高温作用后混凝土抗拉强度的影响分析

对62组混凝土标准立方体试块进行劈裂抗拉强度试验,考察受火温度、冷却方式、养护龄期及静置时间对高温作用后混凝土劈裂断面形态和抗拉强度的影响规律,并针对不同情况建议了高温作用后混凝土抗拉强度的计算式.结果表明:受火温度对高温作用后混凝土劈裂断面的破坏形态和抗拉强度影响很大.当受火温度在300℃以内时,劈裂断面较为平整;随着受火温度的提高,劈裂断面越来越粗糙,当受火温度超过600℃时,劈裂断面主要经过硬化水泥浆,断面处粗骨料未发生破坏.喷水冷却后,高温作用后混凝土的抗拉强度总体上比自然冷却后的低.养护龄期越短,高温作用后混凝土的抗拉强度越低.高温作用后混凝土的抗拉强度总体上随静置时间呈先下降后上升的发展趋势,且当静置时间为28d时,混凝土的抗拉强度最低.     

受火温度和时间对喷水冷却后混凝土剩余抗压强度的影响

通过对不同受火温度和时间喷水冷却后混凝土试块剩余抗压强度的试验研究,得到高温后混凝土试块的受压破坏特征和混凝土剩余抗压强度与受火温度和受火时间的耦合关系.研究结果表明:随着受火温度的升高和受火时间的增加,喷水冷却后混凝土剩余抗压强度整体上呈逐步降低的趋势;但在受火温度较低(θ≤500℃)或受火时间t较短(t≤100 min)时,混凝土剩余抗压强度反而有所上升,分析其原因为在较低受火温度或较短受火时间作用时,适当的高温促进了混凝土内部未水化的水泥熟料进一步水化完全,此时高温对混凝土强度的有利作用大于其分解、变形不协调等不利作用.试验建立高温后混凝土剩余抗压强度与受火温度和受火时间的计算公式,并根据抗压强度的损失比例大小对火灾的大小进行评价,将火灾分为大火((θ-20)·t·(φ)＞ 110 000)、中火(90 000＜(θ20)·t·(φ)≤110 000)和小火((θ-20)·t·φ≤90 000) 3种类型.     

不同混杂纤维掺量混凝土高温后的力学性能

通过对120多块立方体混凝土试块进行高温后力学性能试验,测定聚丙烯纤维和混杂纤维(聚丙烯纤维和钢纤维)增韧高性能混凝土的高温残余强度,研究聚丙烯纤维和混杂纤维对混凝土在800℃高温残余力学性能的影响以及不同含量的钢纤维对混杂纤维混凝土高温性能的影响.实验结果表明:800℃后混杂纤维混凝土残余抗压强度剩余54%,抗拉强度剩余32%,钢纤维能有效提高高性能混凝土的残余强度,聚丙烯纤维对高性能混凝土残余力学性能的影响很小.     

高温后掺纳米CaCO_3混凝土劈裂抗拉性能研究

为研究不同高温后掺纳米碳酸钙(NC)混凝土的劈裂抗拉性能,进行了不同NC掺量(0%、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%和3.0%)混凝土的高温试验,对分别采用自然冷却和喷水冷却方式后的NC混凝土进行了加载试验.分析了温度、NC掺量及冷却方式等对混凝土劈裂抗拉强度的影响.结果表明:随着受热温度的增加,NC混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度逐渐降低.在混凝土中添加适量的NC可以改善混凝土高温后的劈裂抗拉性能.不同的冷却方式对NC混凝土劈裂抗拉强度有不同的影响:高温(尤其是400℃以上)后采用喷水冷却的混凝土静置两周后,其劈裂抗拉强度均高于采用自然冷却后的劈裂抗拉强度.同时,800℃后,自然冷却的NC混凝土试块在室内放置两周后多数发生自行坍塌情况,几乎完全丧失强度.研究结果可为进一步开展纳米混凝土高温后的其它力学性能和耐久性能提供参考.     

高温喷水冷却后钢管高强混凝土轴压性能研究

为揭示高温喷水冷却后钢管高强混凝土的轴压性能,以历经温度、冷却方式、恒温时长和混凝土强度等级为变化参数,设计了20个钢管高强混凝土短柱试件,进行高温喷水冷却后的静力单调轴心受压试验.观察高温喷水冷却后试件及试块的表观变化和破坏形态,分析各变化参数对高温喷水冷却后钢管高强混凝土轴压性能的影响规律,给出了极限承载力计算公式.研究结果表明:随着历经温度的升高,钢管试件表观由浅褐色转变为黑色,试块由青色转变为灰白色;钢管试件极限承载力先升高后降低,而试块承载力逐步降低;钢管试件的力学性能指标随恒温时长的增加呈波动式增长的变化趋势;喷水冷却可以提高试件的力学性能;混凝土强度等级越高的试件力学性能指标表现越好;基于中国规范提出的高温喷水冷却后钢管高强混凝土柱轴压极限承载力计算公式有较好的适用性.     

高温后横向压力对带肋钢筋与高强混凝土间粘结的影响

配制C100高强混凝土,分别浇筑成混凝土立方体抗压试块和特制的黏结试块.对立方体试块和黏结试块进行200,300,400,500,600℃的高温试验,测量不同温度经历下高强混凝土的残余抗压强度和基于损伤的黏结强度,并分析横压力与黏结强度的关系.对高温后高强混凝土的表观特征和带肋钢筋与高强混凝土黏结强度的退化机理进行研究,为火灾后高强混凝土结构鉴定及加固提供技术支持和理论依据.     

高强混凝土高温后的红外热像检测

为研究高强混凝土遭遇火灾后产生的损伤破坏情况,根据红外热像检测原理,对高温作用后的素混凝土和聚丙烯纤维混凝土进行红外检测,并进行了抗压强度试验。通过对试验结果的分析计算,建立了掺聚丙烯纤维前后的高强混凝土试块红外热像平均温升与受火温度和抗压强度损失率的关系。分析结果表明,随受火温度的升高,素混凝土和聚丙烯纤维混凝土的红外热像平均温升基本上处于上升趋势,而抗压强度降低,500℃时强度损失率达到50%,600℃以后,聚丙烯纤维混凝土的强度损失率更是达到75%左右,表明试块损伤趋于严重。通过建立平均温升与受火温度、抗压强度比之间的回归方程,可鉴定火灾后混凝土的火灾温度、结构损伤程度,有利于及时修复灾后建筑物。     

高温对高强度水泥砂浆强度影响的试验研究

对高强度等级水泥砂浆在经历不同温度（150℃、300℃、450℃、600℃）、不同冷却方式（喷水与自然冷却）后的力学性能进行了试验,研究了高温对高强度水泥砂浆力学性能的影响规律。结果表明：高强度等级水泥砂浆抗压强度随受热温度的升高而逐渐降低,当温度在300℃以下时,强度下降较静;温度在450℃以上时,强度下降明显。冷却方式对砂浆抗压强度退化影响较为明显,相同受火温度,喷水冷却后的砂浆强度低于自然冷却后的砂浆强度。并得出不同冷却方式、不同强度等级水泥砂浆高温后抗压强度退化的公式。     

高温后方钢管全再生混凝土短柱轴压试验研究

为了研究不同冷却方式下高温后方钢管全再生混凝土短柱的轴压力学性能,设计制作9根短柱试件依次进行高温试验和轴心受压试验,探讨历经温度(20℃、200℃、400℃、600℃、800℃)和冷却方式(自然冷却、喷水冷却)对轴压破坏形态、极限承载力、初始刚度、刚度退化及延性的影响。试验结果表明:试件最终破坏形态为钢管撕裂和钢管鼓曲斜压破坏;高温作用后试件极限承载力降低较为显著,但受自然冷却和喷水冷却的影响不明显;试件初始刚度随温度的升高而不断降低,喷水冷却作用对试件初始刚度有二次削弱;试件刚度退化曲线经历了平台段、快速下降段、平缓下降段、平稳段,冷却方式对试件刚度退化的影响不大;试件的延性随温度的升高呈先降低后升高的趋势,喷水冷却作用会降低试件的延性。     

高性能混凝土高温后残余抗折强度研究

完成了127块100 mm×100 mm×515 mm混凝土棱柱体试块在20~900℃条件下的高温试验和高温后的弯折试验.以C40普通混凝土作为参照,考察了C50,C80和C100高性能混凝土棱柱体试块在火灾中的特点;通过对强度等级、外掺聚丙烯纤维和外掺矿渣与硅灰等因素的对比,分析了高性能混凝土高温后残余抗折强度与经历温度之间的相互关系;提出了高性能混凝土高温后残余抗折强度与经历温度间统计公式.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to