滨海道路吹填软基增压式真空预压试验研究

为研究无砂增压式真空预压对含砂量较高的吹填土软基的加固效果,以闽南沿海某道路工程为依托开展原位试验研究,在监测检测基础上,对膜下真空度和孔隙水压力变化、地基固结沉降特点及加固前后土的物理力学性质指标进行了分析,并就土体增压时机问题进行了讨论.结果 表明无砂增压式真空预压技术对含砂量较高的吹填土地基具有十分良好的加固效果,土层负孔隙水压力的增长与膜下真空度的增长同步,土层的固结沉降滞后于负孔压和膜下真空度的增长,第60d土层固结度达到70％ ～80％,可缩短工期.注气增压效果不佳,建议对注气增压固结机理和增压时机进一步开展理论和试验研究.     

荷载作用下软土压缩模量与孔隙结构关系研究

以深圳软土为研究对象,通过压汞试验获取了软土孔隙结构的特征参数,研究了在荷载作用下软土压缩模量与孔隙体积含量、孔隙尺度大小、孔隙连通量等软土结构特征的关系;探讨了在荷载作用下软土压缩模量随土体孔隙结构变化的机理。研究表明:(1)在荷载作用下软土压缩模量随其孔隙体积、平均孔径大小及孔隙连通量均呈双曲线形的负幂函数变化;(2)荷载作用下软土压缩模量随孔隙结构的变化过程可分为两个阶段。     

杭州饱和软土固结过程微观结构试验研究

软土的工程特性很大程度上取决于土体内部的孔隙特征及其变化规律,为探讨软土固结过程中压缩性及其微观结构变化机理,对杭州结构性黏土进行室内固结试验,通过液氮真空冷冻干燥技术制备微观土样,借助扫描电镜试验获取微观结构图像,用计算机图像处理软件定量分析土体孔隙特征随着固结压力的变化规律,并讨论微观结构参数与土体压缩性的相关机制。结果表明:固结压力将显著改变软土的孔隙尺度、分布、排列、形态等特征,随着固结压力的增加,孔隙数先增加后减少、微小孔隙的比例增加、均一化程度提高、定向性增强、复杂程度降低;土体微观结构参数与压缩系数随着固结压力的变化规律有很好的相关性,均在固结前期显著变化,在固结后期变化趋于平缓;用土的微观结构变化解释和验证宏观试验土体的物理力学特性是可行的。     

滨海软土微观孔隙测定方法研究

摘 要 土体孔隙结构是其重要物理力学指标,对研究土体变形、破坏有重要意义。本研究通过室内试验（SEM、CT技术）及数值模拟（ArcGIS）对滨海软土的孔隙结构、孔径大小及分布进行研究,就土体在分级荷载下的二、三维孔隙结构进行探讨。将基于CT试验的ArcGIS三维孔隙率、PCAS统计的SEM二维孔隙率、利用SEM二维图像计算的三维孔隙率、压汞试验实测孔隙率进行对比,分析不同方法测定孔隙率的精确度。同时对SEM图像进行测量和分析,统计不同孔径的孔隙数量随荷载的变化规律,从而分析软土的固结机理和微宏观力学性质。研究表明：随竖向荷载增大,土体大孔隙逐渐被压缩,孔隙平均直径逐渐减小,总孔隙体积减小,结构单元之间变得紧密,表观孔隙率减小。土体的轴向、径向和体积的收缩变形是由于孔隙的压缩以及颗粒的变形引起的,同时孔隙的分形维数受孔隙的压缩和颗粒的影响较大,周长-面积法求取孔隙的分形维数受阈值选取影响,但体积-面积法不受阈值选取的影响。     

劈裂注浆加固土体的数值模拟和试验研究

针对目前有关土体劈裂注浆加固机理方面的研究,并未区分注浆挤密作用、浆脉骨架作用对于土体强度影响的问题,通过三轴压缩数值分析与室内试验研究注浆挤密作用和浆脉骨架作用对被注土体黏聚力、内摩擦角及在不同围压条件下的压缩强度及变形的影响规律,获得土体劈裂注浆加固效果的主控因素。研究结果表明:浆脉嵌入土体内部,破坏了土体的完整性及非均质性,且土体与浆脉的力学性质差异性较大,当两者发生较大相对位移时,将导致显著的非协调变形;浆脉边缘存在应力集中,首先出现破坏并逐渐向土周边发展,最终相互搭接形成宏观破坏面;注浆挤密作用是提高土体强度的主控因素,限制液扩散范围,提高注浆压力,强化注浆挤密作用是保证注浆加固效果的关键。     

三轴剪切条件下黄土结构特征变化细观试验

利用与CT（computerized tornography）机配套的专用加栽设备，完成了在三轴压缩荷栽作用下黄土结构破坏全过程的细观损伤扩展规律的实时CT检测试验。通过试验，得到了在荷栽作用下Q3马兰黄土、Q2离石黄土土体中孔隙被压密各个阶段清晰的CT照片及土样剪切过程中各阶段的CT、数据。并且对试验得到的CT数，CT图像等试验结果进行了分析，得到了原状黄土土体孔隙变化特性及原状黄土的土体损伤扩展的初步规律。     

真空动力固结饱和软土地基室内模型试验

为研究土层沉降变化和孔隙水压力长消对真空动力固结软土加固效果的影响,设计了真空动力固结室内模型试验装置并进行了针对具体工程项目的试验模拟。通过夯击能变化调节,对真空动力固结处理土层的沉降变化规律和孔隙水压力长消规律进行了分析。试验研究结果表明:夯坑夯沉量和土层表面沉降与夯击击数及夯击能呈正比例变化,但应合理控制夯击击数;多遍真空主动降水和夯击反复作用导致土层竖向压缩量的增长速度呈递减趋势,分层土体的孔隙水压力增幅差异明显,且浅层土体孔压增幅大于深层土体孔压增幅,夯击引起的超孔隙水压力逐渐减小;真空动力固结有效加固深度修正系数αd围绕3.0浮动,且随着夯击能的增加,该系数呈现增大趋势。     

基于模型试验的群桩沉桩挤土效应微结构分析

基于静压群桩模型试验,运用扫描电镜获取了压桩前后土样的微观结构照片,并运用图象处理技术提取了群桩沉桩前后不同位置处土体微观结构参数,通过对比分析认识到:沉桩前桩周土体结构疏松,孔隙形状不规则,群桩压入后桩群中土体孔隙明显减小,孔隙的方向性增强;群桩压入后,等效直径、平面孔隙率、孔隙周长在地表及一定深度内部有所减小:孔隙个数增多,有土体被挤密的现象,而且随着深度的增加这种挤密效果更加明显;压桩后土颗粒的圆度和形态比变大,颗粒在几何形态上向扁长方向发展,且孔隙定向性集中于一到两个方向.     

排水板施工对软黏土扰动的现场试验研究

通过软黏土地基上塑料排水板施工过程的孔隙水压力观测及现场十字板强度试验,研究了排水板施工前后地基土体孔隙水压力增长和消散的规律,并且从软黏土地基的有效应力变化和结构扰动等方面分析了土体强度损失及恢复过程.结果表明:单根排水板施工引起的孔隙水压力增长较小,仅对表层孔隙水压力影响大;板群的施工对4 m范围内土体孔隙水压力的增长有叠加效应;排水板施工一方面使软土地基内的孔隙水压力增长,有效应力减小,导致软土强度的降低,另一方面使地基软土结构发生破坏而引起软土强度降低;孔隙水压力的增长引起的地基土强度损失恢复较快,而结构扰动引起的强度损失恢复较慢.     

滨海软土微观孔隙测定方法

土体孔隙结构是其重要物理力学指标,对研究土体变形、破坏有重要意义。通过室内试验(SEM、CT技术)及数值模拟(Arc GIS)对滨海软土的孔隙结构、孔径大小及分布进行研究,就土体在分级荷载下的二、三维孔隙结构进行探讨。将基于CT试验的Arc GIS三维孔隙率、PCAS统计的SEM二维孔隙率、利用SEM二维图像计算的三维孔隙率、压汞试验实测孔隙率进行对比,分析不同方法测定孔隙率的精确度。同时对SEM图像进行测量和分析,统计不同孔径的孔隙数量随荷载的变化规律,从而分析软土的固结机理和微宏观力学性质。研究表明:随竖向荷载增大,土体大孔隙逐渐被压缩,孔隙平均直径逐渐减小,总孔隙体积减小,结构单元之间变得紧密,表观孔隙率减小。土体的轴向、径向和体积的收缩变形是由于孔隙的压缩以及颗粒的变形引起的,同时孔隙的分形维数受孔隙的压缩和颗粒的影响较大,周长-面积法求取孔隙的分形维数受阈值选取影响,但体积-面积法不受阈值选取的影响。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.