应用双螺杆挤压机改性玉米蛋白质的研究

本文采用BC45型双螺杆挤压机,进行了玉米粗蛋白的挤压改性研究。通过分析蛋白质水溶性的变化,发现螺杆转速越快,物料水分越低,膨化温度越低,模头长度越短,越有利于获得高NSI的玉米蛋白。并用均匀试验设计优化了影响蛋白质溶解性的工艺条件;获得高NSI的最优挤压条件为:物料水分11%,螺杆转速160rpm,膨化温度75℃,模头长度300mm;各因素对玉米粗蛋白NSI的影响次序为:物料水分、膨化温度、模头长度、螺杆转速。蛋白质经过挤压膨化处理,可大大改善其功能性质指标,与此同时产品的色泽、气味也得以改善,消化利用率提高。     

挤压参数对棉籽粕中NSI影响规律的研究

探讨了挤压机模孔孔径,套筒温度,物料水分含量,螺杆转速,轴头间隙等挤压系统参数对棉籽粕中NSI的影响规律.试验结果表明,棉籽粕中NSI的值最高可达29.92%,这与未膨化原料中棉籽的NSI值相差不大.可见只要参数选择合理的话,完全可以使棉籽粕的蛋白质利用价值较高.     

挤压膨化对玉米蛋白肽得率影响的研究

采用挤压膨化的方法处理玉米蛋白粉,使玉米蛋白变性,探索提高玉米蛋白粉酶解后肽得率的挤压条件。以物料水分含量、挤压机机筒温度、挤压机螺杆转速、挤压机模孔孔径为考察因素,酶解后玉米蛋白肽得率为评价指标,采用五元二次正交旋转设计,建立回归方程,通过响应面分析方法,探索试验因素对评价指标的影响规律,确定最佳的挤压工艺条件。实验结果表明,机筒温度为78℃,螺杆转速为175r/min,模孔孔径为8mm,物料水分含量为24.5%的挤压条件下,酶解后肽得率达到74.02%。     

青稞挤压糊化粉的研制

以青稞粉为原料,采用双螺杆挤压改性方法加工速食营养粉,研究挤压温度、螺杆转速和物料水分对物料品质的影响规律,并通过二次旋转正交组合实验(响应面实验),优化营养粉工艺参数.结果表明,物料水分、螺杆转速和挤压温度对于青稞营养粉产品品质影响显著(P0.05).响应面试验得出速食营养粉的较优加工条件:螺杆转速290 r/min,温度165℃和水分含量16.5%.在此优化条件获得青稞预糊化粉的各项指标为:膨化度3.14,吸水指数5.92,容重0.53,碘呈色度5.44.     

发芽糙米挤压膨化产品的质量性状分析

采用了Design-expert中心组合试验研究了双螺杆挤压膨化工艺技术对发芽糙米的影响,通过膨化率、吸水性指数、水溶性指数因素和回归旋转试验研究物料水分、螺杆转速和膨化温度对挤压产品质量性状,各质量性状间的相关关系从而确定发芽糙米挤压膨化产品质量性状和工艺参数间的关系,构建产品质量评价指标体系.结果表明,发芽糙米最佳条件为膨化温度140℃、螺杆转速250 r/min,物料水分22.3%.物料水分含量显著影响发芽糙米的吸水性和水溶性;且吸水性、水溶性与膨化度之间相关性显著.发芽糙米挤压膨化工艺参数与产品质量性状间相关性显著.     

挤压膨化技术开发保健混合粉

探讨了双螺相挤压机对混合物料（黑米：薏米：荞麦=60%：15%：25%）进行挤压膨化的生产工艺，研究了物料水分含量、挤压温度、螺杆转速对产品糊化度的影响。结果为：物料水分含量16%，挤压温度170℃，螺杆转速100r/min，挤出物的膨化效果最佳。     

莲子双螺杆挤压膨化工艺的研究

以莲子为原料,采用双螺杆挤压膨化技术开发莲子膨化食品.研究了原料颗粒大小、原料含水量、进料速度、挤压膨化温度及螺杆转速等因素对莲子膨化的影响.结果表明:当莲子目数大于或等于40目时,莲子膨化较优工艺为:进料速度17～19 r/min,原料含水量14%～16%,膨化温度155～165℃,螺杆转速135～145 r/min.     

加工工艺对玉米方便速食粥食用品质的影响

玉米方便速食粥是采用物理改性技术加工制成的方便主食品.为研究各加工工艺对速食粥食用品质的影响,以玉米粉为主要原料,采用挤压质构重组技术研究开发方便速食粥产品,并分析加工工艺对于玉米方便速食粥食用品质的影响.结果显示:各加工工艺参数对方便速食粥食用品质影响均显著,其中螺杆转速、喂料量对食用品质的影响呈先升高后降低的规律.食用品质随挤压温度的升高而降低,随水分质量分数的提高呈上升趋势.在螺杆转速220 r/min,切刀转速2 100r/min,挤压温度110℃,喂料量18 kg/h,水分质量分数33%时,产品食用品质质量较高.测试物料熟化时间后也发现,基本规律与食用品质规律相似.     

挤压复配红薯米工艺参数对压力的影响

为探索双螺杆挤压红薯全粉复配营养米工艺中不同螺杆转速、挤压糊化温度、水分含量对系统压力的影响,以期为红薯米规模化生产提供理论依据,采用单因素及正交实验,结合红薯米质构特性中咀嚼感,优选出最佳工艺参数。结果表明:压力随螺杆转速升高先降低后升高复降低,咀嚼感随螺杆转速升高先升高后降低,压力和咀嚼感均随挤压糊化温度升高而升高,随水分含量升高而降低。对于压力,水分含量的影响最大,挤压糊化温度次之,螺杆转速影响最小;对于咀嚼感,螺杆转速影响最大,水分含量次之,挤压糊化温度影响最小。正交实验结果表明:螺杆转速145 r/min、挤压糊化温度125℃、水分含量29%时,红薯米咀嚼感最好、压力最小,此结果可用于生产实践。     

用于饮料制作的黑米挤压参数对糊化度影响

以黑米含水率、挤压机模孔直径、螺杆转速、套筒温度等为考察因素,黑米挤出物的糊化度为评价指标,采用四因素五水平二次旋转正交组合试验设计,建立回归方程;并进行响应面图形分析,探讨试验因素对指标的影响规律.通过岭回归确定适宜制作饮料的黑米糊化度的最佳挤压膨化工艺参数:套筒温度为70.0℃、模孔孔径为8.0mm、含水率为21.0%、螺杆转速为180.0r/min.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.