间苯二甲酰胺Gemini表面活性剂的合成及性能

采用3-二甲氨基丙胺和间苯二甲酰氯为原料,合成二(3-二甲氨基丙基)间苯二甲酰胺,再分别与溴代正十二烷、溴代正十四烷和溴代正十六烷反应制得3种含酰胺键的Gemini阳离子表面活性剂(C12-N-C12、C14-N-C14、C16-N-C16).采用IR、1 H-NMR、元素分析表征了其结构.测定其临界胶束浓度(CMC)分别为5.96×10-4、1.03×10-4、6.25×10-5 mol·L-1;表面张力(γCMC)分别为40.83、38.76、38.08 mN·m-1;Krafft点分别为0、0、12℃,并研究了其乳化性、泡沫性质.     

溴化1-甲基-3-丁基咪唑的微波辅助合成及工业化方案研究

以溴代正丁烷与N-甲基咪唑为原料,利用微波辅助合成了咪唑类离子液体溴化1-甲基-3-丁基咪唑([BMIm]Br),并用红外光谱对[BMIm]Br进行了结构表征.运用单因素实验研究了反应条件对合成过程的影响,并从工业应用角度得出了微波辅助合成[BMIm]Br的最优化条件:物料比(物质的量比)为1∶1.3、时间为5min、功率为500W、温度为100℃.产率高达97.2%.通过模拟工业实验验证了间歇法和连续法两种工艺的可行性.     

改性镍钼粉催化合成1-溴代异戊烷

以异戊醇和氢溴酸为原料 ,改性镍钼粉为催化剂 ,催化合成 3,1-溴代异戊烷。探索出适于合成 1-溴代异戊烷的工艺控制条件 ,由异戊烷与氢溴酸物质的量比为n(异戊烷 ) :n(氢溴烷 ) =1 0 :2 5 ,催化剂用量为m(异戊烷 ) :m(催化剂 ) =1 0 0 0 :0 12 5 ,反应温度为 10 0～ 110℃ ,反应时间为 2h ,1-溴代异戊烷的收率为 :90 %。     

四氟硼酸盐的合成研究

本文以N-甲基咪唑与1-溴代己烷为原料采用传统方法合成溴化1-己基-3-甲基咪唑[HMIM]Br中间体,通过实验分析反应时间、反应温度及N-甲基咪唑与1-溴代己烷的摩尔比(原料比)对[HMIM]Br收率的影响.中间体经过离子交换.得到化合物[HMIM]BF4.产物的结构经1H NMR确认.与谱图结构一致.     

含酯基Gemini咪唑表面活性剂的合成与性能

以咪唑,溴代烷(1-溴辛烷,1-溴癸烷,1-溴十二烷、1-溴十四烷、1-溴十六烷)和1,2-双(氯乙酰氧基)乙烷为主要原料合成了5个新型含酯基Gemini咪唑表面活性剂,通过FTIR和1H NMR确认了目标产物的结构。室温下测定了表面张力、乳化性能和起泡性能,结果表明随着烷基链长的增加,表面活性剂的表面活性提高,同时表现出良好的乳化能力和泡沫能力。     

3-羰基-10-去甲基-12-甲氧基松香烷的全合成

按照AC-ABC的合成策略,设计了1种新的合成路线,并合成了目标产物3-羰基-10-去甲基-12-羟基松香烷.在合成中,以2-异丙基苯甲醚为原料,在磷钼酸铵催化下,经过对位溴代、与环氧乙烷加成和节醇溴代等反应步骤,合成了3-羰基-10-去甲基-12-甲氧基松香烷13,总收率达14.17%.通过红外光谱、核磁共振谱和质谱等结构表征,结果表明成功实现了目标产物的全合成.     

9,10-菲醌选择性溴化反应研究

通过改变反应物的投料比、溶剂、反应温度等因素高选择性合成了9,10-菲醌系列溴化物.结果表明:9,10-菲醌与N-溴代丁酰亚胺摩尔比为1.0∶1.4,在浓硫酸中0℃反应3 h得到了2-溴-9,10-菲醌,收率60%;在相同条件下,9,10-菲醌与N-溴代丁酰亚胺摩尔比为1.0∶2.3得到了2,7-二溴-9,10-菲醌,收率76%;9,10-菲醌与溴素摩尔比为1.0∶1.4,过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,在冰乙酸中106℃反应3 h,得到了3-溴-9,10-菲醌,收率85%,在相同条件下,9,10-菲醌与溴素摩尔比为1.0∶3.4,得到了3,6-二溴-9,10-菲醌,收率90%.对9,10-菲醌的选择性溴化规律进行了探讨,发现溴化剂的加入量是决定生成单溴代或双溴代产物的主要因素.     

以三羟基苯基荧光酮为光谱探针测定痕量锑

以三羟基苯基荧光酮(THPF)作为光谱探针,在溴代十六烷基吡啶-乳化剂(CPB-OP)微乳液介质中研究其与锑的显色反应,当pH=7.01,微乳液介质中锑与三羟基苯基荧光酮的物质的量比为1∶3时,系统中能形成稳定的有色配合物,其最大吸收波长λmax=460 nm;采用双峰双波长光度法测得其摩尔吸光系数ε=2.81×106L.mol-1.cm-1,比单波长分光光度法测得的ε的灵敏度提高4.43倍;用此配合物测定以污水为底液的模拟样品中的锑,标准偏差均小于2.1%;以巯基葡聚糖凝胶(SDG)分离富集消除共存离子干扰时,Sb3+的回收率为97%～102%。     

3-甲基-4-巯基-6-叔丁基苯酚的合成研究

以3-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚为原料,合成了一种新型巯基化合物3-甲基-4-巯基-6-叔丁基苯酚.考察了合成过程中的影响因素,通过元素分析、NMR、质谱等手段对产物进行了结构表征.最佳合成条件为:在原料物质的量0.5%的碘催化下,3-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚与氯化硫物质的量比1∶2或1.1∶2投料,0~5℃下反应,然后用锌粉、盐酸还原,锌粉用量为原料物质的量两倍,而盐酸用量为锌粉物质的量的两倍.     

舒巴坦前体溴代青霉烷酸的工艺研究

以β-内酰胺酶抑制剂舒巴坦的传统合成工艺为基础，以6-APA为原料，在氢溴酸和亚硝酸钠作用下，合成舒巴坦的前体溴代青霉烷酸，确定了最佳合成工艺．通过一系列实验，可以得出6-APA、氢溴酸、溴素、亚硝酸钠的最佳配比为1：13：4：1（物质的量比），反应温度在0℃以下，反应时间达4h以上时，产品收率可达92％，并用红外光谱对产品结构进行初步表征。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.