自动化车床刀具检测更换数学模型

将两次预防性更换刀具的生产过程作为一个生产周期，以周期内生产单位个合格零件各种损失费之和的期望作为目标函数，并利用计算机求得结果，对问题3，采用等概率不等间隔的检查方式,得到了模型的优化解。     

退化设备预防维修策略研究

运用故障率衰减模式对退化设备的预防维修策略进行研究,建立了一种新的预防维修模型。考虑到故障小修对整个预防维修时间的影响,引入了设备完好率的概念,以单周期内的设备完好率为约束条件,建立了一个以设备更新周期内单位时间平均维修费用为目标函数的优化模型,来求解使维修费用最低的最优预防维修周期以及最优预防维修次数。运用MATLAB软件进行了数值验证,验证结果表明模型可以有效地找出在不同设备完好率要求下的最优预防维修策略。     

基于刀具磨损状态识别的加工参数多目标优化

在数控铣削过程中,刀具磨损对机床主轴能耗影响很大,同时与刀具加工能力直接相关,需适时调整加工参数以适应不同磨损状态,保证多目标综合最优.针对此问题,基于刀具磨损状态识别,根据不同磨损时期给出相应的加工参数优化策略.首先,以刀具寿命周期内的主轴功率为基础,采用粒子群优化算法(particle swarm optimization,PSO)建立考虑刀具磨损的能耗模型,平均误差低于5%,并基于与刀具磨损的强相关性,以主轴功率作为单一指标识别刀具磨损状态.进一步,为获取影响加工成本的动态性指标——刀具剩余使用寿命(remaining useful life,RUL)及相应的主轴功率,利用人工神经网络(artificial neural network,ANN)建立刀具磨损退化模型,通过描述主轴功率随时间的变化来隐含退化过程,该模型拟合度达0.992.最终,综合考虑能耗、刀具及时间成本,设计多目标优化函数,并通过遗传算法(genetic algorithm,GA)搜索函数最小值,给出不同磨损时期的最优加工参数及优化策略.此加工参数多目标优化融入了主轴功率与刀具RUL等动态指标,可依据主轴功率在线...     

一种包含非理想维修的延迟时间模型

针对延迟时间模型没有考虑维修效果对故障过程的影响的问题,根据比例役龄消减模型的假设,提出一种包含非理想维修的延迟时间模型.首先假设检测维修的效果是非理想的,而故障维修是理想的,非理想维修效果会影响下一个维修过程中的缺陷及故障的瞬时发生率.基于该假设,提出无限使用期限下平均单位时间费用模型,并利用数值模拟方法获得单位时间费用的特性.研究结果表明:非理想维修效果会增大无限使用期限下平均单位时间费用;当检测维修效果接近理想维修时,存在一个最优检测周期使得平均费用最小,当提高因子减小时,该最优周期不存在.     

可用度约束下2M1B生产系统设备预防维修策略优化研究

[目的]针对2M1B生产系统,提出了一种可用度约束条件下的设备预防维修模型,以预防维修周期和缓冲区库存量为自变量,以系统最低可用度要求为约束条件,以周期内单位时间总成本最小为优化目标,获得系统最优预防性维修周期以及最佳的缓冲区库存量.[方法]首先,针对2M1B生产系统的上游设备,通过更新酬劳理论计算设备周期内平均总维修费用;其次,通过分析缓冲区内库存的变化,得到周期内缓冲区库存的持有费用和缺货费用,建立系统周期内总费用模型;最后,在系统最低可用度要求的约束条件下,运用离散迭代对模型优化求解,得到最优预防性维修周期以及最佳缓冲区库存.[结果]通过案例分析,验证了模型的有效性.[结论]所建立的模型对2M1B生产系统确定最优预防维护周期和最佳缓冲库存是有效且实用的.     

基于延迟时间理论的设备点检周期模型

为了解决传统设备点检周期依靠经验进行判定、缺乏理论支持的问题,提出了设备点检周期模型。基于延迟时间理论,以设备潜在故障以及P-F间隔为基础,建立了区分设备初始点检间隔期与重复点检间隔期的设备两阶段点检周期模型,以单位时间设备运行平均费用最小为决策目标,确定最佳的设备点检周期。所建立的点检周期模型适用于设备精密点检及解体点检周期决策问题。给出了模型实际应用算例,验证了点检周期决策模型的有效性。     

延迟修理的修理工单重休假可修系统更换模型研究

针对一类新型单部件退化可修系统,利用概率论等数学知识建立了维修更换模型.在两种策略(工作寿命T和故障次数N)下分别求出了系统经长期运行单位时间内期望效益的表达式,并通过数值例子验证了该方法的有效性.     

基于优化粒子群算法对智能RGV动态调度的研究

针对单轨直形穿梭车RGV(Rail Guided Vehicle)的动态调度策略,以单位周期8 h内加工数目最多为目标,分别对一道、两道工序及故障系统进行仿真模拟分析。在此基础上,运用粒子群优化算法、最短路径TSP(Traveling Salesman Problem)遗传算法对正常工作情况下一道、两道工序加工系统建立调度方案,同时利用概率函数法在故障情况下建立可修排队系统,最后利用MATLAB进行故障仿真,得到3组参数在不同故障率的系统作业效率,从而为RGV动态调度提供了最优CNC(Computer numerical control)加工循环序列。     

R&D项目周期和费用的随机网络模拟

本文针对R&D项目的特点 ,首先探讨了利用随机网络技术建立项目仿真模型的步骤和方法 ,并给出了一个典型的R&D项目的随机网络模型 ;随后 ,研究了随机网络模型的模拟求解问题 ,通过编制专用软件 ,对所建立的模型进行了模拟求解 ,获得了项目周期和费用的概率分布和各种统计特征值 ;最后对求解结果进行了讨论分析 ,并对项目的周期和费用进行了统计推断 ,从而为项目周期和费用的决策和控制提供了定量化的参考依据     

最小耗费切割序问题

针对在加工费用尽可能少的条件下合理安排切割次序问题,相继建立了基本模型和改进模型,基本模型简单,有效,在不考虑调整刀具所需费用的情况下,对所有合法输入的数据均能求出最优切割次序．改进模型在基本模型的基础上加进了对调整刀具费用的考虑,通过对各种情况的分析得到一种对调整刀具费用的任一确定值都能得到最优切割次序的方法．这两种模型的解决方案均已在计算机上实现．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.