Preparation and mineralization of PLGA/Gt electrospun fiber mats

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)/gelatin(Gt) ultrafine composite fibers were fabricated via electro-spinning.The effect of gelatin on the morphology and tensile property of the electrospun fiber mats was investigated.Mineralization was carried out in 10×simulated body fluid(10SBF).The deposited calcium phosphate(CaP) was identified by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).Results indicated that the av...     

Surface Modification of Electrospun Poly(L-lactide)/Poly(ε-caprolactone) Fibrous Membranes by Plasma Treatment and Gelatin Immobilization

Biopolymer fibers have great potential for technical applications in biomaterials. The surface properties of fibers are of importance in these applications. In this study, electrospun poly(L-lactide)(PLLA)/poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL) membranes were modified by cold plasma treatment and coating gelatin to improve the surface hydrophilic properties. The morphologies of the fibers were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Atomic force microscopy(AFM) was employed to show the surface characteristics of the fibers. The chemical feature of the fibrous membrane surfaces was examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The surface wettability of the fibrous membrane was also characterized by water contact angle measurements. All these results show that plasma treatment can have profound effects on the surface properties of fibrous membranes by changing their surface physical and chemical features. Gelatin-PLLA/PCL membrane has great potential in applications of tissue engineering scaffolds.     

Dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol by nickel nanoparticles under the acidic conditions

Metal nanoparticles are effective for remediation of contamination with a range of compounds including chlorinated organics.However,the sorption process of the passivation oxide layers on the metal nanoparticle surfaces may result in incomplete degradation of contaminants.This phenomenon can be prevented by an acidic washing procedure or reaction in an acidic medium.In this paper,nickel nanoparticles manufactured via the carbonyl powder process were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.The sorption and degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) by nickel nanoparticles under acidic conditions was then investigated.Transmission electron microscopy and XRD results showed that the nickel nanoparticles range in size from 10 to 20 nm,and a thin passivation layer of NiO is present on the surface.This oxide layer can be removed by pretreatment washing with acidic solutions.It was indicated that dechlorination was the key reaction pathway for degradation of 2,4-DCP by nickel nanoparticles under acidic conditions.The main degradation products were 4-Chlorophenol,2-Chlorophenol,and Phenol,and among these,Phenol was dominant.The acidic medium promoted degradation by providing an appropriate pH,and H+ may be involved in the reaction.Dechlorination of 2,4-DCP by nickel nanoparticles under the acidic condition follows the second order kinetic model,and the rate constants at 298,306,316 K are 0.02,0.2 and 0.3 (g L h)-1,respectively.     

Preparation of Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes electrode and its application in pentachlorophenol photoelectrocatalytic degradation

Zn-doped titanium oxide （TiO2） nanotubes electrode was prepared on a titanium plate by direct anodic oxidation and immersing method in sequence. Field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） showed that the Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes were well aligned and organized into high density uniform arrays with diameter ranging from 50 to 90 nm. The length and the thickness were about 200 and 15 nm respectively. TiO2 anatase phase was identified by X-ray diffraction （XRD）. X-ray photoelectronspectroscopy （XPS） indicated that Zn ions were mainly located on the surface of TiO2 nanotubes in form of ZnO clusters. Compared with TiO2 nanotubes electrode, about 20 nm red shift in the spectrum of UV-vis absorption was observed. The degradation of pentachlorophenol （PCP） in aqueous solution under the same condition （initial concentration of PCP： 20 mg/L; concentration of Na2SO4：0.01 mol/L and pH： 7.03） was carried out using Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes electrode and TiO2 nanotubes electrode. The degradation rates of PCP using Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes electrode were found to be twice and 5.8 times as high as that using TiO2 nanotubes electrode by UV radiation （400 μw/cm^2） and visible light radiation （4500 μw/cm^2）, respectively. 73.5% of PCP was removed using Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes electrode against 45.5% removed using TiO2 nanotubes electrode in 120 min under UV radiation. While under visible light radiation, the degradation efficiency of PCP was 18.4% using Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes electrode against 3.2% using TiO2 nanotubes electrode in 120 min. The optimum concentration of Zn doping was found to be 0.909%. The PCP degradation efficiencies of the 10 repeated experiments by Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes electrode were rather stable with the deviation within 3.0%.     

Tussah Silk Fibroin Porous Scaffolds Prepared with a Mild Self-assembly Process for Controlled Drug Release

Besides excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility,a useful tissue engineering scaffold should provide favorable surface properties,outstanding mechanical strength and controlled drug release property. In this paper,a mild process to prepare porous tussah silk fibroin（ TSF） scaffolds from aqueous solution was described. The n-butanol was used to control the self-assembly of tussah silk. The scaffolds with different TSF concentrations and the same volume showed differences in pore size and distribution. The maximum porosity of the poprepared porous scaffolds was 80% in this paper. And the pore size of the prepared porous scaffolds with different concentrations was between 10μm and 230 μm. X-ray diffraction（ XRD） analysis revealed that amorphous TSF was crystallized to β-sheet secondary structure upon gelatin. The TSF scaffolds for controlled drug release was studied and the result showed that the time of drug release was significantly longer. The produced TSF scaffolds with sustained drug release have potential application in tissue engineering.     

Preparation,Characterization, and Antitumor Efficacy of,Camptothecine-Loaded Hydroxyapatite / Poly （lactic-co,glycolic acid ） Composite Nanofibers via Electrospinning

In the past decade, various medicated nanofibrous scaffolds have been developed as effective drug delivery systems for postsurglcal cancer treatment. In this study, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles （HANPs） were used as carriers to load an anticancer （CPT）, and the CPT-Ioaded HANPs （CPT @HANPs） was then incorporated into poly（ lactic-co.glycolic acid） （PLGA） nanofibers via electrospinning. Thus fabricated medicated nanofibrous mats （ PLGA /CPT @ HANPs） were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope （FESEM）, transmission electron microscope （TEM）, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （ATR-FTIR） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The release prof＇des of CPT from the medicated electrospun mats were obtained and their in vitro anticancer efficacy against HeLa cells was also evaluated. The results showed that the CPT was successfully loaded onto the surface of HANPs, and the prepared electrospun mats exhibited a homogeneous and continuous morphology. Furthermore, the loaded CPT exhibited a sustained release behavior from the nanoflbrous mats and the released CPT showed a long-term anticancer efficacy against HeLa cells. Therefore, the prepared medicated electrospun mats may be served as an effective drug delivery device for local antitumor treatment.     

Influence of Dispersion of Nano-Zn0 Particles in Polymer Matrices on Properties of Relevant Nano Composite Fibers

The surface-passivated and non-surface-passivated zinc oxide nano-particles （marked as s-nanoZnO and ns-nanoZnO respectively） were evenly dispersed in polymer solutions with the aid of ultrasonic vibration to prepare nanocomposite film by free casting and to prepare nanocomposite fibers by wet spinning and to prepare nancomposites coating by surface smearing. The dispersion of s-nanoZnO and nsnanoZnO in PAN matrix were observed by transmittance electron microscopy, the mechanical properties of the relevant compesite samples were studied by INSRTON tensile strength tester. It was found that s-nanoZnO behaves a well-dispersed morphology in PAN films and fibers when its concentration was 2 wt% but ns-nanoZnO nano particles agglomerate into larger congeries in PAN films. It means that the surface-passivated process oft zinc oxide nano. particles was effective to disperse. The relative intensity and elonsation at break of s-nanoZnO-PAN composite fibers show maximum values with the increase of nano particle content in compesites （from 0 wt% to 2 wt% of s- nanoZnO）. The elasticity of the composite fibers increases whereas their modulus declines. Balanced the changes of the properties mentioned above, 2 wt% s-nanoZnO in PAN matrix is a proper content for the composite fibers spun by wet spinning. The result of surface smearing test means that the reactim between s-nanoZnO and polymer can be indicated by the color of nanocomposite surface coat on fibers.     

Distribution of bone marrow stem cells in large porous polyester scaffolds

This work examined the optimal syringing depth during in vitro cell loading in order to even cell distribution after syringing a drop of cell suspension in cylinder poly（lactide-co-glycolide） （PLGA） porous scaffolds. The scaffolds of 10 mm height and 10 mm diameter were fabricated via room-temperature compression molding ＆ particulate leaching technique based on spherical porogens. In vitro tests were employed for such examinations： a global observation of a cell-loaded scaffold stained by the 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） technique and a quantitative measurement of spatial distribution of cells after slicing the cell-loaded scaffolds into layers. It was found that an even distribution of cells was soon achieved only if the initial cell suspension was seeded on the layer that was below the top surface but above the middle of scaffolds. The availability of in vitro osteoblastic differentiation of rat bone marrow stem cells in such a kind of spherical-pore PLGA scaffolds was meanwhile confirmed.     

Formation of drug-loaded electrospun twin fibers

Electrospinning is a well-known process for producing submicrometer fibers, which have wide applications in many fields, especially in tissue engineering scaffolds and drug-delivery systems. This paper presents the formation of drug-loaded electrospun twin fibers. The correlations between the twin fiber formation and the polymer materials or the loaded drugs were studied by using poly(l-lactide) and poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) as electrospinning materials, and rifampin and paclitaxel as loaded drugs. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the formation of twin fibers is significantly affected by the loaded drug but not the polymer material. A possible reason for twin fiber formation was analyzed.     

Preparation of fiber-microsphere scaffolds for loading bioactive substances in gradient amounts

Gradient scaffolds are needed for interface tissue regeneration. In this study, a technique combining electrospinning and electrospraying was developed for preparing poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) fiber-microsphere scaffolds for loading bioactive substances in gradient amounts. The gradient fiber-microsphere scaffolds contain two sheets of electrospun membranes and a sheet of microspheres loaded with bioactive substances in gradient amounts between the electrospun membranes. The morphologies of the gradient scaffolds were characterized and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was loaded as a model bioactive substance. The amount of BSA-loaded microspheres decreased gradually along the length of the gradient scaffold. The addition of poly (ethylene glycol) significantly improved the hydrophilicity of the gradient scaffold and the release behavior of BSA with respect to the gradient became apparent, with differences in the release amounts along the length of the gradient scaffold being observed. The biocompatibility of the gradient scaffold was verified using MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cells. The study demonstrated that the combination of electrospinning and electrospraying was a feasible method for the preparation of gradient scaffolds for potential applications in interface tissue engineering.     

采光屋面设计中一些问题和解决方法

本文提出了目前在采光屋面设计中存在的一些问题和相应的解决方法。     

B超对不孕妇女卵泡发育情况的监测

本文对介绍１９９５－１９９７年间Ｂ超对３２例不孕妇女卵泡发育情况的监测方法及结果进行了讨论。     

大米精度与色泽品种水分的关系

本文介绍了在粮食检验中大米的加工精度与色泽,品种和水分的关系及鉴别方法。     

胃电图的信息分析

本文利用信息理论中数据熵及熵差的定义，对胃电图主频／主功率的稳定性进行分析，并将之与数据方差／标准差相比较，从而证实了这是一种处理胃电图频谱的有效方法。     

病毒性肝炎病人心理分析和护理

本文对一年我们病房２６例各型肝炎病人的心理状态与特征进行了系统和分析并提出了护理措施。     

基于聚集诱导发光原理研究三苯胺醛-丙二腈复合物的电化学发光效应

基于聚集诱导发光（AIE）原理研究了三苯胺醛-丙二腈（MT）复合物的电化学发光（ECL）效应,成功合成MT复合物,研究其在水/二甲基亚砜（H₂O/DMSO）体系和牛血清蛋白（BSA）体系中的荧光增强效应.MT溶解于不同配比的H₂O/DMSO时,体系中的聚集效果也不同,随着水含量的增加,荧光效应逐步增强,ECL强度也逐步增强.同时,因为BSA本身具有疏水和亲水基团,当BSA与有机物混合时,疏水部分将复合物包裹在一起,限制其分子中基团的振动和转动,通过BSA体系进行聚集诱导能够观察到非常明显的荧光增强效应及ECL增强效应.文章结合聚集诱导效应和ECL,为ECL探针的研究提供了新的思路.     

全氟辛酸对小鼠肝脏相关酶系的影响

目的:观察全氟辛酸对小鼠肝脏相关酶系的影响。方法:将小鼠随机分为4组,分别为空白组、1/16LD50、1/8LD50和1/4LD50组,染毒14 d后采用试剂盒法测定肝组织匀浆中琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、血清中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和血清中单胺氧化酶(MAO)含量的变化。结果:染毒组肝组织中SDH活性显著低于空白组(P0.01),随染毒剂量增加呈递减趋势;染毒组血清中LDH和MAO活性显著高于空白组(P0.01)。随染毒剂量增加呈递增趋势。结论:全氟辛酸通过损伤肝细胞线粒体,破坏能量代谢,进而损伤肝组织,可致肝坏死。     

铁、铜、锌对鲫鱼生长和非特异免疫的影响

在基础饲料中分别添加Fe~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)喂养鲫鱼(Carassius auratus),以血清抗菌活力、溶菌活力、过氧化氢酶活力为指标,分析了Fe~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)对鲫鱼生长和非特异免疫的影响.研究结果表明:饲料中添加Fe~(2+)250 mg/kg或者Cu~(2+)5 mg/kg或者Zn~(2+)15 mg/kg能促进鲫鱼的生长;不同浓度的微量元素对鲫鱼非特异免疫能力有较大的影响;基础饲料中分别添加Cu~(2+)15 mg/kg、Zn~(2+)15 mg/kg时鲫鱼血清抗菌活力最强;分别添加Fe~(2+)150 mg/kg、Cu~(2+)5 mg/kg、Zn~(2+)15 mg/kg时鲫鱼血清的溶菌活力明显高于对照组;添加Fe~(2+)250 mg/kg或者Cu~(2+)5 mg/kg或者Zn~(2+)15 mg/kg鲫鱼血清中过氧化氢酶活力最强;适量添加Fe~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)能促进鱼类生长和提高免疫力,提高饲料利用率.     

量子辛型群@(Spq(6))的一种实现

 通过U_q(sp(6))的最高权模的自然表示理论,给出了 量子辛型群@(Sp_q(6))的所有定义关系式。     

传染病婴幼儿的心理护理

本文主要观察２００例急性传染病婴幼儿,提出了运用心理活动规律进行护理的措施和方法。