飞机的结冰与防（除）冰

在现代运输机的飞行中,飞机常常会遇到结冰的情况,而这些结冰通常发生在飞机的迎风部位如风挡、机尾翼前缘、螺旋桨、发动机进气道、空速管等部位,结冰后飞机阻力增加,升力减小,并增大了失速速度,这使飞行安全裕度大幅度减小。     

翼挂副油箱对颤振特性影响分析

机翼下面加挂副油箱可增加飞机的航程和续航时间;但会导致机翼弯扭频率降低,致使机翼颤振临界速度下降。以某型运输机翼加挂副油箱为例,设计制造了缩比颤振模型;并建立了有限元模型。通过理论数值分析和模型风洞试验,研究了副油箱油量和悬挂系统刚度的变化对颤振特性的影响。研究表明加挂副油箱后机翼颤振速度明显下降,副油箱在25%燃油时颤振速度达到最低;而改变悬挂系统刚度对颤振速度没有影响。     

结冰风洞高度模拟能力评估

飞机结冰是飞行实践中广泛存在的一种现象,也是造成飞行安全事故的主要隐患之一.结冰风洞是开展飞机结冰研究的重要设备,通过在结冰风洞内制造结冰气象条件,对真实结冰现象进行模拟.本文针对飞机结冰主要发生在从地面到7 000 m高度的大气环境之内这一客观情况,对设计中的某型结冰风洞是否能够在地面模拟高空低压环境下的结冰问题进行了研究,以决定该风洞是否需配置调压设备.采用结冰试验相似准则对该风洞的高度模拟能力进行了评估,考查了温度、水滴直径、液态水含量及速度等参数的设计指标是否满足模拟高空结冰的试验要求.研究发现.试验模型缩比是限制结冰风洞模拟水滴直径和液态水含量能力的主要因素,高度的增加不会导致对水滴直径和液态水含量的模拟超过风洞的设计能力;只要采用不小于0.1的模型缩比进行试验,即使不增加调压设备,以现有的温度、水滴直径、液态水含量以及速度等参数的设计指标,该风洞也具备了模拟7 000m膏度飞机结冰的能力.     

T型尾翼布局飞机平尾载荷校准技术研究

通过对T型尾翼布局飞机平尾结构分析,简化结构受载情况,利用研制的平尾卡板对某型机平尾进行载荷校准。通过该技术,无需搭建大高度承力架及使用复杂的加载设备,仅人工地面操作即可完成载荷校准试验,降低了该类型机平尾载荷校准试验的难度、风险和成本。     

基于曲面重构的飞机三维结冰数值模拟计算

在飞机结冰数值模拟中,采用多时间步长法可以准确模拟实际结冰情况。首先给出了三维结冰数值模拟方法,通过求解N-S方程计算空气流场、采用欧拉法计算水滴轨迹、求解质量和能量守恒方程计算结冰增长。对结冰后的结果数据进行重组,建立新的拓扑关系,采用非均匀双三次B样条曲面重构算法重构冰形曲面,得到几何模型,实现飞机三维结冰的多时间步长数值模拟。比较了单时间步长和多时间步长的计算结果;并与冰风洞试验数据及LEWICE预测数据进行对比,分析了不同时间步长对结冰外形的影响,得到了表面水收集系数随着时间的变化规律。结果表明,随着时间步长的不断缩小,水收集系数在机翼上表面不断增加,影响冰形的增长。时间步长越小,计算结果越接近试验数据,验证了曲面重构算法的正确性,说明多时间步长在结冰数值模拟方法中的优越性。     

颤振系统中一个特殊的几何缩比效应

颤振是弹性结构在气流中发生的一种动力学不稳定现象,确定颤振系统的颤振临界速度和颤振频率是颤振分析的主要目的.数值分析和模型试验是确定系统颤振特性的两个主要手段.本文根据相似理论的第二定理,通过量纲分析证明,对于任何线性颤振系统,在结构材料保持不变的情况下,几何尺寸放大或者缩小n倍,颤振系统的固有振动频率和颤振频率相应的缩小或者放大n倍,而颤振临界速度保持不变.通过简支均匀梁和四边简支板的固有频率公式以及曲壁板颤振临界速度和颤振频率的数值算例,验证了该结论.颤振系统这种特殊的几何缩比效应揭示了在模型风洞颤振实验中,由于要对颤振临界速度进行缩比设计,因此必须使用与原型结构不同属性的材料.     

基于FENSAP的冰积聚模拟分析

飞机积冰是飞机在积冰气象条件下飞行时,大气中的液态水在部件表面冻结并积聚成冰的物理过程。结冰不仅增加飞机重量,而且破坏翼型的气动外形,导致阻力增加、升力下降、失速迎角减小,严重降低飞机稳定性和操纵性。基于FENSAP-ICE,采用数值模拟的手段,对二维翼型的结冰过程进行了研究,为分析结冰对飞机性能的影响、确定防护范围,进行飞机防/除冰系统设计提供理论基础。     

V形尾翼无人机喷流对纵向气动影响数值模拟

研究了类似全球鹰的V形尾翼无人机与发动机喷流之间的干扰.采用有限体积法,求解全三维N-S方程,对进气道和喷口的内流场与全机外流场进行一体化数值模拟,给出了有、无喷流情况下在不同高度、马赫数、迎角以及相应发动机工作状态下的纵向气动特性,分析了喷流的干扰效应对飞机外流场造成的影响,从计算结果看,发动机喷流对飞机纵向气动力特性和力矩特性都有一定量的影响.这些可以作为V型尾翼无人机和发动机气动布局设计的参考.     

飞机抑制操纵舵面颤振的方法研究

飞机操纵面颤振是飞机颤振领域里最复杂的部分,在所发生的颤振事故中,操纵面颤振最为常见,但进行操纵面颤振分析,在模型简化、气功力计算等方面存在一定难度。本文结合某型飞机的研制过程,针对某型飞机在地面试验过程中出现主操纵舵面方向舵与其方向舵机械备份作动器舵面发生颤振现象,通过比较仿真结果和试验结果,提出几种解决方案,来抑制消除方向舵的耦合振荡。     

静不安定飞机缩比模型跨声速颤振试验技术

全机缩比模型跨声速颤振试验是飞行器气弹设计验证工作的重要环节,借助该试验可研究跨声速区空气压缩性效应,并有效获得飞行器的跨声速颤振边界。通过总结、梳理多次部件级跨声速颤振试验研究经验,并基于某型翼身模态高度耦合的静不安定飞机全模试验研究,较全面地阐述了目前全模跨声速颤振模型设计、地面试验及风洞试验技术,可供工程应用借鉴。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.