稀土Ce对Al-5Ti-0.5Mg-0.15Gd合金微观组织和细化行为的影响

研究了稀土Ce添加量对Al-5Ti-0.5Mg-0.15Gd中间合金微观组织和细化行为的影响,结果表明:Al-5Ti-0.5Mg-0.15Gd中间合金基体上分布着条状的TiAl_3相,径向尺寸为10-200μm,轴向尺寸为30-40μm;当Ce加入量为0.5%时,Al-5Ti-0.5Mg-0.15Gd中的TiAl_3相尺寸明显降低,并随着Ce含量增加,TiAl_3相尺寸进一步降低,当Ce加入量增至1.5%时,细化剂中的TiAl_3颗粒相变得更加细小,并在轴向上发生离断;与Al-5Ti相比,Al-5Ti-0.5Mg-0.15Gd-1.5Ce对Al-7Si合金的α-Al细化更显著,并对合金中的共晶硅也有细化作用.     

CeO_2原矿制备含Ce稀土镁合金的组织和性能

将一定比例CeO2和精炼剂混合,在精炼过程中溶入到AM50镁合金中,制备成含Ce稀土镁合金。结果表明,当稀土的添加量为0.8wt%时,晶粒细化程度达到最大,有较多的Al11Ce3相析出,镁合金的抗拉强度和延伸率性能达到最好;当超过0.8wt%时,晶粒开始粗化,有更多的针状Al11Ce3相析出,镁合金力学性能会从高点下降。     

Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-(Sc)合金的显微组织与腐蚀性能

采用铸锭冶金工艺,制备不同钪含量的Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金.通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、晶间腐蚀及剥落腐蚀等实验方法,研究钪对Al-5.3Cu-0.8Mg-0.6Ag合金的组织和腐蚀性能影响.结果表明:添加0.3%～0.5% Sc可明显细化铸态合金的晶粒,平均晶粒尺寸从300 μm降低到60 μm,而添加0.1%～0.3% Sc有助于提高挤压态合金抗腐蚀性能.但当添加0.5% Sc时,合金中形成粗大的Al3(Sc, Zr)稀土化合物相,导致合金的抗蚀性能降低.     

超声铸造对AZ31镁合金铸锭及热轧板材组织与性能的影响

采用超声铸造方法制备AZ31镁合金铸锭,并对其组织性能进行研究.研究结果表明:超声铸造后AZ31合金铸锭晶粒尺寸平均值为140 μm,比常规铸造的铸锭品粒尺寸350 μm更细小,同时合金中第二相分布更加均匀弥散,这使合金铸锭的综合力学件能提高并有利于后续铸锭的热轧开坯.经过超声铸造的AZ31镁合金热轧后板材的品粒尺寸(5～30 μm)也比常规铸造锭坯热轧板材晶粒尺寸(40～60 μm)要细小,这使超声铸造AZ31镁合金热轧后板材的典型力学性能比常规铸造后热轧的合金板材的好,抗拉强度提高约18％,伸长率相当;超声铸造有利于细化AZ31镁合金晶粒,改善第二相在枝晶间的分布,提高合金的力学性能和加工变形能力.     

Ce对耐热铝导体材料铸态组织和性能的影响

采用电阻率测试、硬度测试、金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察等方法,研究添加不同含量稀土Ce对铸态耐热铝导体材料Al-0.15Zr合金的影响。研究结果表明:Ce能净化基体,与杂质相形成金属间化合物,改变杂质相的形态和分布;添加适量的Ce,显著细化了晶粒和枝晶组织,有利于导电性和强度的提高;随着Ce加入量的增大,晶粒细化效果更好;当Ce含量(质量分数)超过0.3%以后,二次枝晶间距继续减小,但晶粒尺寸细化不明显;当Ce含量为0.3%和0.4%时,Al-0.15Zr合金的导电性和强度均达到最大值。     

CaCO3在AZ31镁合金中的细化效果及机理

用CaCO3作细化剂研究了对AZ31镁合金凝固组织的影响.结果表明:在AZ31中添加质量分数为0.5%的CaCO3,在760℃保温10 min后细化效果最佳,α-Mg晶粒的尺寸由基体合金的570μm降至209μm,降幅约63.3%.通过能谱分析、结合能和自由能的计算证实,细化机理是CaCO3反应后生成Al4C3,其中部分Al4C3质点作为异质核心,使晶粒细化,其余的Al4C3质点钉扎晶界也阻碍了晶粒长大.Al元素随固/液界面前沿被快速推至晶界,生成沿晶界生长的β-Mg17Al12相,起到进一步固定晶界的作用.合金元素的分布均有改变.     

AZ31镁合金的研究进展

综述了AZ31镁合金基本特征，讨论了主要合金元素对AZ31镁合金组织和性能的影响、AZ31镁合金的力学性能以及AZ31镁合金的晶粒细化、超塑性的研究现状，对AZ31镁合金的发展前景进行分析，指出应加强其成形技术、镁基复合材料和AZ31镁合金基础理论的研究．     

添加钨和稀土元素对TiAl合金性能的影响

采用机械合金化结合粉末冶金技术制备Ti-44.7Al、Ti-44.7Al-xW、Ti-44.7Al-xLa-yCe合金材料,采用透射电镜和金相显微镜研究不同W、La、Ce添加量对机械合金化TiAl基合金的显微组织的影响,并对合金的力学性能进行测试.研究表明,在不添加任何元素时TiAl合金颗粒的平均尺寸为30～60 μm,但添加微量稀土元素La、Ce对TiAl基合金的细化作用非常明显,其平均尺寸为20 μm;通过机械合金化在TiAl基合金系统中添加微量W元素会形成新的固溶体相,这种新成分相大大提高TiAl基合金的抗弯强度σb,当W添加量为1.0%时,σb达到峰值,随后随着W原子数分数的增加,抗弯强度降低;TiAl合金的抗弯强度σb开始随着稀土元素La的增加而增加,在0.5%原子数分数处达到峰值,然后强度随稀土原子数分数的继续增加而下降;而合金的强度却随添加Ce的原子数分数的增加而直线下降,同时添加W的TiAl合金的强度高于加稀土La、Ce的TiAl合金的强度.     

Mg-xSn合金的显微组织、热导率及力学性能研究

研究了在镁中加入不同含量的Sn之后合金的显微组织、热导率和力学性能的变化规律。实验表明,在镁中加入Sn的含量小于5 wt%时,晶粒得到细化,当Sn含量大于5 wt%时,晶粒会出现粗化现象;当Sn含量增多时,合金中的第二相Mg_2Sn相逐渐增加并在晶界处逐渐连成网状。随Sn含量升高,合金的热导率逐渐下降,由Sn含量1 wt%时的141.58 W/m·K下降到Sn含量9 wt%时的65.94W/m·K.合金的极限抗拉强度和伸长率均随Sn含量增加先提高后降低,且在Sn含量5 wt%时达到最大值,分别为150.23 MPa和8.7%.     

变形参数对AZ31镁合金变形抗力的影响

利用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机对AZ31镁合金在变形温度为250～400℃、变形速率为0.5～3.0s-1下进行热变形模拟实验,得到了AZ31镁合金真实应力-真实应变曲线,并通过光学显微镜观察了试样在变形中的微观组织.结果表明,动态再结晶是该实验条件下晶粒细化的主要机制,变形参数影响了再结晶的程度.     

B和Gd复合微合金化对AZ91镁合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)及X射线衍射分析对添加微量B和稀土元素Gd的AZ91镁合金的显微组织及相组成进行了研究,并对其室温力学性能进行了测试。结果表明,AZ91镁合金中添加Gd后,Gd与Al形成杆状或块状的Al_2Gd化合物相。含Gd的质量分数为1.0%时,铸态合金的拉伸强度为207.8 MPa,相对未加Gd时提升了27.9%。AZ91镁合金复合添加B和Gd后,合金组织发生明显的变化,在减少Gd含量的基础上添加B,可达到用微量B代替部分Gd对AZ91的强化效果。对比单一添加Gd的铸态AZ91镁合金,在达到相同力学性能的情况下,(B+Gd)复合微合金化的AZ91镁合金的Gd添加量质量分数降低了19%,从而降低了成本。     

Effect of Sr addition on the grain refinement of AZ31 magnesium alloys

The grain refinement mechanisms of Sr in the AZ31 magnesium alloys were studied by both phase diagram calculation and experimental analysis.The influence of Sr content on the solute distribution coefficients of Al and Zn during solidification was investigated in order to find out whether Sr addition can enhance the grain refinement efficiency brought by Al and Zn.The results showed that Sr addition can promote the segregation in liquid phases for both Al and Zn during solidification,therefore enhance the grain refinement effects by Al and Zn in AZ31 magnesium alloys.And the effect of Sr addition on the solute distribution coefficients for Al is larger than that of Zn.Sr addition can improve the GRF values by itself and also improve the GRF values of Al and Zn to the AZ31 magnesium alloys,and the grains are refined consequently.     

Effect of minor Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

The as-cast and heat-treated microstructures and mechanical properties of the AZ91 magnesium alloys with and without minor Sc addition were investigated and compared in this paper. The results indicated that adding0.15–0.45 wt% Sc to the as-cast AZ91 alloy not only could modify and refine the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase but also suppress the formation of the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase. At the same time, the grains of the Sc-containing as-cast AZ91 alloys were also effectively refined. As a result, the mechanical properties at room temperature(RT) for the Sccontaining as-cast AZ91 alloys were effectively improved. In addition, adding 0.15–0.45 wt%Sc to the AZ91 alloy promoted the formation of the continuous precipitates(CP) during the aging treatment in spite of that the formation of the discontinuous precipitates(DP) was simultaneously suppressed. Accordingly, the Sc-containing as-aged AZ91 alloys obtained the relatively higher mechanical properties at RT than the as-aged AZ91 alloy.     

Effect of Sc addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of 1460 alloy

The effect of minor addition of Sc on microstructure,age hardening behavior,tensile properties and fracture morphology of 1460 alloy have been studied. It is found that Sc content increase from 0.11 wt% to 0.22 wt% is favorable for grain refinement in as-cast alloy but results in a coarsening of Cu-rich particles. The alloy with 0.11 wt% Sc exhibits enhanced mechanical properties and age hardening effect. Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) investigations on the alloy with 0.11 wt% Sc have suggested that a large amount of Al3(Sc,Zr) particles precipitated at the earlier aging may inhibit recrystallization effectively.     

Si和Sb对AZ31合金铸态显微组织和力学性能的影响

运用光学金相（0M）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）结合电子拉伸实验研究了0～1．5wt％Si和0—1．5wt％Sb对AZ31合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：Si能够细化AZ31合金组织,但生成的Mg2Si相极易呈现汉字状形貌,降低合金的力学性能11而Sb的加入,可以改善Mg2Si的形貌,同时细化合金显微组织,有助于合金室温力学性能的提高。当AZ31合金加入0．5wt％Si和1．0wt％Sb后,力学性能达到最佳,在保证合金延伸率不变的情况下,抗拉强度达到185MPa,比AZ31合金提高了23．5％．     

热处理对含Y元素AZ31镁合金板材组织和性能的影响

对含Y元素AZ31镁合金板材进行退火处理后的组织和性能进行了研究.结果表明:随着退火温度的升高,镁合金晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,力学性能略有提高然后降低;退火时间对镁合金晶粒尺寸影响不大;在300℃下退火1 h后板材性能达到最佳,抗拉强度为255 MPa,屈服强度为170 MPa,延伸率为24%;经过热处理后镁合金断裂方式为准解理断裂和韧性断裂的复合形式.     

基于三点支撑法镁合金刚度特性的实验研究

镁合金的弯曲刚度是其工程应用的重要考核指标之一.通过三点支撑法分别研究了厚度为2.16mm与3.66mm的AZ31和AZ31B镁合金板的杨氏模量及弯曲刚度.结果表明,AZ31和AZ31B镁合金的杨氏模量和弯曲刚度相差不大.杨氏模量的值介于41.74~45.1GPa之间,弯曲刚度的值介于28.4~30.8GPa之间.对与3.66mm厚镁合金试件具有相同面密度的铝合金和钢质试件做了相同的研究,结果表明,镁合金板具有更高的抗弯系数.同时AZ31镁合金的比刚度为钢板比刚度的93.2%,比铝合金板高20.6%,AZ31B的比刚度比AZ31的略低.因此,镁合金是最合适的轻量化设计材料.     

Influence of CO2 laser welding parameters on the microstructure, metallurgy, and mechanical properties of Mg-Al alloys

This study investigated the microstructural characteristics, metallurgy, microhardness, and tensile strength of AZ31 and AZ61 magnesium alloy weldments, fabricated in a CO₂ laser welding process with the adjustment of various parameters. The results show that the AZ31 weldment contains equiaxed grains within the fusion zone (FZ). By contrast, the FZ of the AZ61 weldment contains refined cellular grains and the partially melted zone (PMZ) contains bulk grains. We infer that the difference in aluminum content between the two magnesium alloys results in different supercooling rates and solid grain structures. For both weldments, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) decreases following the CO₂ laser welding process. However, no significant difference is noted between the UTS of the two weldments, suggesting that tensile strength is insensitive to the Al content of the magnesium alloy. The CO₂ laser welding process is shown to increase the microhardness of both magnesium alloys. Furthermore, grain refinement is responsible for the maximum hardness in the FZ of both weldments. The AZ61 weldment has a higher content of Al, resulting in a greater grain refinement.