极谱法连续测定痕量铅和镉

研究了Pb2+和Cd2+与KCI-酒石酸钠-三乙醇胺-明胶体系的二次导数极谱波.在pH=4.5的HAc-NaAc介质中,Pb2+和Cd2+分别于-0.46V和-0.64V电位处产生一良好的极谱波.峰电流与Pb2+和Cd2+的浓度分别在1×10-5～3×10-1 g·L-1和5×10-5～6×10-3 g·L-1范围内呈线性关系.Pb2+和Cd2+的检出限分别为1×10-7 g·L-1和5×10-7 g·L-1.本法准确、简便、快速、选择性高.已直接用于饮料中铅和镉的连续测定,同时也对酒及面粉样品进行了测定,回收率分别为99.9%～100.1%和97.0%～104.8%.     

Fe~(2+)-Fe(CN)_6~(4-)-鲁米诺体系化学发光反应研究

发现了 Fe~(3+)-Fe(CN)~(4-)_6—鲁米诺化学发光体系,建立了测定痕量铁的化学发光新方法.方法的检出限是5×10~(-10)g·mL~(-1)Fe~(3+),校正曲线的线性范围是2×10~(-9)～5×10~(-7)g·mL~(-1)Fe~(3+),相对标准偏差小于5%.此方法已用于化学试剂中痕量铁的测定.     

2Cr13Ni4Mn9奥氏体不锈钢晶间腐蚀倾向的研究

采用等温方法测定了2Cr13Ni4Mn9钢碳化物开始析出曲线与发生晶间腐蚀所需最短时间曲线,研究了该钢在不同冷速下的晶间腐蚀行为;考查了冷变形量对晶间腐蚀的影响。结果表明,该钢碳化物开始析出曲线与发生晶间腐蚀所需最短时间曲线均呈“C”形,并可分别用方程 lgt=43.883-0.116T+7.779×10~(-5)T~2 lgt=40.037-0.109T+7.673×10~(-5)T~2来描述。由于该钢碳化物析出的孕育期短,因而晶间腐蚀敏感性强。固溶后的冷速对该钢晶间腐蚀倾向有强烈影响,冷变形对晶间腐蚀没有影响。     

二苯硫腙还原法测定痕量 NO_2~-

NO_2~-在2MHCl 介质中能氧化二苯硫腙,使四氯化碳相中绿色减退。通过测定620nm 下反应前后四氯化碳中吸光度的改变,建立了测定痕量 NO_2~-的新方法。方法的灵敏度ε=3. 45×10~4升·摩尔~(-1) ·厘米~(-1) ,最低检出限为5. 0×10~(-8) gNO_2~-·ml~(-1) ,线性范围为0. 50-7. 5μg·NO_2~-·10ml~(-1) 。对干扰的金属离子 Cu~+、Cu~(+2) 、Hg~(2+)、Ag~+、Au~(3+)等,可在 pH3-7条件下,用二苯硫腙的四氯化碳溶液萃取除去。该法用于测定废水中 NO_2~-,结果是满意的。     

ZA-2型丝光沸石催化剂上甲苯歧化反应本征动力学和反应机理的研究

在高压液相进料型催化微型反应器-色谱联合装置中,于温度340℃、350℃、360℃、370℃;临氢化压3MPa;催化剂装填量0.1—0.2克:颗粒40—60目;接触时间6—20g·h·mol~(-1);氢烃摩尔比为32:1、29:1、26:1等条件下,得到ZA-2型丝光沸石催化剂上,甲苯歧化反应本征动力学方程为r_J=K·P_J~(0.5),K=3.077×10~6exp(103 320/RT)。反应机理符合L-H的双位吸附机理,表面反应为控制步骤,机理模型为r_J=K_2[K_J P_J/(1+K_J P_J)]~2(式中r_J为甲苯的消耗速率,速度常数K_2=9.196×10~(12)exp(-7460 666/RT)(mol·g~(-1)·h~(-1));吸收常数K_J=1.347×10~(12)exp(623267/RT)(Pa~(-1));P_J为甲苯分压,Pa。     

湍流时动能校正系数α的计算

<正> 湍流时动能校正系数α可以用下式计算:α=(n+1)~3(n+2)~3/[4(3n+1)(3n+2)]运用此式可以很方便地求出不同n值时(或不同Re值时)α的数值。例如:当4×10~43.3×10~6时,n=1/10,α=1.031。     

钠抗镉对水生物毒性及吸收动力学的研究

测定Cd以及Cd在NaCl存在时对水蚯蚓（T.Tubifex）的毒性,并用~(109)Cd~(2+)标记测定水蚯蚓对Cd~(2+)吸收速度。实验发现随着Na~+变化Cd半致死量LC_(50)也发生变化,当Na~+浓度增加到8.0×10~(-2)mol·L~(-1)时,在48h时,毒性下降了21倍;在低于1.0×10~(-3)mol·L~(-1)NaCl时,水蚯蚓对Cd~(2+)吸收速度没有明显的变化,可当NaCl浓度大于1.0×10~(-2)mol·L(-1)时有明显下降（P<0.05）。用Lineweave-Burk法处理实验数据得到最大吸收速度V_max和米氏常数K_m,当Na~+提高时V_max基本保持为常数(5.5-7.5)×10~(-7)mol·g~(-1)·h~(-1),而K_m成倍增加,这表明Cd~（2+）和Na~+竞争相同的转移通道进入动物体内,从而导致影响Cd对水蚯蚓的毒性。     

甲基丙烯酸甲酯及丙烯酸乙酯与麻类纤维接枝共聚反应规律

以硝酸铈铵为引发剂,研究了甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯分别与苧麻及亚麻纤维的非均相接枝共聚合反应规律。当[Ce~(4+)]在4.5×10~(-3)～6.5×10~(-3)mol·l~(-1)、[M]在6×10~(-1)～9×10~(-1)mol·l~(-1)、[H~+]在5×10~(-2)～8×10~(-2)mol·l~(-1),30～40℃,反应2～3小时,接枝率较高。     

Wein位移定律的形式和内容

本文从统计的角度指出在理论上Wein位移定律λ_mΥ=0.29×10~(-2)(m·k)和λ_mT=0.51×10~(-2)(m·k)的形式和内容必须保持一致;从实验的角度确认了Wein位移定律的本来形式应该是λ_mΥ=0.29×10~(-2)(m·k),而不是λ_mT=0.51×10~(-2)(m·k)。     

藏红T萃取分光光度法测定岩石矿物中的微量金—六种溶剂和混合溶剂萃取体系的研究

本文建立了应用藏红T作显色剂分光光度法测定微量金的新方法。金(Ⅲ)在硫酸介质中及溴化钠存在下与藏红T反应形成红色络合物。此络合物易被非水溶剂如:环己烷+丁酮(3+2)、苯+丁酮(7+8)环己烷+MIBK(3+2)、乙酸异戊酯、乙酸丁酯或乙酸正戊酯所萃取,最大吸收在528—530nm之间(表观摩尔吸光系数e=5.70×10~4—7.25 x10~4l·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1))。分别在0—22、5、0—30、0—30、0—35、0一35、0一30微克金/10毫升遵守比尔定律。本法已应用于矿石中微量金的分析。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.