能函数

应用群论及原子分子反应静力学方法推导了HOC1分子的电子态及其离解极限,采用B3P86方法,在CC-PVTZ水平上,优化出HOC1基态分子稳定构型为单重态的Cs构型,其平衡核间距RH-O=0．0965nm、RCI-O=0．1692nm、∠HOC1=102．9°,能量为．536．5061a．u．．同时计算出基态的简正振动频率：对称伸缩振动频率V（A）=769．6cm^-1,弯曲振动频率V（A′）=1273．3cm^-1和反对称伸缩振动频率V（A′）=3805．8cm^-1．在此基础上,使用多体项展式理论方法,导出了基态HOC1分子的全空间解析势能函数,该势能函数准确再现了HOC1（Cs）平衡结构．     

FO分子基态势能函数的研究

以cc-pVTZ为基组,采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法对FO分子基态的结构进行了优化,得出了分子基态的平衡结构.进行了单点能扫描计算,在此基础上采用Murrell-Sorbie势能函数进行了拟合,得到了FO分子势能函数的解析表达式,并导出了分子的力常数和光谱数据.结果表明:分子的基电子态为X2Π,核间距Re为0.13503nm,离解能De为2.4065eV,谐振频率ωe为1130.863cm-1和转动常数Be为1.046cm-1,计算结果与实验数据符合较好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the