脱空对机场道面板接缝传荷能力影响分析

采用有限元分析方法和多组模型试验,对考虑板中脱空和板角脱空两种情况的机场刚性道面板接缝处的应力及传荷能力进行分析。结果表明,道面板接缝处的传荷效率、道面板板底最大弯拉应力随着板底脱空面积的增大而增大。对于相同的脱空面积,接缝传荷效率和板底最大弯拉应力随着地基反应模量的增大而减小;而且板中脱空状态下的传荷效率略高于板角脱空状态下的传荷效率,板中脱空对脱空面积的反应比较敏感,这说明板中脱空对道面板产生的危害比板角脱空对道面板产生的危害要严重。     

水泥混凝土机场道面板角脱空判定分析

针对机场水泥混凝土道面板角脱空问题，把道面板划分为弹性地基上的梁，得出道面板板中及板角的弯沉公式．根据接缝的传荷性能，提出了应用板角弯沉值与板中弯沉值之比判定板角脱空的方法；通过某机场水泥混凝土道面实测弯沉数据及现场钻芯取样验证了该法的正确性；详细讨论了影响板角脱空的几个主要因素，为实际工程中板角脱空的判断及防止提出了一些有益的建议．     

机场刚性道面接缝传荷能力的评价

基于ABAQUS有限元软件,按照"贡献面积"刚度分配原则,通过在相邻混凝土板侧面的对应结点设置弹簧单元,建立了考虑接缝传荷能力的机场刚性道面3维有限元分析模型.以重型落锤式弯沉仪(HWD)弯沉测试为基础,针对不同地基强度上的典型道面结构,考虑基层对接缝传荷能力的影响,应用有限元模型,分析了HWD承载板、单轴双轮起落架、双轴双轮起落架和三轴双轮起落架等荷载形式作用在接缝一侧板边中部时道面结构的板边应力和挠度,建立了HWD承载板测试得到的挠度传荷系数与接缝刚度之间的相关关系,以及与不同荷载形式作用的应力折减系数之间的相关关系,成果可用于评价机场刚性道面的接缝传荷能力,以及道面板边应力分析.     

机场水泥道面日周期温度效应

为研究日温变化对机场水泥道面的影响,系统监测分析了日周期内西南某机场水泥道面板内温度、应变及弯沉的变化规律。结果表明：板内温度、平均温度及温度梯度均呈日周期变化,正、负温度梯度最大值分别出现在14：00— 16：00、07：00—08：00;应变与温度不同步变化导致其随温度滞回变化,以温度梯度?曲率分析道面温度效应可减少滞回特征影响;板角翘曲大于板边,接缝类型差异对板边翘曲影响更大;道面边、角弯沉随日温变化波动明显,接缝传荷系数波动主要受温度梯度变化影响,道面性能评价应考虑温度影响;接缝两侧弯沉之和与温度相关性高,且可能与接缝传荷能力无关,在考虑温度影响进行脱空判定时具有一定优势,建议进一步研究其特征。     

机场水泥混凝土道面脱空判定及影响

根据现场实测弯沉数据和理论计算结果,提出了适用于机场水泥混凝土道面的基于HWD(High WeightDeflector)弯沉测试的脱空判定标准.采用三维有限元软件ABAQUS,分析了不同脱空状态对道面荷载应力的影响,并给出了不同脱空程度对道面使用寿命影响的算例.研究表明,水泥混凝土道面板边脱空判定标准为"板边弯沉/板中弯沉>1.8";板角脱空判定标准为"板角弯沉/板中弯沉>3.0";道面脱空严重时,道面板的荷载应力增幅超过250%,道面使用寿命下降迅速;在脱空发展初期时,脱空面积的影响并不显著,随着脱空区域基层反应模量下降,脱空面积影响的显著性迅速增大.     

考虑机场道面结构损伤的传力杆设计修正方法

为了减少机场道面结构损伤对接缝传荷性能的影响,基于相似理论,分别对传力杆松动和板底脱空2种损伤形式下,道面板受荷性能进行了模型试验研究。同时,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了接缝设传力杆的机场水泥混凝土道面结构三维有限元模型,对道面结构损伤模型试验进行了模拟。进一步,针对不同尺寸的传力杆松动、板中脱空和板角脱空,采用有限元方法分析了道面板在7种水平的传力杆长度、直径和间距下的传荷性能,以及2种结构损伤形式下传力杆参数对传荷性能的敏感性。在此基础上,以接缝剪力传递系数、关键传力杆分配系数、板底弯拉应力幅值以及界面应力为控制指标,分别分析了当道面板存在传力杆松动和板底脱空损伤时,相对于未损伤工况,提高传力杆参数尺寸对上述指标增长率的改善程度,进而提出了考虑道面结构损伤的传力杆参数设计范围,并与《民用机场水泥混凝土道面设计规范》(MN/T 5004—2010)(简称规范,下同)进行比较。结果表明:位移传荷系数L_(TEδ)随脱空尺寸的增加先减小后增大,随着松动尺寸的增大逐渐降低,且2种结构损伤模型试验结果与有限元模拟规律一致;传力杆直径对松动损伤最敏感,而传力杆间距对板底脱空的敏感性最大;随着传力杆直径和间距的增加,控制指标增长率均呈现先减小后小幅增加并趋于稳定的趋势,说明当考虑道面结构损伤时,增加传力杆直径和减小其间距只能在一定范围内改善传荷性能。因此,对应不同板厚,考虑松动损伤的传力杆直径建议值为规范值的110%～130%,而考虑板底脱空损伤时传力杆间距建议值为规范最大值的70%～98%。     

脱空对刚性道面板应力分布的影响及临界脱空状态

基于层间弹簧模型提出支承状态模拟方法,构建刚性道面板数值仿真模型。考虑不同飞机荷载和接缝状态,分析脱空影响下的道面板荷载应力增幅、位置偏移及重分布规律。结果表明：层间弹簧模型可准确地模拟脱空导致的刚性道面板支承损失以及不同脱空状态;随着脱空加剧,脱空区边缘的荷载应力增大,最大荷载应力在板厚方向上的位置由板底转移至板顶;当脱空区内最大荷载应力超过健康状态（即无脱空）下临界荷位的峰值应力时,该脱空状态即为临界脱空状态。相比传统弯沉指标,临界脱空状态能够更准确地反映脱空对道面结构的影响。     

水泥混凝土路面板角脱空判定指标

以ANSYS有限元计算软件为基础,利用FWD(Falling weight deflectometer)板中板角实测弯沉值,建立以板角弯沉为判定指标的板角脱空范围估算方法.对均匀支承的无限大板板角理论弯沉值修正平面尺寸效应和板间接缝传荷能力,求解理论板角弯沉值,将其与FWD实测板角弯沉值相比较以评定路面板角脱空状况;提出板角脱空指数λ,并分析λ与脱空尺寸、面板模量、面板厚度和地基反应模量的相关性,建立λ与脱空尺寸的回归关系式估算脱空尺寸.对湖南耒宜高速公路试验段板角脱空识别结果与实际钻芯结果进行对比,发现最大相对误差为6.32%,与检测结果较吻合,表明该方法具有较高的可靠性,能为水泥混凝土路面板底脱空的识别提供合理、可行的新思路和手段.     

冲击荷载作用下机场刚性道面动力响应与影响因素分析

机场刚性道面受飞机着陆冲击荷载的影响较大。为研究机场刚性道面在飞机着陆瞬态冲击荷载作用下的动力响应,基于主起落架单自由度振动系统,用半波正弦曲线模拟冲击荷载,采用有限元分析的方法研究了B737-800机型在粗暴着陆条件下机场道面的动力响应,并分析了道面板在不同冲击速度及不同道面结构参数下动力响应变化规律。结果表明:单自由度振动系统能很好的表征垂直速度与法向加速度的关系;道面板产生最大应力的临界荷位处于板纵缝中部;冲击荷载作用时间内道面弯沉影响深度持续增加,绝大部分由土基承担;循环冲击作用下,板底弯沉随冲击荷载作用次数的增加而增加,作用100次后增幅明显减小;板底弯沉与板底峰值应力均随垂直速度的增加而增加,相比面层模量,面层厚度对板底弯沉的影响显著,板底峰值应力随面层模量的增大而增大,但随面层厚度的增加呈先减小后增大趋势。     

脱空对机场水泥混凝土道面荷载应力的影响

提出了通过建立ABAQUS三维有限元模型,将计算弯沉盆与实测弯沉盆对比,得到较为精确的计算脱空参数的方法,并计算了机场水泥混凝土道面板底不同脱空程度对道面板荷载应力的影响.计算结果表明:有限元软件计算道面弯沉中,以静载代替脉冲荷载对计算结果影响很小;脱空区域基础与面层并非完全脱离,其反应模量较原值有一定折减;在严重脱空区域,道面荷载应力较未脱空时可增大80%.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.