影响幼儿利他行为的因素与对策探讨

一、问题的提出：“面向21世纪教育”国际研讨会会议对ZI世纪的教育提出了一个总的指导思想：那就是“学会关心”“关心自己的家庭、朋友和同行”。“关心社会和国家的利益”“关心其他物种”“关心地球的生活条件”这就要求从小培养幼儿的“利他行为”。所谓“利他行为”就是对他人对社会有利有益的行为，它是人们出于自愿的，并不企图得到任何报酬或奖赏。它的目的只在于为他人或大多数人谋利益，毫无自私自利之心。它是最高层次的亲社会行为，是一种高度社会化了的行为。但由于当个幼儿的“独”字，致使许多家长缺乏现代教育意识，再加…     

我国社会转型时期的价值冲突与价值观教育

社会转型是社会由一种型态向另一种型态的转换，价值冲突是社会转型时期的一个重要特点和重要标志。当代中国正处在由计划经济向市场经济、由农业社会向工业社会、由传统社会向现代社会、由封闭社会向开放社会的转换之中，因而必然会产生计划经济价值观与市场经济价值观、传统社会价值观与现代社会价值观、马克思主义价值观与各种非马克思主义价值观的矛盾和冲突。由此，我们必须大力加强和改进价值观教育，坚持教育内容的先进性和层次性、教育手段的系统性和综合性、教育方法的科学性和主体性。     

“许昌人”头盖骨：现代人类起源再诠释？——“许昌人”头盖骨对国际学术界的挑战

“许昌人”头盖骨的发现,印证了“多地区起源”及人类连续进化附带杂交模式学说的正确性,面对“许昌人”头盖骨,“非洲夏娃说”、“代替说”等不攻自破。“许昌人”不仅可能是北京猿人的后代,同时还应是现代中国人的祖先。同时“许昌人”头盖骨的发现在人类学研究领域对DNA的科学证明提出了严峻挑战。它以事实提醒我们,面对现代人类多源说的实证资料,在人类学、考古学和基因科学诸多学术研究领域里调整学术思路势在必然。     

整合社区资源，加强未成年人思想道德建设

社区是未成年人学习，生活、成长的重要领域。在加强和改进未成年人思想道德建设，构建学校，家庭，社会“三位一体”工作格局的过程中，社区的教育平台作用也日益重要。要贯彻井落实好《关于进一步加强和改进未成年人思想道德建设的若干意见》，我们必须充分发挥社区的统筹、协调及资源整合职能，通过营造良好的社会氛围，完善社区教育服务功能，寓教育于丰富多彩的活动中，使学校，家庭、社会三方形成合力，才能更好地引导未成年人树立正确的理想信念和世界观，人生观．价值观。     

<卡拉马佐夫兄弟>:复调小说的视角结构分析

《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》中故事与故事讲述者的和人物的视角结合在一起，故事并不由纯粹的“事实”组织而成，对象世界的描述充满了视角主体的主观价值判断。仔细考察视角主体附加在“事实”上的主观价值，可以看到这些不同价值如何构成叙述的“复调”，还可以得出与常规阅读不同的另外一个故事。     

青少年的道德养成教

中共中央国务院关于进一步加强和改进未成年人思想道德建设的若干意见明确指出当前和今后一个时期,加强和改进未成年人思想道德建设要坚持以人为本教育和引导未成年人树立中国特色社会主义的理想信念和正确的世界观,人生观,价值观。文章认为把握未成年人规律,积极探索新世纪新阶段未成年人思想道德建设规律,加大未成年人养成教育力度,是实现青少年全面健康发展的重要内容,未成年阶段是道德习惯养成的重要时期。     

忠告的价值

一个年轻人问一位老者：“世界上什么最有价值？”“忠告。”“那么什么最没有价值？”“忠告。”年轻人开始哈哈大笑。“难道那不是事实吗？”老者说，“当有人采纳你的忠告时，它就极有价值。但没人采纳它时，它就没用。”     

道德的困惑与重建

在道德建设问题上，我们正陷入这样的怪圈：各级领导人关于道德建设的话没少讲，加强政治思想工作的会没少开，重要文件、大型报告少不了精神文明建设专节，各界人士没少在各种场合发出加强道德建设的呼吁，可是社会的道德状况并不理想，一些人甚至断言是大“滑坡”。可悲的是，追溯这种现象的原因，传统思路又往往把它归咎于“资产阶级思想影响”和市场经济的“负效应”。其实，我们面临的种种道德问题，不过是社会转型时期新旧道德冲突的反映，是不可避免的现象，而不论道德建设这一手是“硬”还是“软”。在社会转型时期，任何事物都有一…     

关于语文课外阅读的一点思考——中职生如何通过课外阅读树立正确的价值观

现代中等职业学校学生价值观缺失已经成了不争的事实，教师通过丰富的语文课外阅读对学生加以引导，帮助他们从各个方面提升自身价值意识和判断，树立正确的价值观。     

质疑爱因斯坦的青年

有一次，爱因斯坦作演讲，当主持人请听众提问时，一位年轻人从座位上站起来，说：“爱因斯坦教授告诉我们的东西并不愚蠢，但是第二个方程不能从第一个方程严格推出。它需要一个未经证明的假设，而且它也不是按照应有的方式不变的。”与会者都惊讶地回头注视这位似乎不知天高地厚的年轻人。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the