海南霸王岭自然保护区外来入侵植物的调查和分析

通过野外实地调查,对海南霸王岭自然保护区外来入侵植物的种类数量和分布现状进行了调查分析.结果 表明,霸王岭自然保护区外来入侵植物计38种,隶属于17科.从来源来看,主要来自美洲,占总数的79%.同时分析了外来入侵植物的入侵途径和对保护区的生态影响.调查结果将对霸王岭自然保护区生物多样性的有效保护和外来入侵植物的管理提供科学依据.     

海南霸王岭自然保护区外来入侵植物的调查和分析

通过野外实地调查,对海南霸王岭自然保护区外来入侵植物的种类数量和分布现状进行了调查分析。结果表明,霸王岭自然保护区外来入侵植物计38种,隶属于17科。从来源来看,主要来自美洲,占总数的79%。同时分析了外来入侵植物的入侵途径和对保护区的生态影响。调查结果将对霸王岭自然保护区生物多样性的有效保护和外来入侵植物的管理提供科学依据。     

北京师范大学珠海分校校园高等植物资源调查

对北京师范大学珠海分校校园高等植物进行调查,统计、分析植物的种类及分布现状,在此基础上编制校园高等植物名录,并鉴别外来入侵植物,确立其危害程度,通过对这些植物的入侵途径和危害性进行分析,对校园生态平衡和治理提出防治建议.调查发现学校共有高等植物183种,隶属于73科.蕨类植物5科5种,裸子植物3科3种,被子植物35科175种.其中,外来入侵植物12科33种,占校园高等植物的18.03%.     

大连市3个国家级自然保护区陆域外来入侵植物研究

通过野外调查,对大连市的3个陆域国家级自然保护区外来入侵植物的种类和分布现状进行了调查分析.结果显示:辽宁仙人洞国家级自然保护区、大连城山头海滨地貌国家级自然保护区和辽宁蛇岛老铁山国家级自然保护区内的外来入侵植物分别有19、11和40种,3个保护区总计有外来入侵植物49种.在49种外来入侵植物中,菊科(Compositae)种类最多(13种).57%的入侵种类起源于美洲,入侵途径以无意传播为主.部分外来入侵植物已在保护区内建立稳定的繁殖种群,其中,月见草(Oenothera biennis)、群心菜(Cardaria draba)、绿独行菜(Lepidium campestre)、小花山桃草(Gaura parviflora)、菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus)对保护区生态环境及生物多样性的危害和影响最大.根据3个保护区内外来入侵植物的分布现状和生态影响,提出了对保护区内外来入侵植物管理与防治的对策和建议.     

南京中山植物园外来入侵植物分布特征及其入侵途径

为了了解南京中山植物园中外来入侵植物的状况,采用线路调查和样方调查的方法,对外来入侵植物的种类、原产地、生活型、频度、危害度等进行调查.结果显示,南京中山植物园共有外来入侵植物65种,其中菊科植物最多,占总数的32.31%,其次是禾本科,占总数的9.23%;构成严重危害的有7种,原产地为美洲的入侵植物最多,共有44种,并且以一年生草本为主(46.15%),荒地和管理粗放的草地是最容易遭到入侵的生境类型,部分入侵植物的引入与植物园引种活动具有相关性.     

长春地区外来植物的初步研究

本研究对长春地区外来植物进行了调查,列出长春市外来种名录,确定共有外来植物46种,隶属于20科,菊科植物占30.4%.分析了长春市外来植物的来源,得出有50%的外来植物来自美洲.这些数据和结果可为外来物种的规范管理及对外来物种的生态入侵风险分析提供科学依据.     

重庆市北碚区入侵植物风险评估

通过对重庆市北碚区入侵植物种类的调查,结果显示入侵植物共41种,隶属于19个科,34个属.调查发现,部分物种已形成较大危害,部分存在潜在危害.本文采用国际上有害生物风险分析"PRA"(Pest Risk Analysis),以及国内外来入侵植物风险评价指标体系等,将北碚区外来入侵植物进行定量分析并排序.结果显示,41种外来入侵植物中,有18种属于高危害风险植物、12种中危害风险植物、11种低危害风险植物.有30种物种危险性综合评价均达到二级及以上,属于中、高度危害性植物.其中风险等级由高到低排列前10的分别为小白酒草、落葵薯、空心莲子草、反枝苋、相思草、三叶鬼针草、凤眼莲、日本菟丝子、土荆芥、刺苋.     

河南外来入侵植物区系成分与成灾机制

采取野外样方调查和资料分析方法,对河南外来入侵植物区系地理成分及其成灾机制进行研究,结果表明,河南目前已知的外来入侵植物有53种,隶属于19科41属;属的区系地理成分划分为9种分布区类型和4种变型;种的区系地理成分划分出8个类型;热带分布成分(53.57%)比温带分布成分(46.43%)稍强,体现了河南植物区系环境过渡性的特点;这些外来入侵植物大部分原产美洲和欧洲.据此,发现河南外来入侵植物的成灾机制与其区系地理成分之间的密切联系,要采用积极有效的方法对那些已经产生危害的种类进行控制.     

大连地区外来入侵植物现状报道

大连是辽宁省乃至东北地区外来入侵植物种类最多的地区.根据野外调查和相关报道,大连地区目前有外来入侵植物23科62属78种.这些外来入侵植物,菊科植物种类最多,达24种,占总数的31%;十字花科植物次之,计10种,占总数的13%;苋科植物7种,占总数的9%;豆科植物6种,占总数的8%;其余18科总计31种,占总数的39%.它们由木本、藤本和草本植物构成,最常出现在路旁、水旁、田旁、屋旁,原产地多为北美洲和欧洲,一般通过有意引入、无意带入2种途径进入并扩散.大连市各区县都有外来入侵植物分布,以市内4区种类最多,达62种.     

江西省外来入侵植物现状分析

调查研究发现,江西省现有外来入侵植物85种,隶属27个科64个属,且主要集中在菊科、禾本科、豆科和苋科,上述4科总计包括入侵植物50种,占全部种类的58.9%.入侵危害性最强的植物种有22种,占入侵植物总数的25.9%;入侵性较强的植物种有28种,占总数的32.9%,入侵性最弱的有35种,占总数的41.2%.一年生或两年生草本有25种,占总数的45.5%:多年生草本有27种,占总数的49.1%.在地理起源方面,江西省入侵植物多来自于美洲和欧洲.研究结果表明,江西省入侵植物的种类数量和入侵危害性均呈上升趋势.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.