螯合剂对小鼠体内镉的排泄与分布的影响

为了开发高效低毒的新型镉解毒剂,用原子吸收分光光度法分别测定了镉染毒后N一对羟甲苯甲基-D-葡糖二硫代氨基甲酸钠（HBGD）、N-苯甲基-D-葡糖二硫代氨基甲酸钠（BGD）、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠（DDTC）、二巯基丙醇（BAL）、乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）等螯合剂对小鼠尿液、粪便以及各组织镉含量的影响．结果表明：HBGD、BGD、DDTC能促进小鼠体内镉的排泄;HBGD、BGD能显著减少小鼠各脏器中镉的含量;DDTC显著减少了小鼠多数脏器中镉的含量,但产生了镉在脑中的重新分布;BAL对镉的促排和解毒作用仅在短时间内有效;EDTA对镉的促排和解毒作用均不明显;HBGD和BGD是较有效的镉解毒剂．     

镉、汞、铅的毒性和新型螯合剂对镉的解毒作用

我校开发的“镉、汞、铅的毒性和新型螯合剂对镉的解毒作用”技术日前通过江苏省科技厅组织的鉴定 .其针对镉、汞、铅的毒性和新型螯合剂对镉的解毒作用开展了较为系统的实验研究 ,合成了两种新型螯合剂 .发现二硫代氨基甲酸类螯合剂BGD、HBGD和DDTC对镉有明显的促排和解毒作用 ,HBGD和BGD对镉致小鼠睾丸和肝脏毒性有更好的保护作用 ,为临床选择高效低毒的重金属解毒剂开辟了新途径 ,有创新性 ,并具有理论研究和实际应用价值镉、汞、铅的毒性和新型螯合剂对镉的解毒作用!科技处@唐恒     

藏药波棱瓜子有效成分波棱素对ConA诱导的免疫性肝损伤的保护作用

目的通过建立ConA诱导的免疫性肝损伤动物模型,研究波棱瓜子有效成分波棱素对免疫性肝损伤的保护作用.方法一次性动物尾静脉注射刀豆球蛋白(20mg/kg)建立小鼠免疫性肝损伤模型,考察不同剂量的波棱素对小鼠血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH),以及肝组织丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)含量(或活性)的影响.结果小鼠尾静脉注射ConA后,模型组小鼠血清AST、ALT等活性明显升高,说明ConA诱导的损伤模型造模成功.给予波棱素药物后,与模型组相比较,波棱素能明显降低小鼠ALT、AST和LDH活性,降低小鼠肝组织MDA的含量;升高肝组织SOD和GSH-Px的活性.结论波棱素能明显减轻ConA诱导的小鼠肝组织损伤,改善其炎症反应,保护肝脏组织.     

铅对小鼠脏器中微量元素的影响

为探讨铅的毒性机制 ,防治铅中毒 ,分别测定了醋酸铅染毒小鼠各脏器中铅、钙、铁、锌等金属元素含量和各脏器的脂质过氧化物 (LPO)值及血清乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)活性 ,结果显示染铅后小鼠多数脏器中镉、钙、铁、锌浓度和LPO值及血清LDH活性均明显高于对照组 ,这表明铅对小鼠多数脏器都有毒性 ,脏器中钙、铁、锌等微量元素含量异常可能是铅引起细胞损伤的重要因素之一     

柿叶提取物对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的研究

探讨了柿叶醇提物的乙酸乙酯萃取制剂(EAF)对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用.腹腔注射四氯化碳(CCl4)致小鼠急性肝损伤模型,测定不同剂量的EAF对血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性,肝超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响,同时对肝组织进行病理学检查.结果表明,EAF具有剂量依赖性地降低血清中ALT、AST、AKP值,增强肝中SOD、GPx、CAT的活性,降低肝组织匀浆中MDA的含量,减轻CCl4对肝脏细胞的病理损伤.100mg/kg是EAF对肝损伤的合适保护剂量.适量的EAF对CCl4所致小鼠急性肝损伤有较好的保护作用.     

铅对小鼠脏器中微量元素的影响

为探讨铅的毒性机制，防治铅中毒，分别测定了醋酸铅染毒小鼠各脏器中铅、钙、铁、锌等金属元素含量的各脏器的脂质过氧化物（LPO）值及血清乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性，结果显示染铅后小鼠多数脏器中镉、钙、铁、锌浓度和LPO值及血清LDH活性均明显高于对照组，这表明铅对小鼠多数脏器都有毒性，脏器中钙、铁、锌等微量元素含量异常可能是铅引起细胞损伤的重要因素之一。     

壳寡糖及其衍生物对CCl4诱导的小鼠肝损伤的保护作用

研究壳寡糖（COS）、氨基葡萄糖（GlcNH2）和N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖(GlcNAc)对CCl4诱导的雄性昆明种小鼠肝毒性的保护作用，并探讨其可能机制. 小鼠腹腔注射CCl4（20mg/kg体重）24h后，血清天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)和丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)活性明显提高，引起肝脏脂质过氧化反应，巯基含量降低，总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）减弱，诱发基因毒性. 提前连续12天分别灌胃给予COS，GlcNH2 和GlcNAc（1.5g/kg体重）能够显著诱导金属硫蛋白（MT）的表达，体内的抗氧化防御系统随之增强以抵抗CCl4诱导的氧化损伤. 血清AST和ALT活性明显降低，肝脏丙二醛（MDA）生成被抑制，巯基含量，T-AOC明显恢复. 但是，从DNA电泳结果反应出的基因毒性并未减轻. 实验结果证明，提前给予COS，GlcNH2和GlcNAc对CCl4诱导的小鼠肝损伤能够起到有效的保护作用，其中，GlcNH2的作用效果最显著.     

甘草提取物、石见穿提取物、紫参汤对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用的比较

甘草提取物,石见穿提取物和紫参汤对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用的比较。采用腹腔注射0.2%四氯化碳玉米油溶液10mL/kg造成小鼠急性肝损伤模型,采用赖氏法测小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性,可见光法测定过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力,以TBA比色法测定血清和肝组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,以及丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果显示紫参汤可显著降低四氯化碳致肝损伤小鼠血清ALT和AST水平升高,明显降低肝脏MDA含量,提高肝匀浆和血清SOD活性。由此可知,紫参汤对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤有一定的保护作用,且药效优于单用甘草或石见穿。其机制可能与抑制脂质过氧化有关。     

青稞麦绿素对小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:观察青稞麦绿素(HBG)对小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用.方法:先用HBG预处理,再采用卡介苗和脂多糖(BCG+LPS)制作小鼠急性免疫性肝损伤模型,以联苯双酯滴丸(BDD)为阳性对照.采用全自动生化分析仪测定血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、血清谷草转氨酶(AST)和血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的含量;连苯三酚自氧化法测定血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性;硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)显色法测定肝匀浆中的丙二醛(MDA)含量;肝组织常规制片,组织学观察.结果:不同剂量的HBG组血清ALT、ALP、AST、LDH和肝组织中MDA含量明显低于对照组,血清SOD明显高于对照组;镜下病理显示,HBG对由BCG+LPS引起的小鼠急性肝损伤造成的肝细胞水样变性、大片坏死、炎性细胞浸润等状态有缓解作用.结论:HBG对由BCG+LPS引起的小鼠免疫性肝损伤有保护作用,其作用机制可能与其抗自由基和参与免疫调节有关.     

全氟辛酸在小鼠肝脂质过氧化损伤中的作用

确定全氟辛酸是否通过脂质过氧化造成小鼠肝脏的损伤.将小鼠随机分为4组,分别为空白组、1/16LD50、1/8LD50和1/4LD50组,染毒14 d后采用HE染色法观察肝脏病理变化,试剂盒法测定肝组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD);还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH);丙二醛(MDA)、血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)含量变化.HE染色观察到全氟辛酸染毒组肝组织损伤明显;试剂盒结果显示,与空白组相比,全氟辛酸组小鼠组织匀浆中SOD活性显著降低,MDA含量显著升高,GSH活性显著降低,均有统计学意义.全氟辛酸组小鼠血清中ALT和AST活性明显高于空白组(P<0.01),低剂量组小鼠血清ALP活性与空白组相比显著升高(P<0.05),高、中剂量组与空白组相比ALP活性有升高趋势,但是没有统计学意义.全氟辛酸通过脂质过氧化造成小鼠肝损伤.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.