水热法制备硫化镉-氧化石墨烯复合物及其电化学性能研究

采用Hummers法以鳞片状石墨粉为原料制备了还原氧化石墨烯,并用水热法使其与硫化镉复合,制得还原氧化石墨烯与纳米硫化镉的复合物.采用X-射线衍射、扫描电镜、能量弥散X射线谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱等多种现代测试方法对还原氧化石墨烯、还原氧化石墨烯与纳米硫化镉复合物的结构和形貌进行了表征,并使用电化学工作站测试其电化学性能.     

还原氧化石墨烯中钾离子的电化学嵌入/脱出性能研究

采用修正Hammers法成功合成了氧化石墨烯,并且通过热还原的方法成功制备了还原氧化石墨烯.采用SEM和AFM方法表征了该方法合成的氧化石墨烯的形貌以及厚度,发现该氧化石墨烯为厚度约为1 nm、大小为几十微米的不规则片状结构.采用X射线光电子能谱对氧化石墨烯及还原氧化石墨烯进行了C1s和O1s谱线分析,证实该热还原方法还原效果明显.采用电化学方法研究了在还原氧化石墨烯中钾离子的嵌入/脱出行为,发现当电流为100 m A/g时,还原氧化石墨烯的嵌钾容量为120 m Ah/g.     

高电化学性能三维网状氮掺杂石墨烯的制备

以氧化石墨烯(GO)为原料,三聚氰胺为还原剂和氮掺杂剂,经过水热法制备出了氮掺杂石墨烯(NRG)三维网络.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、氮气吸脱附分析和电化学表征等测试手段对样品的形貌、结构和电化学性能进行表征.结果表明:三聚氰胺在水热的条件下有效地将GO还原并实现氮掺杂,三聚氰胺将氧化石墨烯还原之后,使得石墨烯之间的相互作用力增强,从而使石墨烯搭建出三维网络结构,其氮含量可达4.37%.电化学测试表明,当GO与三聚氰胺质量比为1∶2(NRG-2)时,在1A/g时其最大比电容值达到了296F/g,这个比电容值高于其他不同GO与三聚氰胺质量比所制备出的氮掺杂石墨烯的比电容值.NRG-2还显示出优良的循环寿命,经过1 000次恒电流充放电循环后比电容保留量为88.5%.     

石墨烯/纳米纤维素/亚甲基蓝修饰电极的电化学行为研究

采用电化学还原法在玻碳电极上直接制备了石墨烯/亚甲基蓝(GR/MB)﹑石墨烯/纳米纤维素(GR/NCC)﹑石墨烯/纳米纤维素/亚甲基蓝(GR/NCC/MB)修饰电极,研究了不同修饰电极的循环伏安行为.研究表明:相比GR/MB电极,GR/NCC/MB修饰电极对亚甲基蓝的电化学活性要高,氧化还原峰电流值可达4~5倍.其扫速的平方根与峰电流成线性关系.当石墨烯与纳米纤维素的质量比达到1.00∶4.60到1.00∶5.75时电化学活性最高.纳米纤维素和电化学还原的石墨烯通过协同作用增加亚甲基蓝的吸附能力,从而使GR/NCC/MB修饰电极表现出优异的电化学性能.     

电化学还原石墨烯用于水合肼的电催化氧化及检测

采用电化学还原技术制备了还原石墨烯.采用扫描电镜、Raman光谱、AFM等技术表征了石墨烯的形貌和结构特征.采用电化学测试技术研究了还原石墨烯修饰电极的电化学性能及对水合肼(N_2H_4·H_2O)的电催化氧化活性.结果表明,该石墨烯电极材料具有优异的电子传导性能.与裸玻碳电极相比,石墨烯修饰电极对水合肼表现出优异的电催化氧化活性.在最佳的实验条件下,将该石墨烯修饰电极用于水合肼的灵敏检测.在1×10~(-5)~1×10~(-4) mol/L范围内,氧化峰电流与水合肼的浓度呈良好的线性关系.该石墨烯修饰电极材料有望用于环境中水合肼等有机小分子的灵敏检测.     

电化学法制备石墨烯及其性能表征

在0.2 mol·L氯化胆碱体系下以电化学法剥离石墨箔得到石墨烯,采用高分辨透射电子显微镜、扫描隧道电子显微镜、红外光谱、拉曼光谱等方法研究了所得到的石墨烯的形貌与结构.结果表明:所得的产物最薄仅为2～4层,多数为6～8层,并且具有较好的完整性,无明显团聚与褶皱.与氧化还原法相比结构缺陷及氧化官能团含量明显降低.将石墨烯制成无支撑石墨烯薄膜,测量其导电性可知在其面密度为0.5 mg·cm时其方块电阻仅为19.3 Ω/□,显示出良好的导电性能.     

聚苯胺纳米纤维@还原氧化石墨烯纳米卷复合材料的制备及其在超级电容器中的应用

针对聚苯胺作为赝电容超级电容器电极材料时存在循环稳定性差的问题,设计利用还原氧化石墨烯纳米卷包裹聚苯胺纳米纤维.采用高沸点有机溶剂辅助冷冻干燥法制备了聚苯胺纳米纤维@还原氧化石墨烯纳米卷复合材料,利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、能谱分析仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱以及X-射线衍射等对该复合材料的形貌、组成和结构进行表征,并采用循环伏安、恒流充放电、电化学阻抗等方法对其电容性能进行研究.结果表明,利用高沸点有机溶剂辅助冷冻干燥法能够成功将聚苯胺纳米纤维包裹进氧化石墨烯纳米卷中,最终将氧化石墨烯还原后得到聚苯胺纳米纤维@还原氧化石墨烯纳米卷复合材料;该复合材料经过5 000次循环充放电后电容量保持率达到75%;当复合材料中的聚苯胺纳米纤维质量分数为67%时,该复合材料在2.2A/g的电流密度下,质量比电容达到639F/g,表现出优异的电容性能.     

三维炭/还原氧化石墨烯纳米片的制备及其电化学性能

采用水热合成法,将间苯二酚甲醛树脂涂覆在还原氧化石墨烯片层上,经冷冻干燥及炭化后构筑三维炭/还原氧化石墨烯纳米片。使用SEM、TEM、FTIR、XPS等对样品的形貌与结构进行表征,利用循环伏安、恒流充放电及电化学阻抗法测试了样品的电化学性能。结果表明,间苯二酚甲醛树脂成功将还原氧化石墨烯片包覆,二者构筑的三维炭/还原氧化石墨烯复合纳米片厚度为25nm;当循环伏安测试扫描速率为20mV/s时,三维炭/还原氧化石墨烯纳米片电极材料的比电容分别为还原氧化石墨烯与间苯二酚甲醛树脂炭电极材料相应值的1.8和2.8倍;在0.2A/g的充电电流密度下,三维炭/还原氧化石墨烯纳米片电极材料比电容为154.4F/g。     

石墨烯-CdS的制备及在光电化学检测Cu~(2+)中的应用

通过一步溶剂热法制备了石墨烯-CdS复合材料(GR-CdS),并通过XRD、TEM、HRTEM等测试手段对其进行表征.结果表明CdS纳米颗粒的生成和氧化石墨烯的还原同时发生,CdS纳米颗粒分布在石墨烯的表面.实验中还探讨了氧化石墨烯的用量对复合材料光电性能的影响.实验结果证明氧化石墨烯的用量为10mg时,复合材料具有较好的光电活性(GR10-CdS).因此GR10-CdS修饰到导电玻璃表面作为光电化学传感器检测Cu2+,线性检测范围为10~80μmol/L,信噪比为3时传感器的检测限是9.5nmol/L,而且该光电化学传感器表现出很好的选择性.     

石墨烯/ZnSe纳米复合物的制备及电化学发光性质

将还原的氧化石墨烯加入合成的ZnSe纳米粒子溶液中,在超声作用下形成石墨烯/ZnSe纳米复合物.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等分析测试手段对所得产物的形貌、晶型进行了表征,测试了所得产物的紫外吸收光谱和电化学发光行为,研究了影响复合物电化学发光性质的因素,探讨了复合物分析应用的可行性.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to