微流体反应器制备金纳米粒子的研究

利用全聚合物微流体反应器,在紫外光照射下制备了金纳米粒子。采用紫外-可见吸收光谱、激光粒度分析仪、高分辨透射电镜等对柠檬酸钠-氯金酸微流体光化学反应体系进行了表征,并考察了注射泵的流速、柠檬酸钠与氯金酸的浓度比、紫外辐射强度对金纳米粒子产率和粒径大小的影响。结果表明,得到的金纳米粒子最小粒径约20nm;金纳米粒子的产率随注射泵流速的增大而上升,但是随柠檬酸钠与氯金酸浓度比的增大和紫外辐射强度的增强而减弱;金纳米粒子的粒径随注射泵流速的增大和紫外辐射强度的增强而减小,但是在柠檬酸钠与氯金酸浓度比小于16时,粒径变化不大,当柠檬酸钠与氯金酸浓度比大于16时,粒径迅速增大。     

连续流泡沫分离法去除水中的Cr(Ⅵ)

采用连续式泡沫分离法处理废水中的Cr（Ⅵ），考察了pH值、阳离子表面活性剂质量浓度、气量、回流量、进水流量、液位高度等因素对Cr（Ⅵ）去除率的影响规律．分析发现最佳的操作条件是pH值为4．00、气量为0．10m^3／h、回流量15．0L／h、进水1．0L／h、表面活性剂质量浓度为300．0mg／L、液位高为105．0cm,此时去除率88．5％．实验结果表明，连续式泡沫分离技术处理水中的Cr（Ⅵ）效果比较稳定．     

罗丹明B荧光光谱机理的研究

考察了罗丹明B浓度、溶剂的极性、pH值大小、表面活性剂的增敏等因素对罗丹明B的荧光光谱影响，探讨了以上各因素影响罗丹明B的荧光光谱的机理．结果表明，随着罗丹明B浓度的增加，荧光光谱波长红移，强度先增后减；溶剂极性增加，波长红移，荧光强度则由于溶剂特殊效应的影响而减小；pH=1．0～3．0时，荧光强度随pH的增加而增大，pH＞3．0时，荧光强度几乎无变化；阳离子表面活性剂对体系的荧光强度具有增敏作用，阴离子表面活性剂则相反．     

反相微乳法制备纳米TiO2粒子及w和反应物浓度对粒径的影响

在Triton X-100／正己醇／环己烷／水体系中以钛酸正丁酯为原料,制备了粒径小,分散均匀的TiO2纳米粒子,研究了水与表面活性剂的摩尔比W(W=[H2O]／[表面活性剂])以及钛酸正丁酯浓度对粒径的影响．结果表明粒子平均粒径(D)与w存在明显的线性相关,可表示为：D=5．60 2．40w．而钛酸正丁酯浓度的影响较复杂,随着浓度从0．120mol／kg增加到0．246mol／kg,粒子粒径先减小,然后增大．此外,还采用激光粒度散射的方法表征了反相微乳体系水核的大小及分布,水核直径在5．5～8．8nm．     

液相还原法制备Pt胶体粒子

分别使用强还原剂硼氢化钠(NaBH4)和弱还原剂乙二醇,通过液相中还原氯铂酸(H2PtCl6)制备Pt胶体粒子,并考察了保护剂聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)对Pt胶体粒子形态的影响.制备中利用紫外可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱对还原过程进行监测.NaBH4在室温下即可还原PtCl62-为Pt0,而乙二醇作还原剂时,在110℃才开始发生还原.透射电镜(TEM)观察表明,NaBH4为还原剂时,随着PVP加入量的增加,Pt胶体粒径从2.6 nm减小到2.1 nm.乙二醇为还原剂时,加入PVP后制备的Pt胶体粒径为3.1 nm,未加PVP制备的Pt胶体粒径为3.7 nm.保护剂PVP对于Pt胶体粒子尺寸增长有一定的抑制作用.和NaBH4相比,乙二醇作还原剂时制备的Pt胶体粒子尺寸较大,并且呈规则的球形.     

无溶剂催化合成三硅氧烷聚醚改性物及其表征与性能

以烯丙醇聚醚与七甲基三硅氧烷为原料，用氯铂酸作催化剂，成功合成三硅氧烷聚醚改性表面活性剂．用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征，并测试其表面活性与流变性能．结果表明，三硅氧烷聚醚改性物的CMC（临界胶束浓度）为84．0mg／L，此时表面张力为20．9mN／m．     

PVP-2Ru／1Pt双金属胶体催化氢化氯代硝基苯

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）为保护剂,乙醇为还原剂,乙醇-水为溶剂制备了PVP-2Ru／1Pt双金属胶体．以PVP-2Ru／1Pt催化间氯硝基苯（m-CNB）和对氯硝基苯（p-CNB）的催化氢化反应．考察了底物浓度、催化剂浓度和反应温度等因素的影响．当反应温度为30℃,氢气压力为0．1MPa时,反应速率分别可达0．0545（m-CNB）和0．0542（p-CNB）s^-1,转化率均可达到100％,间氯苯胺和对氯苯胺的选择性分别可达99．3％和〉99．9％．     

二级散射光谱法研究纳米铂胶体与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

以柠檬酸钠直接还原氯铂酸制备出了平均粒径为1．3am的纳米铂微粒．在水溶液中，纳米铂粒子具有一个较弱的二级散射光谱，在牛血清白蛋白（BSA）存在下，其二级散射光谱大大增强并产生相应的散射光谱，最大波长位置位于516am．据此建立了一种灵敏快速简洁的测定蛋白质的分析方法．在酸性条件下，BSA在0～2．4mg／L范围内与散射峰强度的变化△I成正比，检测限为3．8μg／L．     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠对抗菌陶瓷釉料分散稳定性的影响

研究抗菌釉料（石灰石、长石、石英、高岭土及抗菌剂-纳米TiO2）对表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）的吸附性能，利用吸附等温线分析其吸附行为。采用分光光度法在500nm处测定抗菌釉浆的吸光度，并结合釉浆中微粒的Zeta电位，考察釉浆稳定性与pH值、NaCl浓度和表面活性剂浓度之间的关系。结合扫描电镜照片观察釉浆沉积物形貌，并分析SDBS在抗菌釉料中的吸附机理。研究结果表明：影响吸附SDBS釉浆体系Zeta电位的主要因素是pH值；当吸附SDBS的釉浆在pH=7，NaCl浓度为10mmol／L时达到最佳分散稳定效果。     

SiO_2包覆FePt磁性纳米颗粒的制备和其磁性能

分别以乙酰丙酮铁(Fe(acac)3)和氯铂酸(H2PtCl6.6H2O)作为Fe源和Pt源,硼氢化钠(NaBH4)作为还原剂,通过化学还原法制备FePt纳米粒子.配制出OP-10/正丁醇/环己烷/浓氨水/的反相微乳液.采用反相微乳液法实现SiO2对FePt纳米粒子的硅层包覆.运用X射线衍射仪(XRD),透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对FePt@SiO2复合纳米粒子进行表征.结果表明:SiO2成功包覆在FePt表面,且磁性纳米复合粒子饱和磁化强度几乎不变,矫顽力趋近于零,仍显示超顺磁性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.