40Ar/39Ar同位素体系及其在地学上的应用

40Ar/39Ar同位素体系大体经历了3个技术阶段常规 40Ar/39Ar定年技术、40Ar/39Ar分步加热定年技术和40Ar/39Ar激光显微探针定年技术.研究表明可以通过大气中40Ar/39Ar比值随时间的变化窥探地球去气作用的时间和强度;40Ar/39Ar法不仅有助于研究岩浆冷却过程和花岗岩侵位机制等岩浆动力学的历史和壳幔演化,而且对研究热液成矿年龄也是很有效方法之一;在一定的地质条件下,沉积地层时代越老,40Ar/39Ar值越高;当今40Ar/39Ar年代法已为全球环境演变研究提供了一种强有力的工具.     

河北滦县一带含铁变质岩系K-Ar等时年龄值及其地质年代意义

近年来,一些地质科研单位及大专院校对冀东前震旦亚界变质岩系进行了许多同位素年龄值的测定,据不完全统计,共有60余件。其中除少数Rb-Sr和U-Pb年龄值外,大部分为K-Ar年龄值。然而这些K-Ar年龄值一般偏低,同一地质体中的测定数据又往往不一致,与基本的地质事实相矛盾,应用困难,引起了对此法测定变质岩年龄的怀疑。为解决这一问题,试用K-Ar等时线法可能是一条新的路子。我们近年来在冀东地区主要是滦县一带的铁矿研究工作中,测定了含铁变质岩系的一些单矿物K-Ar年龄数据,本文试     

浙江翼龙化石层的K-Ar年龄及地质意义

在浙江省临海市上盘镇岙里村北首次发现浙江翼龙化石的地层剖面上,共采集了8块火山碎屑岩石标本。在系统薄片观察的基础上,经过特殊处理,分选出其中的长石单矿物,用K-Ar同位素稀释技术定年。其表观年龄值域自76.5Ma至83.3Ma,中值为81.1Ma。~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar-~(40)K/~(36)Ar等时线年龄在相关系数为0.9990时是81.5 Ma。这一年龄在国际地层表中当属晚白垩,该年龄值既是浙江翼龙的年龄,又是该化石所赋存的塘上组火山沉积岩的形成时代。浙江翼龙的进化特征和产出时代可与北美洲的相对比。     

20世纪末激光显微探针定年把K-Ar年代学推向了新的里程碑

已有50年历史的K-Ar定年法,由于过剩Ar和Ar丢失的普遍发现,使其最广泛的应用面临着严重挑战。在20世纪的最后几年,以激光显微探针⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar定年方法的完善和精度的提高为标志,把K-Ar年代学研究推向了一个新高度。微区微量高精度高分辨定年,把定年时限扩展到人类历史范畴,精细的分析技术拓宽了年代学的应用范围,使之解决的地质问题更广泛。     

国内期刊亮点

正青藏高原东北缘白银矿田表生黄钾铁矾40Ar/39Ar年代学和H-O同位素地球化学的初步研究中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所陈蕾和李建威对青藏高原东北缘祁连山地区白银矿田折腰山块状硫化物矿床风化壳中表生黄钾铁矾进行了40Ar/39Ar年代学和H-O同位素地球化学的初步研究,为祁连     

无稀释剂法K-Ar定年的原理及地质应用

年轻火山物质K-Ar定年中Ar的精确测量一直是地质年代学研究的重要课题。在常规K-Ar定年法中,样品外来氩的⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar比值被假定为295.5。但研究表明,这种假定在某些情况下,尤其是在年轻样品的测量中受到了限制。一种无稀释剂的测Ar技术已在近年来得到了发展和应用。该方法的优势在于测氩系统不受³⁸Ar稀释剂的混染,利用标准大气的校准可测得样品中的⁴⁰Ar、³⁸Ar和³⁶Ar。考虑火山岩中大气氩分馏造成的影响,利用测得的³⁸Ar/³⁶Ar比值还可以对所测样品中的外来⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar比值进一步加以校正,给出精确的放射性成因⁴⁰Ar^*含量计算和K-Ar定年。目前,无稀释剂的K-Ar定年技术在地质上已有广泛应用,并能取得晚第三纪到第四纪可靠的年龄,对地质事件做出合理地解释和重建岩浆活动历史。对无稀释剂法K-Ar定年原理及地质应用的介绍,将为K-Ar年代学应用于研究晚第三纪以来的年轻火山岩提供一种有力的手段和解决途径。     

华南武夷山早古生代构造事件的^40Ar／^39Ar同位素年龄研究

华南武夷山地区广泛发育一套强烈韧性剪切变形的中、高级变质岩系,其新生矿物白云母非常普遍.对武夷山南麓政和县蝴碟街大理岩和北麓弋阳县慈竹片麻状花岗岩中的动力变质矿物白云母进行40Ar/39Ar法同位素测年,分别获得391±3Ma和421±8Ma的坪年龄值,以及385±5Ma和422±6Ma的等时线年龄值,时代相当于志留纪末到泥盆纪初.结合地质证据,认为武夷山地区存在过一期早古生代沉积作用和早古生代末期的构造热事件.至少有一期的强烈韧性剪切变形和糜棱岩化作用是该构造事件所导致     

江西庐山中生代构造事件的40Ar/39Ar同位素年龄研究

江西庐山"星子变质核杂岩"中发育有大量中生代花岗岩,这些花岗岩中具有强烈的韧脆性剪切变形,典型的新生变质矿物为绢云母.通过对庐山海会花岗岩(其形成年龄为122～130 Ma)中动力变质矿物绢云母进行40Ar/39Ar法同位素测年,分别获得104.22 Ma±0.18 Ma和104.95 Ma±0.22 Ma的坪年龄值,以及104.7 Ma土0.36 Ma和105.03Ma±0.8 Ma的等时线年龄值,这表明江西庐山地区在130～104 Ma期间经历了从伸展构造环境向左行走滑构造环境的转变.     

藏北火车头山新生代火山岩的岩石特征与时代

火车头山地区的新生代火山岩位于藏北火山岩带的中段,火山岩主要以熔岩被、平顶山、火山锥的形式产出,熔岩厚约20 ～300 m.对其矿物组合、矿物化学和岩石化学的研究表明,为一套强碱性的碱玄岩-响岩组合.根据火山岩的接触关系、K-Ar和40Ar/39Ar同位素年龄测定结果,可分为三期.第Ⅰ期(年龄为34～32 Ma)火山喷发较弱,形成小范围分布的白榴碧玄岩;第Ⅱ期(年龄为29～26 Ma)火山喷溢最为强烈,形成大面积厚层白榴石响岩、响岩质碱玄岩和粗斑状霞石响岩;第Ⅲ期(年龄为24～19 Ma)火山喷发较弱,岩性为白榴碱玄岩和白榴碱玄质响岩.     

西昆仑北带早志留世构造作用及其区域地质意义

目的 探讨西昆仑北带的早古生代构造-热事件信息,为北昆仑的碰撞造山作用时限提供新的证据.方法 对原划为古元古界的埃连卡特群片麻岩中的白云母进行40 Ar/39 Ar 同位素地质年代学研究,并结合区域地质分析.结果 埃连卡特群片麻岩中白云母40 Ar/39 Ar 坪谱年龄和等时线年龄分别为434.9 Ma±4.6Ma,436.1 Ma±4.8 Ma.结论 早志留世的这次构造-热事件应该是库地-其曼于特新元古代-奥陶纪洋盆闭合之后中昆仑地块与塔里木地块之间的碰撞造山作用.     

Alkylammonium cations treating and K-Ar dating of illite from mudstones

Two kinds of mudstones from the Tarim Basin and the Tuha Basin were treated with C8 and C18 alkylammonium cations. Both of them were dated by the K-Ar method. One kind of rock contains mainly diagenetic illite, and the other contains mixed layer illite/smectite (I/S). Sample separation and alkylammonium cations treatment were performed first, and K-Ar dating followed. The result shows that fine-grained minerals have younger K-Ar ages and coarse-grained components have older ages. Plots of K-Ar age versus K2O (%) are linear, the range of diagenetic age can be estimated by extrapolation. The reaction results of the above samples are different after alkylammonium cations treatments. The samples containing mainly illite show a decrease in K2O and an increase in age by 1-25 Ma, suggesting that preferential exchange of young diagenetic clay rather than detrital clay by alkylammonium cations, therefore the age of diagenetic illite can be calculated directly by the % K2O and radiogenic 40Ar removed. For the I/S dominant samples, detrital illite was opened preferentially by C8 alkylammonium cations treatment. Detrital age can be calculated, but it is hard to obtain the diagentic age directly.     

New evidence Ⅱ for MDD model of thermal evolution history of Gangdese batholith

The cooling curves are obtained using specific 40Ar/39Ar stage heating procedure and MDD modeling. In addition to the results of dating hornblende (K-Ar) and apatite (FT), the widespread existence of rapid cooling events has further been confirmed. A new knowledge of the starting time of Gangdese overthrust faulting in the east of Zedang, which was earlier in south and later in north is acquired.     

New evidence II for MDD model of thermal evolution history of Gangdese batholith

The cooling curves are obtained using specific⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar stage heating procedure and MDD modeling. In addition to the results of dating hornblende (K-Ar) and apatite (FT), the widespread existence of rapid cooling events has further been confirmed. A new knowledge of the starting time of Gangdese overthrust faulting in the east of Zedang, which was earlier in south and later in north is acquired.     

40Ar-39Ar and U-Pb ages of metadiorite from the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt: Evidence for Early-Paleozoic magmatic zone and excess argon in amphibole minerals

Single-grain zircon U-Pb and amphibole 40Ar-39Ar dating have been conducted on a deformed and metamorphosed diorite in the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt, which intruded into the middle Proterozoic Kuhai Group exposed in the south of Xiangride region, Dulan County, NW Qinghai Province. The zircon gives a concordant U-Pb age of (446.5±9.1) Ma. The amphibole yields Ar plateau age of (488.0±1.2) Ma and an isochronal age of (488.9±5.6) Ma. Age results of both stepwise released Ar and conventional K-Ar analysis are remarkably higher than that of zircon U-Pb, suggesting that the amphibole contains excess argon and the amphibole plateau age cannot be taken as the timing of metamorphism or deformation. The zircon age is interpreted to be crystallization age of the diorite pluton, which suggests that an Early-Paleozoic magmatic zone indeed existed in the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt stretching along the region south to the Golmud, Normuhong and Xiangride.     

^40Ar／^39Ar dating of Daqingshan thrust

The Daqingshan thrust system is an important part of the western segment of the Mesozoic Yinshan-Yanshan orogenic belt. Therefore, much attention has been paid to the thrusts due also to their large-scale and entirely devel-oped structural elements and typical structural styles. Studies and progress have been concentrated on the ge-ometry, kinematics, dating and dynamic mechanism of the thrust and thrusting. To date, there have been no reliable published isotopic data, however, on the dating…     

Influence of olivine grains on K-Ar dating of Late-Cenozoic olivine basalts in eastern China

Five Late-Cenozoic olivine basalt samples, taken from 3 young volcanoes (Keluo, Lianhuashan and Qinglongshan) located in the north of Heilongjian Province, were dated by the conventional K-Ar dating method. The apparent ages of whole rock are (0. 06 ±0. 01) Ma, (0.15 ±0.03) Ma, (0.17 ±0.02) Ma, (21.10 ±0.13) Ma and (24.46 ±0.10) Ma, respectively. In the crushed sample grains (mush number 80–100) olivine (including phynocryst and xenocryst)was picked out under a binocular microscope, then apparent ages obtained are (0.03 ±0.01) Ma, (0.06 ±0.01) Ma, (0.07 ±0.03) Ma, (2.31 ±0.02) Ma and (1.50 ±0.21) Ma, respectively. The apparent ages of the o-livine-picked out sample are come down (younger) 50% to over 90%. There are a lot of the Late-Cenozoic volcanic olivine basalt outcropping in eastern China, probably the age-datings of those basalt samples in which olivine grains are unpicked out are older than the true geological ages. The inference and conclusion drawn from those datings should be renewed.     

第四纪沉积物常用测年方法及其适用性研究

由于沉积环境与成因的不同,第四纪地层的岩性、成分、结构和厚度在短尺度空间范围内可能发生明显的变化,地表松散沉积物在自然营力的作用下容易受到剥蚀、搬运和再沉积;在气候变化、生物活动、特别是水的作用下,其化学成分和结构也会发生变化,因此,第四纪地层不仅在空间上复杂多变,而且其组成、岩性等也随时间变化。本文讨论了第四纪松散沉积物的测年问题,对各种测年方法适用的测定对象与测年范围作了分析和对比,力求获得最接近于地层沉积年龄或地质事件发生年龄的数据。