Charge transport in organic semiconductors: From incoherent to coherent

Quantum decoherence in organic charge transport is a complicated but crucial topic. In this paper, several theoretical approaches corresponding to it, from incoherent to coherent, are comprehensively reviewed. We mainly focus on the physical insight provided by each theory and extent of its validity. The aim of this review is to clarify some contentious issues and elaborate on the promising perspectives provided by different approaches. The device model approaches based on both continuous and discretized treatments of the transporting layer will be first discussed. The prominent focus of this review will be devoted to the dynamic disorder model and its variants considering that it is the most promising approach to tackle charge transport problems in organic materials. We will also address other theories such as the variational method.     

Advances in research on the deep South China Sea circulation

Deep sea circulation is important for world climate and has been a substantial research area in ocean science, leading to various breakthroughs and discoveries. With the rapid advance in research on ocean science, these matters have received increasing attention from the oceanography community. In this article, we attempt to convey the progress made in recent years. We first provide an overview of existing observations, theories, and simulations of deep South China Sea circulation. Finally, we discuss remaining issues.     

The coordinated development of China’s inland water transport

The coordinated development is the core of sustainable development, and the hot issue of international research.SInland water transport (IWT) is an important part of the water resources exploiting system and comprehensive transport system under socio-economic context of river basin,and also the country’s sustainable development priorities to achieve resource-conserving and environment-friendly strategy.SThis paper is based on the coordinated development content, combined Germany"s successful development experience, explored the elements and the problem of the coordinated development of IWT system of China’s national economic strategy and basin economy, water resourse system, comprehensive transport system, and system itself, and their countermeasures and suggestions,in order to facilitate rapid and coordinated development of China"s inland water transport.S     

The Application of Eddy Current Transducer for Testing Movement Locus of Shaker Screen

Shaker screen is one of important equipments in the industry of oil,metallurgy,coal and timbering． The movement locus of shaker screen affects the capacity and efficiency of shaker screen to split the solid particle from crude ore directly．To test movement of shaker locus,two eddy current transducers are employed． A discussion of the usage of these eddy current transducer to test and acceleration sensors will be made．The experiment results from a real elliptic shaker screen have good agree with the design requirements．     

Theoretical study of the effects of different substituents of tetrathiafulvalene derivatives on charge transport

Density functional theory calculations were carried out to investigate the charge transfer of four tetrathiafulvalene derivatives. Perfluorination of dibenzo-tetrathiafulvalene (DB-TTF) increased the reorganization energy and was considered disadvantageous for the charge-transport process. Fluorination lowered the frontier orbitals of the compound, favoring electron-rather than hole-transport due to the low injection barrier. While intra-ring substitution of carbons of benzene with N atoms did not increase the reorganization energy, it enforced thermodynamic stability and decreased the charge injection barrier due to lowering the frontier orbital. Calculation results also showed that introduction of NH 2 to DB-TTF can change the crystal structure and charge mobility, thus providing a method with which to promote -stacked structures. Calculation of charge transfer integrals using site energy correction methods was found to be more suitable for perfluorinated DB-TTF because it exhibits remarkable polarization effects.     

一种自适应涡团法

涡团法对二维无粘不可压缩流动是具有吸引力的数值方法．本文应用Ｄｅｌａｕａｙ三角形，提出了一种自适应涡团法．数值结果表明，本文涡团法比传统涡团法有更高的精度，能适应于长时间历程问题．     

位涡守恒原理在中尺度低涡降水中的应用研究

基于Hoskins位涡理论思想从等压面位涡守恒和湿等熵位涡守恒的角度来研究对流层高层位涡扰对低层西南涡的发生发展影响,发现对流层高层位涡扰动是影响西南涡发生发展的重要因素,它对西南涡的影响表现出它有向南向下倾斜伸展的特点。高层湿等熵位涡面下滑的高度及风场的辐合强度与低层西南涡的发生发展有很好的对应关系,应用位涡守情理原理能较好解释中尺度低涡发生发展成因。     

任意形状平面曲线涡束诱导速度的计算

给出了计算任意形状曲线涡束在研究点(点与涡束在同一平面内)诱导速度的简单表达式，并举例做了说明。     

Urban transport policy response to global climate change in China

Accompanying with the economic development and the process of industrialization and urbanization in China, the energy consumption and greenhouse gases emission of transport sector increased rapidly. From the viewpoint of how the urban traffic management department should cope with the global climate change, based on the economy, institutional reform, planning and policies in China, the paper analyzed the main important problems and obstacles in the development of urban transport, put forward the corresponding policy recommendations which could lead the urban transport system transform to low carbon emission and become more suitable to the climate change.     

Recent development of organic electron transport materials

This article reviews the recent development of organic electron transport materials applied in the fields of organic photoconductors, light-emitting diodes, field-effect transistors and solar cells. Several technologies for charge carrier mobility measurement are summarized and compared, and a series of basic principles for designing high-performance organic electron transport materials are suggested as well.     

煤粉炉内扩散火焰关于大尺度涡的“砂轮”效应初探

以110MW、四角切向喷射的煤粉动力锅炉为对象,借助CFX4.2软件,在α-250工作站对该型锅炉的燃烧过程开展了数据模拟研究,研究发现：在该型炉膛内存在某种由准强制涡和准自由涡所组成的涡结果,这些涡均属于大尺度涡（非亚格子涡）;在这些准强制涡和准自由涡即大尺度涡之间以及某些涡与固壁或涡与喷射气流之间因扩散燃烧及强剪切而导致局部火焰增强现象即所谓“砂轮”效应,从Zeldovich转换和广义Reynolds比拟及粘性耗散的角度,定性地分析了这一效应。     

涡流探伤在高频焊管中的应用

钢管的在线涡流探伤是指钢管在生产线上的生产过程中进行同步探访，主要用生产过程的质量控制．介绍了厦门爱普森公司生产的EEC-30型智能金属管道涡流探伤仪在实际生产中的应用，充分肯定了涡流探伤技术在高频焊管生产中不可替代的作用．     

新型方向性自差分涡流传感器的仿真设计与研究

传统涡流检测技术采用一个圆柱形的激励线圈来产生激励磁场,通过用检测线圈来收集扰动磁场,然而由于激励线圈引起的磁场要比缺陷引起的扰动磁场强很多,这种结构的传感器对缺陷的检测灵敏度低,需采用差分的方法来获取缺陷信息。提出了一种新型涡流传感器,其通过采用矩形激励线圈来改变激励磁场的空间分布,使得无需采用差分方法就可以获得缺陷信息。在对新型传感器进行原理分析的基础上,仿真分析了其与传统传感器探头缺陷检测灵敏度之间的差异。并对传感器尺寸和激励频率进行了优化设计,最后验证了该新型传感器对缺陷长度的定量检测能力。仿真结果表明,该新型传感器具有较高的检测灵敏度和缺陷定量精度,为以后单激励多检测阵列涡流传感器的研究奠定了基础。     

潮流数值模拟中紊动粘性系数的研究

从流体运动基本方程出发，对Boussinesq假设的合理性进行了初步探讨，阐述了紊动粘性系数的物理含义及其在数值计算中所起的作用，就一内设正交丁坝的半封闭海域中的平面紊动粘性系数对二维潮流数值计算结果的影响进行了讨论。结果表明，平面紊动粘性系数对潮位和平均流速的影响较小；随着紊动粘性系数的增加，丁坝背流侧回波的强度和影响范围均明显增大，就风生流和环岛水流两个理论算例中的垂向紊动粘性系数对三维潮流数值计算结果的影响进行了讨论。结果表明，垂向紊动粘性系数越大，流速分层越不明显，流速的绝对值也越小；垂向紊动粘性系数的梯度变化则对水平流速的垂向分布起着决定性的作用。综合理论分析和数值试验的成果，垂向紊动粘性系数宜采用抛物线分布的结构型式。     

铁磁圆柱体中涡流损耗功率的分布规律

从求解铁磁圆柱体的磁矢势出发，推导出了铁磁圆柱体置于垂直柱轴的交变磁场中柱内产生的涡旋电流密度及损耗功率的规律．     

对称平衡式涡流传感器在管棒检测中的应用

涡流探伤可以在不损伤金属件的情况下检测出有缺陷的产品并自动剔除,被广泛应用在金属加工行业.就管棒材料探伤普遍使用的涡流传感器存在灵敏度不高等缺陷,提出了一种新的方法和结构,从而更简便、更有效地检测出缺陷,并解决了工程中存在的常见问题.此方法使用的高频反射式涡流传感器采用对称平衡式线圈,是穿过式线圈和探头式线圈的结合体,用探头式的内部结构(差动式)和穿过式的方位配置来制作,有效结合了两个线圈的优点.这种穿过式探头,在制作时已经在实验室将所有参数调整到位、并封装,现场无需再根据环境变化做出调整.由此可见,简洁方便是对称平衡式线圈所具有的一大优势.     

云南大理复杂地形上风场的模拟研究

大风是云南地区的主要灾害性天气现象之一,对当地的经济和农业生产以及日常出行都造成不利影响。本文运用三维大涡模式OpenFOAM研究云南大理白族自治州南部（100.24°N,24.83°E）微环境地形条件下风场的变化规律。结果表明：入口风速为南风时,由于迎风坡地形的强迫抬升使局部风速增大,最大值接近于入口风速的1.5倍。而同时由于山脉的阻碍作用,在山坡背面坡风速则会急剧减小,同时风向也会发生变化,产生尺度较小的涡旋以及不规则的回流。经计算,该地区刮北风时探测点风速相较于入口风速减小,东风时探测点风速略有增加,而西风入口风速条件下观测点风速变化最大,初始入口风速为西风30m/s时,7200秒后观测点风速在水平方向上的分量最大可达44.55m/s。     

应用组合法计算三维非线性涡流场中的损耗

在样条积分方程法，有限元法和表面阻抗法的基础上，提出了一种求解三维非线性磁场中涡流损耗的新方法－－组合法，其特点是针对工程电磁场数值计算中几种方法各自的适用范围，将求解区域划分为积分方程求解区和有限元求解区，通过边界条件的处理将两种算法耦合，考虑到波在导体中传播的特性，应用表面阻抗的概念，把导体内部的涡流损耗作用反映到导体表面，并与有限元方程耦合求解出导体表面的涡流损耗，针对ＴＥＡＭ ＷＯＲＫＳＨ     

Giant magneto-impedance and low-frequency magneto-resistance effect in NiFeB coated composite wires

Composite wires of 100 μm insulated CuBewire plated with a layer of NiFeB were produced by elec-troless-deposition, and their magnetic properties were stud-led. The results showed that a good magneto-impedance (MI)effect can be obtained at relatively low frequency. The largestMI ratio (△Z/Z)max obtained is 250% at 500 kHz. Mag-neto-resistance effect was also observed at low frequency,with the (△R/R)max observed to be -8.5% at 540 Hz and 38.7% at 10 kHz. Results are discussed, and the equivalent resistance and inductance as the result of the NiFeB layer are taken into account.     

地形和湍流交换非均匀对边界层Ekman抽吸的影响

利用地转动量近似理论,讨论地形和湍流交换系数K存在水平不均匀的条件下,获得了边界 层顶Ekman抽吸的解析结果和动力特征.研究表明:在不考虑地形强迫情况下,湍流交换系数的水平变化对Ekman抽吸有明显的影响,而且这种影响的强弱与Rossby数大小有关.而在地形与湍流交换系数的共同作用下,地形的影响是边界层顶的垂直速度分布的主导性因素.