起伏地表有限元叠前逆时偏移完全匹配层

在地震波传播的数值模拟中,用有限区域代替求解无限区域地震波传播规律是一种有效手段。目前完全匹配层吸收边界条件是边界吸收最好的选择。通常正演模拟不考虑自由表面吸收条件,但在逆时偏移中,地表反射的存在会引起假的同相轴。推导了位移形式的有限元二阶声波方程的完全匹配层吸收边界条件公式,并应用于起伏地表声波方程有限元数值模拟与逆时偏移成像;通过数值分析并与传统的Clayton-Engquist吸收边界条件做了比较。计算结果表明,方法取得了理想的边界吸收效果,可以消除起伏地表反射引起的假同相轴。     

完全匹配层吸收边界条件的研究

边界反射是数值模拟中的一个关键问题。构建完全匹配层(PML)吸收边界条件是消除边界反射的理想方法之一。此方法是在研究区域的边界上加入吸收层,使边界上传入吸收层的波随传播距离按指数规律衰减,不产生任何反射,达到消除边界反射的目的。首先给出了二维声波方程完全匹配层的公式,然后通过地面地震模型和井间地震模型数值算例与常规吸收边界条件进行了比较。结果表明,PML边界条件具有吸收更干净、相位对应关系好且能够吸收各种角度的边界反射等优点,从而验证了完全匹配层吸收效果的优越性。     

完全匹配层吸收边界条件的研究

边界反射是数值模拟中的一个关键问题.构建完全匹配层(PML)吸收边界条件是消除边界反射的理想方法之一.此方法是在研究区域的边界上加入吸收层,使边界上传入吸收层的波随传播距离按指数规律衰减,不产生任何反射,达到消除边界反射的目的.首先给出了二维声波方程完全匹配层的公式,然后通过地面地震模型和井间地震模型数值算例与常规吸收边界条件进行了比较.结果表明,PML边界条件具有吸收更干净、相位对应关系好且能够吸收各种角度的边界反射等优点,从而验证了完全匹配层吸收效果的优越性.     

CFS-PML在探地雷达FDTD法模拟中应用

探地雷达(GPR)数值模拟中,为了使截断边界处不产生人为的反射波,需要加载边界条件.目前常用的完全匹配层(PML)边界对隐失波、低频波、掠角波等不能很好地吸收.为此,在时域有限差分(FDTD)法中引入复频移卷积完全匹配层(CFS-PML).从二维TM波的Maxwell方程组出发,阐述了CFS-PML边界条件的原理,推导了CFS-PML边界加载的离散差分公式,给出了CFS-PML边界条件的参数选取原则.应用均匀介质中GPR波场快照,对比了截断处没有加载边界条件、加载3种不同边界条件的边界处反射波的强弱,实例说明单轴各向异性完全匹配层(UPML)、CFS-PML边界条件具有较好的吸收效果.为了进一步对比UPML与CFS-PML的吸收效果,设置了双层介质狭长模型,通过波场快照与全局反射误差证明了CFS-PML对隐失波、低频波、掠角波的吸收较UPML效果更佳.     

不同边界条件下的二维声波方程数值模拟

地震波场数值模拟是研究波动现象的重要手段之一,对油气田的勘探和开发具有重要意义。数值模拟过程中,需要通过添加边界条件来尽可能消除由于截断所产生的边界反射。选取雷克子波作为震源项,分别建立均匀及层状地质模型,拟定合适的波场模拟参数,实现了不同边界条件下的二维声波方程数值模拟。利用数值模拟得到的波场快照和地震记录直观地对比分析不同边界条件对边界反射的消除效果,认为透明边界条件(TBC吸收边界条件)和Clayton-Engquist边界条件(CE吸收边界条件)都能够较好地消除边界反射。最后提出了一种组合边界条件的方法。     

基于复频移完全匹配层的辛龙格库塔算法探地雷达正演

为了消除探地雷达(ground penetrating radar,GPR)正演模拟的截断边界处的非物理反射,需要对模拟区域边界进行特殊处理.目前应用效果较好的边界处理方法为加载完全匹配层吸收边界条件.而复频移完全匹配层(complex frequency shift perfectly matched layer,C...     

不同边界条件下的二维声波方程数值模拟研究

地震波场数值模拟是研究波动现象的重要手段之一,它对于油气田的勘探和开发具有重要意义。数值模拟过程中,需要通过添加边界条件来尽可能消除由于截断所产生的边界反射。本文选取雷克子波作为震源项,分别建立均匀及层状地质模型,拟定合适的波场模拟参数,实现了不同边界条件下的二维声波方程数值模拟。利用数值模拟得到的波场快照和地震记录直观地对比分析不同边界条件对边界反射的消除效果,本文认为透明边界条件(以下简称TBC吸收边界条件)和Clayton-Engquist边界条件(以下简称CE吸收边界条件)都能够较好地消除边界反射。最后,本文提出了一种组合边界条件的方法。     

柱坐标声波方程正演两种PML边界加载方式的对比

分析了地震波场模拟中直角坐标系下一阶声压速度方程完全匹配层边界的两种不同的添加方式,讨论了其等价性。进而针对柱坐标系下一阶声压速度方程的特殊形式,推导出在柱坐标系下进行波场模拟的完全匹配层边界的特殊形式,指出柱坐标一阶方程中两种完全匹配层添加方式的不等价性。最后通过数值试验对两种不同的边界条件的实际应用效果进行了比较,结果表明变量复值化这一吸收边界实现方式在相同参数设置下的实际应用效果要优于直接引入衰减系数。     

TI介质地震波场数值模拟边界条件处理

地震波场数值模拟研究中,边界条件处理非常重要,它直接影响模拟地震数据的精度.针对TI(Transversely Isotropic)介质一阶速度—应力弹性波动方程组,利用时间域分裂法给出了PML(Perfectly matched layer,完全匹配层)吸收边界条件,其基本思想是在所研究的区域外引入吸收层,地震波从有效计算区域传播到吸收层时不发生任何反射,且在吸收层内按传播距离呈指数衰减,不发生反射.利用交错网格高阶差分技术对PML吸收边界条件求解,对比不同边界条件数值模拟结果表明,PML吸收边界条件较应用广泛的Clayton吸收边界有更好的吸收效果,能更好地满足地震数值模拟的需要.     

Davidson-Cole色散媒质的CPML吸收边界

为了应用时域有限差分(FDTD)法处理Davidson-Cole色散媒质的电磁问题,将已应用于常规媒质(非色散媒质)的卷积完全匹配层(CPML)吸收边界加以改进。改进后的CPML吸收边界具有实现复杂度低的优势。两个算例初步证实了该边界的良好吸收效果。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.