砖隔墙前爆炸泄漏空气冲击波工程算法

为了评估砖隔墙毁伤后冲击波的破坏效应,依据砖隔墙前爆炸造成砖隔墙破坏后泄漏的冲击波效应试验研究结果,结合量纲分析建立泄漏冲击波效应具体工程算法,包括泄漏冲击波超压峰值、与无砖隔墙相比的药量等效系数及有无砖隔墙的冲击波超压折减系数等工程算法。结果表明:砖隔墙的合理设置可以消耗炸药的大部分能量,体现了一定的抗爆防护作用。     

竖井横通道爆炸冲击波传播规律试验研究

为了研究受限空间内爆炸冲击波传播规律,在青岛地铁8号线山东路南站1号竖井横通道进行裸露药包爆炸现场试验。利用NUBOX-9100瞬态信号测量仪及配备的传感器采集0.2、0.3、0.4 kg的2号岩石乳化炸药爆炸冲击波参数,分析实测冲击波信号的波形、超压峰值,并对冲击波信号进行短时傅里叶变换。结果表明：①横通道中裸露药包爆炸时,各观测点压力先迅速升高到最大值,随后震荡衰减;②由实测数据拟合出冲击波峰值压力修正公式,与现场实测数据误差不超过12.58%,能够比较准确的预测现场冲击波超压峰值;③短时傅里叶变换结果表明,横通道内冲击波信号主频为低频,能量随着频率的升高呈现出波动下降趋势。 通过竖井横通道炸药爆炸试验,分析实测冲击波数据特征,对于研究受限空间内爆炸冲击波的传播规律具有借鉴意义。     

柱状药包爆炸波传播规律的试验分析

药包爆炸波在结构体中传播规律是研究爆破工程的关键性问题之一。先利用爆炸水池对微小药量柱状药包爆炸冲击波压力进行试验测试,得到药包爆炸冲击波压力计算公式的相关参数;再利用预埋在试件中应变砖,对不同药量和长径比的药包进行爆破超动态应变测试。通过试验数据分析获得了柱状药包的爆炸冲击波在混凝土类脆性材料中的传播规律以及近中区应力波公式σγ＝σm中的衰减系数α值。珔γα     

浅水域爆炸冲击波传播特性

通过浅水域炸药裸露爆炸试验,实测得到水中爆炸波典型波形及峰值压力数据,分析了水中冲击波传播特性与衰减规律;对冲击波峰值压力进行线性回归分析,给出了浅水域爆炸冲击波衰减公式;在此基础上,通过有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA进行数值模拟,进一步验证并总结了部分相关结论。部分结论成果已应用于福建漳州古雷航道二期疏浚项目。     

装药长径比对坑道中冲击波峰值压力影响的试验

现代精确制导武器的装药呈细长化的发展趋势.为获得现代武器装药长径比对坑道中冲击波峰值压力的影响规律,共进行了11次比例模型坑道爆炸试验.模型坑道长10.0 m,由钢筋混凝土拱单元组成,单元截面积为0.67 m2;TNT炸药在坑口外爆炸,装药量范围为 1.0～4.6 kg.用压力传感器记录了坑道中的冲击波波形,由实测数据得到了不同装药长径比情况下坑道中冲击波峰值压力的分布,分析了装药长径比对坑道中冲击波峰值压力的影响规律.     

钢筋混凝土结构内爆炸相似模型试验研究

为了研究钢筋混凝土结构在内爆炸作用下的冲击波特征参量和结构毁伤的相似规律,建立了钢筋混凝土结构内爆炸相似理论模型,进行了结构原型和缩比系数分别为0.75和0.5的内爆炸相似性试验,对内爆炸冲击波特征参量和结构毁伤相似性进行了分析。结果表明,不同药量作用下各相似模型在典型位置处的内爆炸超压峰值具有相似的分布规律;药量服从相似准则时,0.75和0.5缩比方案的第一峰超压与原型的最大相对误差分别为10.33%和14.36%,前三波比例脉冲宽度与原型的最大相对误差分别为4.02%和5.25%;各缩比模型的压力时程曲线波形符合良好,证明各缩比模型之间的内爆炸特征参量存在相似规律;相似缩比模型在相同毁伤等级的药量作用下,可以从试验中得到相同的破坏程度和相似的破坏形态。     

空气隔层对水中冲击波衰减效果的实验研究

依据一维击波绝热透、反射理论和冲击波在空气、水中的衰减规律,分析了水中空气隔层对水下爆炸冲击波衰减的原理,并通过两次小药量模型实验对分析结果进行了验证.结果表明,空气隔层不仅可以削弱水中冲击波峰值压力,而且可以有效减少冲击波的冲量和总能量,从而可以有效防止水中爆炸冲击波对保护目标的破坏.     

传爆药超压峰值理论计算公式优化研究

为优化传爆药超压峰值理论计算方法,通过空中爆炸试验研究了不同密度的半球型及圆柱型钝化RDX及TATB传爆药的冲击波超压峰值,并在试验的基础上进行数值仿真研究,结果表明：TATB传爆药由于实际爆轰过程未能达到理想反应情况,导致密度/药量增加不足以抵消炸药未完全反应所带来的能量释放损失,使其在密度较大的装药条件下,超压峰值不增反减;钝化RDX传爆药随着密度/药量增加,其冲击波超压峰值逐渐增长。结合试验和经过可靠性验证的数值模拟,选取了多种现有经验公式作为超压峰值预测模型,通过对比研究发现,现有经验公式对传爆药的超压峰值评估不够准确：在评估钝化RDX传爆药时,理论计算结果整体偏高;对于TATB传爆药的估算结果则存在较大误差。最后拟合出了能较好描述两类传爆药爆炸超压峰值的优化经验公式,通过误差计算验证,该公式可以有效进行两类传爆药的超压峰值预测以及威力评估。     

新型装配式组合结构对爆炸冲击波流场的影响

为有效防护爆炸冲击波及抛掷物等的破坏作用,设计了一种新型装配式双层钢板组合结构体系.采用ALE(arbitrary lagrange-euler)算法对4种TNT药量、2种爆距下结构前方及上方流场规律进行了数值分析,得到了爆炸压力场的分布特点和不同位置的冲击波超压等的变化规律,分析了爆炸冲击波与组合结构的作用过程,并与经验公式及TM5-855-1计算结果进行了比较.分析表明,结构前方爆心水平线上0.3 m范围的超压峰值增大,但药量和爆距对此范围的大小影响不大;结构上方一定范围内的冲击波超压减弱,且随着药量和爆距的增大而减小;药量增大、爆距减小时,结构前上方冲击波超压增强的范围增大.     

坑道口部爆炸冲击波压力传播规律

坑道口部是防护的重点和难点.利用显式动力学有限元软件,通过合理简化假设,对典型的等截面直墙圆拱坑道口部爆炸的冲击波波动过程进行了数值模拟,形象揭示出坑道中冲击波压力传播规律,即坑道中冲击波压力首先直线上升至最大值,随后由于坑道壁来回反射,出现了与自由大气中理想冲击波指数衰减不同的多个波峰震荡,并得到了峰值压力随距离衰减的模拟结果.再采用相似比为1/5的室外大比例模型,对0.8 kg,0.6 kg和0.4 kg 3种集团装药在坑道口部爆炸的冲击波压力传播规律进行了试验研究,由实测数据拟合出了冲击波峰值压力计算经验公式.结果表明,试验拟合公式与数值模拟及其他经验公式一致性较好,具有一定的工程使用价值.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to