一种高效节能的无线传感器网络簇间多路径路由协议

基于簇的路由协议是无线传感器网络的研究热点,本文针对现有的簇间路由协议没有考虑网络负载的均衡,提出一种高效节能的无线传感器网络簇间多路径路由协议。该协议基于簇头节点到汇聚节点的最小跳数生成从簇头节点到汇聚节点的多条路径,根据簇节点的剩余能量和负载将数据通信均匀分布在不同的路径上,从而达到簇头节点间的负载均衡。仿真实验结果表明,该路由协议能有效地均衡网络负载,节省簇头节点能量,从而延长网络的生存时间。     

一种分簇式无线传感器网络中高效的路由协议

分簇式无线传感器网络中,由于簇头节点担负数据融合的任务,减少了数据通信量,使得该类网络适合于大规模网络的部署.但已提出的分簇式路由协议中,节点通信过程中耗费的能量多、不能有效地均衡节点消耗的能量,以致部分节点失效快、网络生存时间短.针对现有的分簇式无线传感器网络路由协议的不足,提出一种改进的路由协议,该协议能进一步减少节点的能量消耗,延长网络的生存周期.     

基于模糊算法和最短路径的LEACH改进协议

无线传感器网络是由部署在监测区域的大量传感器节点通过无线通信形成的自组织网络系统,传感器节点存在着电源能量、计算和通信能力有限等制约因素.为了均衡无线传感器网络中节点能量的消耗,延长无线传感器网络的工作寿命,提出一种基于模糊算法和最短路径的LEACH改进协议ILAFASP.该协议簇头选举时,采用模糊算法考虑相对节点剩余能量、相对集中度、相对节点度计算出每个节点的优先度,根据优先度选举簇头;在数据传送阶段,在源节点和基站之间建立最短多跳数据传输路径,减少簇头数据传输的能耗.仿真表明,该协议能够均衡节点能量的消耗,延长整个网络的工作寿命.     

能量高效的无线传感器网络稳定分簇路由协议

针对无线传感器网络能量受限和能量消耗不均衡问题,提出了一种能量高效的稳定分簇(energy-efficient steady clustering,EESC)路由协议,其核心思想是:当前簇头根据其簇成员节点的剩余能量信息决定下一轮簇头,下一轮簇头上任后,非簇头节点根据能量距离函数决定加入哪个簇头,簇间通过簇头最小能量耗费判定依据来决定采用单跳还是多跳通信方式向基站发送数据.EESC路由协议每轮产生的簇头数量稳定,综合了分布式和集中式两类分簇协议的优点.实验结果表明,EESC路由协议不仅高效地利用了网络节点有限的能量,而且均衡了节点的能量消耗,显著地延长了网络的存活时间.     

基于能量均衡的WSN多跳非均匀分簇路由算法

在无线传感器网络路由协议中采用多跳通信的方式能够减少通讯距离、增强网络通讯的稳定性并提高网络能量利用效率,但是,由于靠近汇聚节点的簇头需要转发大量数据,容易导致能量快速衰竭而失效,造成"能量空洞"现象.提出了一种新型的基于能量均衡的多跳非均匀分簇路由算法(MUCRA),采用逐层成簇的策略,簇头以一定的半径广播分层信号,...     

一种用于设备监测的高效无线传感器网络多跳同步时分协议

基于冶金企业设备监测的背景提出了一种无线传感器网络多跳同步时分协议.该协议采用自组织的层次拓扑控制方式,以簇头构成系统的骨干网,通过可靠路由方式传输数据.簇内节点组成局部网络以较小的发射功率采用分时多跳的方式将数据传输到距离较远的簇头,通过同步休眠机制降低功耗、满足传输时延要求.在冶金企业实际设备监测系统中的应用表明该协议具有扩展性强、传输可靠、信号延迟小和功耗低等特点.     

一种基于WSN的协议改进算法分析

针对无线传感器网络(WSN)路由协议LEACH 算法中簇首分配不均以及簇首与Sink节点直接通信的问题,提出一种新的无线传感器网络LEACH路由算法.该算法通过节点能量分簇,并在簇首的数据发送过程中引入了改进的多跳路由算法.仿真结果表明,改进后的算法在网络生存时间和节省能量上比LEACH 算法有了很大提高.     

无线传感器网络LEACH路由协议的簇头多跳算法

针对无线传感器网络LEACH路由协议簇头分布不均匀、网络拓扑和能量消耗不均衡的问题,提出基于DCHS簇头选择策略的无线传感器网络LEACH路由协议的簇头多跳算法LEACH-MUL。该算法在非簇头节点中选择一个节点作为通信簇头节点,其它簇头节点进行融合后的数据发送到该簇头节点并进行数据再次融合,最后通信簇头节点将数据融合后的结果数据发送到基站BS。LEACH-MUL算法能够有效地均衡节点能耗,提高能量利用率,延长网络寿命。     

基于能量优化分簇的WSN路由协议

针对无线传感器网络的特点,在LEACH协议的基础上,提出一种新的能量优化分簇路由算法。该算法使用能量因子修正了LEACH协议中的阈值,产生簇头;再选取距离最近的两个节点形成节点对,选择能量高的节点采集发送数据,采集的数据最后通过簇头融合提交给基站,从而减少了节点的能量消耗。MTLAB仿真结果显示该协议有效延长网络的稳定期。     

基于双簇头无线传感器网络分簇算法的研究

针对无线传感器网络分簇协议中簇头及附近节点能量消耗不均衡的问题,提出了一种基于双簇头的无线传感器网络分簇路由算法。该算法利用双簇头的网络模型来解决节点侦测信道消耗能量的问题;构造了适应值函数和能量消耗函数用于选择和优化簇头,提高网络能量消耗的均衡性,降低网络能耗。实验结果证明了该算法的有效性。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.