膜-序批式生物反应器生活污水处理特性研究

采用中空纤维膜-序批式生物反应器处理实际生活污水，考察了污染物的去除效果及膜污染情况．结果表明：在不排泥条件下连续运行，系统表现出良好的污染物去除效果，COD、氨氮、浊度等平均去除率分别达到89．8％，99．3％和99．6％；膜强化去除作用显著，且出水水质稳定，出水水质优于生活杂用水水质标准；在实验期间没有对中空纤维膜组件进行清洗，膜污染发展速度缓慢，膜过滤性能稳定．     

优势菌-膜生物反应器处理洗车废水难降解物质的研究

在运行条件一致的情况下 ,比较研究了优势菌—膜生物反应器和普通活性污泥—膜生物反应器对洗车废水的色、味的去除效果。试验结果表明 ,优势菌—膜生物反应器出水水质良好 ,该反应器出水色、味优于普通污泥—膜生物反应器出水 ;经过生物强化后的普通活性污泥—膜生物反应器出水水质优于该反应器强化前出水。     

一体式好氧膜生物反应器处理城市污水的出水水质BODp数学模型研究

利用SMBR运行过程中的物料平衡、有机物的微生物降解反应动力学模型及膜污染动力学模型,并根据SMBR处理城市污水的具体特点在公式推导过程对相应的部分进行了适当的简化,从而推导出了一体式好氧膜生物反应器处理城市污水的出水水质BODp的计算公式.通过公式的计算数据和实验测定值对比分析得到：出水水质BODp的计算值与实验测定结果基本一致.     

生物强化膜生物反应器处理洗车废水

洗车废水用水量大，而且回用水质要求较高，采用膜生物反应器(MBR)处理以保证回用水的水质，同时可缓解水资源短缺的问题．利用生物强化技术针对性强、应用灵活和效率高等特点，将高效菌生物强化技术与MBR结合处理洗车废水．在相同运行条件下运行两个MBR，其中一个MBR中投加高效菌，并对两者的处理效果进行比较．试验结果表明，用高效菌强化的MBR出水水质良好，出水的色度、化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH3-N)和阴离子表面活性剂(LAS)等均优于普通污泥-MBR出水．     

膜生物反应器处理生活污水的研究

研究了膜生物反应器处理生活污水的运行效果、膜污染特征及控制．结果表明：膜生物反应器处理生活污水,COD的去除率达到85％以上,出水COD质量浓度控制在34mg／L,NH4-N的去除率能达到92％,出水NH4-N质量浓度在5mg／L,出水TN平均去除率可迭86％,出水TN质量浓度为8mg／L;污泥浓度随处理时间延长而逐渐增加,污泥负荷运渐降低．运行初期过膜压力（TMP）的上升较慢,而运行一段时间后,TMP快速上升．对污染后的膜组件进行清洗,结果表明：通过清水清洗和HCl清洗后,膜的过膜压力没有明显缓解,采用NaOH和NaClO联合清洗后,膜的过膜压力迅速下降。说明膜污染以有机污染为主．对TMP进行计算,有机污染在膜污染中贡献为65％,对膜表面无机元素的分析结果也表明,无机污染不是膜污染的主要原因．     

一体式膜生物反应器在城镇污水处理厂的中试研究

近年来,随着污水回用事业的发展,膜生物反应器（Membrane Bioreactor）日益受到人们重视,与其他的污水处理工艺相比,膜生物反应器是一种简洁、高效的废水处理工艺,采用规模为6m3/d的一体式膜生物反应器对山东东阿县城镇污水和工业废水的处理进行中试研究,整个系统连续运行了两个月,试验结果表明：出水水质稳定可靠,各项指标（CODcr≤35mg/L,氨氮≤5mg/L,总硬度（以CaCO3计）≤10mg/L,无SS）都满足回用水水质标准,利用连续曝气、间歇出水、化学清洗可以减少膜污染,恢复膜通量。     

预膜法用于控制膜生物反应器膜污染

膜污染问题限制了膜生物反应器的大规模应用,故通过2个处理生活污水的平行膜生物反应器的对比实验,验证预膜法对于控制膜污染的作用．整个实验进行253d,分3个阶段,每个阶段开始时用氢氧化铁絮体对膜生物反应器A中的膜组件进行预膜,膜生物反应器B中的膜组件作为空白进行对比．实验结果表明,在稳定运行阶段,膜A的比通量高于膜B,并且膜生物反应器A的出水水质优于膜生物反应器B．研究证明了预膜对于控制膜生物反应器中的膜污染是有效的．     

MBR-RO组合工艺在印染废水回用的应用

将膜生物反应器（MBR）与反渗透（RO）工艺相结合，对印染废水二沉池出水进行深度处理，利用MBR进一步去除有机污染物，利用RO脱盐、脱色。运行结果表明，出水水质可满足生产工艺回用水要求。     

自生生物动态膜反应器处理市政污水的特性

实验采用0．1mm孔径的筛网自制膜组件制备自生生物动态膜反应器，考察了自生生物动态膜的形成和再生，膜孔径、膜通量和污泥浓度对自生生物动态膜形成的影响，以及对模拟城市污水的处理效果．实验结果表明，自生生物动态膜可在48h左右形成，其中滤饼层在10min左右即可形成，自生生物动态膜的再生可在50min左右完成．在HRT为4h．，膜通量为20，8Lm^-1h^-1，MLSS为4000mg／L左右时，系统稳定运行40d里，出水水头压差保持在9mm左右，出水的SS未检出，浊度均小于5NTU，氨氮的去除率保持在80％以上，COD平均去除率为87．5％，膜分离对有机物的平均去除率为18．6％．     

序批式膜生物反应器的膜过滤特性

探索序批式膜生物反应器(SMBR)处理生活污水的工艺条件,考察曝气时间和静沉时间对有机碳总含量(TOC)及浊度去除效果的影响,研究曝气量对超滤处理SMBR出水临界通量的影响以及混凝-絮凝-超滤处理MBR出水过滤污染物的性能。结果表明:在SMBR中,当曝气时间为5 h,静沉时间为1.5 h时,TOC去除率均在90%以上;曝气量对临界通量的影响较大,当曝气量为100 L/h时,临界通量为39.7 L/(m2·h)。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.