湖北地区啮齿动物分布及地理区划研究

湖北地区已发现啮齿动物49种,其中东洋界种类24种,占49.0%;古北界种类17种,占34.7%;广布两界的种类8种,占16.3%.与贵州、湖南、江西和河南地区的啮齿动物区系比较,认为湖北地区啮齿动物区系应划归东洋界.     

鄂尔多斯高原沙地啮齿动物群落资源利用研究Ⅰ--空间资源维利用研究

根据1995年在鄂尔多斯高原库布其沙地不同生境类型上鼠类构成、植被以及土壤因子的调查结果,以对应分析排序(COA)技术分析了沙地啮齿动物群落结构与环境因子的关系,以Levins生态位宽度指数和Petraitis种群生态位重叠指数对常见啮齿动物种群空间生态位进行定量描述.结果表明:相应于该地区最典型的沙地、草甸低湿地与农田三种植被类型,相应的鼠类组成依次有三种典型构成,即固定、半固定及流动沙地基本上是以三趾跳鼠、小毛足鼠与子午沙鼠为主,草甸低湿地以五趾跳鼠、黄鼠与黑线仓鼠为主,农田及其他人工植被乃至植被条件较好的固定沙地上,以黑线仓鼠为主;三种植被类型上三类鼠的空间生态位存在较大分离.其次,三趾跳鼠、小毛足鼠与子午沙鼠是该地鼠类组成中所占比例最大的三种鼠,也是沙地生境的代表鼠种,它们较适宜的栖息生境均在沙地上,它们之间的空间资源生态位重叠程度较大.     

澜沧江中游云县景东地区哺乳动物的初步研究

澜沦江中游云县、景东地区,经考察共有哺乳动物58种,隶属8目26科50属,该地区哺乳动物区系组成特点是:东洋界种类占绝对优势,有42种,占种数的72.4％,占北界仅2种,占3.4％,广布于两界的14种,占24.1％;华南区的种类明显多于西南区的种类,有11种;食肉目及啮齿目动物种类多,共35种,占60.4％,其中食肉目19种,占32.8％,啮齿日16种,占27.6％;灵长目种类也较多,有黑长臂猿等6种;树栖种类繁多,有26种,近于总种数之半.该地区哺乳动物垂直分布较明显,可分为三个带:河谷低山带,海拔800～1500米,主要有棕果蝠、帚尾豪猪等兽类;中山带,海拔1500～2400米,常见有白尾鼹和猕猴等种类;高山带、海拔2400米以上,生活有黑长臂猿、水鹿等种类。对鼠类作了数量统计,发现黄胸鼠和小家鼠是该地区鼠类的优势种。兽类资源丰富,共有52种。     

黔中不同耕地类型土壤杂草种子库研究

对黔中地区旱地、玉米地、蔬菜地、苗圃地4种不同耕地类型的土壤杂草种子库的种子组成、数量及种子萌发过程和规律进行研究，结果表明：4种不同耕地类型土壤杂草种子库中种子共有35个种，隶属18科33属，且以草本为主，木本仅1种；旱地共有8科12属13个种，优势种为看麦娘，占该类型种子库种子数量的49．1％；玉米地共有16科23属25种，优势种为辣子草，占该类型种子库种子数量的19．6％；蔬菜地共有12科15属17个种，优势种为金色狗尾草，占该类型种子库种子数量的25．9％；苗圃地共有14科18属20个种，优势种为辣子草，占该类型种子库种子数量的34．0％．4种不同耕地土壤类型的杂草种子库种子萌发规律基本一致，均可分成3个阶段，即3月26日以前为萌发初期、3月底到4月上旬为萌发盛期、4月中旬以后为萌发缓慢增长期。     

辽宁啮齿动物区系的初步研究

啮齿动物种类多、数量大、繁殖快、分布广,不仅严重危害农林牧业,而且传播疾病,常为某些自然疫源性疾病的宿主动物,故对它们的研究一向受到重视。我国的啮齿动物已知12科60属,146种。辽宁由于缺乏系统的啮齿动物区系调查研究工作,对本省究竟有多少种啮齿动物,迄今没有一个确切的记录。1956年春,中国科学院动物所曾在辽东半岛做过调查,结果已总结到《东北兽类调查报告》一书中,伍律、董谦于1958年,1962年先后对旅大地区     

贺兰山高等真菌区系地理研究

贺兰山高等真菌区系地理成分中,世界性分布属占64．1％,种占19．5％,他们多为适应性强的腐生菌类;欧亚北美分布属占35．9％,种占52．7％,未发现热带分布的属或种,充分显示出该地区真菌以北温带分布成分为主的特点;欧亚分布种占11．5％,东亚北美分布种占9．9％,表明该地区真菌区系与欧洲,北美洲的密切联系,中国－日本分布种占3．1％,可见本地区和日本在真菌区系上也有着联系;本地区特有成分较少;但从贺兰山特殊的地理位置,相对孤立的山体和复杂的地形分析,随研究工作的深入,很可能有一些山的分布的特有分被发现,贺兰山真菌区系成分与邻近的内蒙古大青山相比较,共有种多达57种,而与地处亚热带向热带过渡的湖南莽山相比较,共有种仅有12种,更进一步说明本地区深居北温带,真菌区系以泛北极成分为主的特色。     

甘肃省徽县麻沿地区的鸟类

本文整理了甘肃徽县麻沿地区鸟类80种及亚种,隶属8目25科。在区系成份上属于古北界的31种,占调查区鸟类总数的38.75％;东洋界的25种,占31.25％;其余的24种为两界兼有种,占总数的30％;故该地区属于古北界与东洋界在甘肃的过渡地带。文中根据采集鸟类的食性分析,提出了对该地区鸟类的益害评价,供教学和在制订农、林、牧、副、渔规划时参考。 1983年6月至1984年7月,结合教学先后4次对陇南山地麻沿地区进行调查,采得脊椎动物标本650号。本文仅将该地区鸟类报道如下。     

鄂尔多斯高原沙地啮齿动物群落资源利用研究—空间资源维利用研究

根据1995年在鄂尔多斯高原库布其沙地不同生境类型上鼠类构成、植被以及土壤因子的调查结果,以对应分析排序（COA）技术分析了沙地啮齿动物群落结构与环境因子的关系,以Levins生态位宽度指数和Petraitis种群生态位重叠指数对常见啮齿动物种群空间生态位进行定量描述。结果表明：相应于该地区最典型的沙地、草原低湿地与农田三种植被类型,相应的鼠类组成依次有三种典型构成,即固定、半固定及流动沙地基本上是以三趾跳鼠、小毛足鼠与子午沙鼠为主,草甸低湿地以五趾跳鼠、黄鼠与黑线仓鼠米,农田及其他人工植被乃至植被条件较好的固定沙地上,以黑线仓鼠为主;三种植被类型上三类鼠的空间生态位存在较在分离。其次,三趾跳鼠、小毛足鼠与子午沙鼠是该地鼠类组成中所占比例最大的三种鼠,也是沙地生境的代表鼠种,它们较适宜栖息生境均在沙地上,它们之间的空间资源生态位重叠程度较大。     

不同放牧方式对大针茅草原啮齿动物群落多样性的影响

2013-2015年,采用标志重捕法对内蒙古呼伦贝尔大针茅草原,季节轮牧区、按月轮牧区、连续放牧区和过牧区4种不同放牧方式及禁牧区(对照区)下啮齿动物进行了专门调查,对啮齿动物群落结构、啮齿动物群落相似性和多样性特征进行了研究.结果表明:1.不同放牧使啮齿动物群落结构发生了一定的变化.放牧增加了啮齿动物数量,使优势种出现了差异.连续放牧区和过牧区优势种为草原黄鼠;按月轮牧、季节轮牧和禁牧区优势种为黑线仓鼠.2.不同的放牧方式导致了啮齿动物群落相似性不同。按月轮牧与季节轮牧相似性指数最大,连续放牧与过牧相似性指数最大;禁牧与过牧相似性指数最大.3.连续放牧和过牧增加了啮齿动物群落多样性,按月轮牧和季节轮牧降低了群落多样性.本研究认为,季节轮牧能够控制啮齿动物个体数量的同时可以降低啮齿动物群落多样性.     

湖南省的爬行动物区系

本文报导在湖南省30个县先后采得爬行动物73种(亚种),隶44属,12科,2目,其中福建颈斑蛇系省的新记录。湖南省爬行动物区系属东洋界、华中区。其成分:属华中区—华南区者有32种(亚种),占43.8％;华南区者16种(亚种),占21.9％;华中区者12种(亚种);占16.4％;华中区—西南区者3种,占4.1％;华中区—华北区者1种,占1.3％;全国广布者有6种(亚种),占8.2％;古北区者3种(亚科),占4.1％。并就湖南省与其邻接六省的爬行动物区系进行了成分的分析比较,以及初步认为湖南省爬行动物区系可分为三个地区:湘东、中、湖区,湘南丘陵区及湘西、西北山区。本区系成分种类表现华南区者与华中区者互相渗透,而前者较广于后者。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.