香菇菌汤煮制工艺优化及其非挥发性特征风味物质研究

通过单因素实验和正交试验以感官评定及固形物溶出率为评价指标对香菇菌汤煮制工艺进行优化,并采用高效液相色谱技术对煮制后香菇及汤液中非挥发性特征风味物质进行测定。结果表明,当煮制温度为120℃、煮制时间为45min、香菇质量浓度为0.050g/mL时,香菇菌汤感官评价及固形物溶出率较好。在煮制过程中,香菇中风味物质逐渐向汤液中转移,使得汤液中可溶性糖醇、有机酸、呈味核苷酸等非挥发性风味物质含量显著高于煮制后香菇中含量。除此之外,在煮制后汤液中,特征性风味氨基酸含量也显著高于煮制后香菇中含量。但是,与新鲜香菇相比风味氨基酸在煮制后汤液及香菇中绝大多数含量有所降低。     

猪血血活素的制备和性能

以猪血为材料,运用热变性和乙醇除杂蛋白,再经过旋转蒸发、离子交换、活性炭脱色、浓缩得到血活素产品,并对产品进行了性能分析。结果表明:该产品已基本无大分子蛋白,干物质含量在25.6 mg/mL。微量金属含量为铜0.04 mg/mL、锌0.003 2 mg/mL、铁0.4μg/mL。运用该产品代替小牛血清培养细胞,细胞生长较明显,虽然与小牛血清培养效果存在差距,但可看出该产品在细胞培养方面具有潜在的开发前途。     

蒜头果果仁中7种金属元素含量的测定

采用湿法硝酸—高氯酸对蒜头果果仁进行了消解前处理,用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定了蒜头果果仁中Al、Ca、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Zn 7种金属元素的含量。结果表明,7种元素含量分别为18.65μg/g,192.6μg/g,9.946μg/g,12.12 mg/g,2.259 mg/g,25.55μg/g和23.46μg/g。元素的检出限为0.001 2～0.169 8μg/mL,RSD=1.04%～7.58%(n=5),回收率为97.49%～109.6%。建立了蒜头果果仁中7种金属元素含量测定方法。该方法简便、快速,测定结果准确可靠。     

CTAB包被的不同形态纳米金的制备及其抗菌性能研究

本文以CTAB为包被试剂合成了球形、棒状和三角形三种不同形态的纳米金颗粒,研究了它们对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusaureus,S.aureus)和大肠杆菌(Escherichiacoli,E.coli)杀菌性能的差异.通过平板计数法和浊度法;确定了它们对两种菌的最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentrations,MBC)和最小抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentrations,MIC).棒状纳米金、三角形纳米金、球形纳米金对大肠杆菌的MIC分别为0.65μg/mL、3.71μg/mL、21.21μg/mL,MBC分别为1.30μg/mL、11.09μg/mL、21.21μg/mL;对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC分别为0.26μg/mL、0.56μg/mL、2.65μg/mL,MBC分别为0.52μg/mL、1.11μg/mL、2.65μg/mL.结果表明无论是对大肠杆菌还是金黄色葡萄球菌,棒状纳米金的杀菌效果均高于其它两种形态,并且三种不同形态的纳米金对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌效果均优于大肠杆菌.     

虫草真菌克列特尼棒束孢霉菌丝体主要成分分析

从新鲜冬虫夏草上分离得到一株虫草真菌,经鉴定定名为克列特尼棒束孢霉(Isaria cretacea Morris)。并对冬虫夏草和此菌干菌丝体的主要化学成分进行了比较。结果表明,冬虫夏草与克列特尼棒束孢霉的粗蛋白含量相应为23.39mg/100mg和23.69mg/100mg;氨基酸含量为6.741mg/100mg和5.762mg/100mg;虫草菌素含量为66.99μg/g和249.71μg/g。此外,对二者的甘露醇和麦角甾醇结晶的熔点、紫外光谱、红外光谱等也进行了分析,表明二者均具有相同的性质。     

川藏地区产油菜籽中有效化学成分含量比较研究

目的:比较川藏地区产油菜籽中有效化学成分的含量.方法:以有效化学成分含量为指标,采用紫外分光光度法分别测定油菜籽中酚酸、植酸、硫甙以及原花青素的含量.结果:四川产油菜籽中酚酸含量为76.7 mg/g,植酸含量为55.0 mg/g,硫甙含量为20.4μmol/g,原花青素含量为518.6μg/g;西藏产油菜籽中酚酸含量为52.4 mg/g,植酸含量为76.7 mg/g,硫甙含量为128.7μmol/g,原花青素含量为870.2μg/g.结论:四川和西藏地区产油菜籽中有效化学成分的含量具有较明显的差异.     

猕猴桃中维生素C的高效液相色谱分析

用0.1%的草酸作为流动相,高效液相色谱法测定了猕猴桃中维生素C的含量.当维生素C浓度在0～500μg/mL范围内浓度与色谱峰面积呈正比关系,标准工作曲线线性相关系数为0.9915.实验结果表明:国产陕西猕猴桃维生素C含量最高,含量为234.41 mg/100 g,进口新西兰金果维生素C含量次之,含量为187.33 mg/100 g,进口新西兰绿果维生素C含量最低,含量为109.42 mg/100 g.     

基于Nrf2/HO-1信号通路探讨补阳还五汤对AngⅡ诱导的H9c2细胞铁死亡的保护作用

目的 基于Nrf2/HO-1铁死亡信号通路探讨补阳还五汤对血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngiotensinⅡ，AngⅡ）诱导的H9c2大鼠心肌细胞铁死亡的影响。 方法 体外培养H9c2心肌细胞，分别设正常组（ZC）、模型组（MX）、补阳还五汤低剂量组（BD）、补阳还五汤中剂量组（BZ）、补阳还五汤高剂量组（BG）和阳性对照组（YX）。除正常组外，其余各组采用1μM血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）建立心肌细胞损伤模型，同时补阳还五汤低、中、高剂量组分别用含0.5mg/mL、1mg/mL、2mg/mL补阳还五汤的培养基培养，阳性对照组使用含10μM铁死亡抑制剂Ferrostatin-1（Fer-1）的培养基培养，24h后收集细胞。采用CCK-8法检测各组心肌细胞活性；细胞铁含量检测试剂盒测定细胞内铁含量；免疫荧光染色法检测各组Nrf2蛋白表达；q-PCR法检测各组细胞核转录相关因子2（Nrf2）、血红加氧酶-1（HO-1）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4（GPX4）的mRNA表达水平；ELISA试剂盒检测细胞谷胱甘肽（GSH）和GPX4的蛋白表达水平；Western blot法检测Nrf2和HO-1的蛋白表达。结果 补阳还五汤高剂量组可明显提高AngⅡ诱导的H9c2细胞活力下降，减少AngⅡ条件下铁含量（P﹤0.05）；与模型组相比，补阳还五汤高剂量组能显著逆转AngⅡ诱导的H9c2细胞GSH、GPX4、Nrf2和HO-1的基因和蛋白表达水平的下降，使AngⅡ条件下受到抑制的Nrf2表达增加，与阳性对照组结果一致。结论 补阳还五汤可能通过Nrf2/HO-1信号通路调控心肌细胞铁死亡从而保护高血压继发的心肌损伤。     

微波高压消解-火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定痕量铜、锌、铁和锰

本文提出微波高压消解-火焰原子吸收光谱法(AG-FAAS)测定食用菌中痕量铜、锌、铁和锰的方法.该方法检出限Cu2 、Zn2 、Mn2 为:1.0×10-9g/mL和Fe3 为:5.0×10-9g/mL.Mn2 、Fe3 Cu2 和Zn2 的含量分别在0.250～4.000、0.500～2.500、0.100～0.500和0.300～1.500μg/mL范围内符合比尔定律,相关系数为0.9997～0.9999.此法用于茶树菇、香菇中铜、锌、铁和锰含量的测定,结果令人满意.     

温脾养胃颗粒中黄芪甲苷和芍药苷含量测定方法及其应用

为了对中药方剂温脾养胃颗粒进行科学的质量控制,本研究建立了君药黄芪和白芍的主要成分含量测定方法并应用于制剂的稳定性研究。分别建立适用于温脾养胃颗粒中黄芪甲苷和芍药苷含量测定的UHPLC-MS/MS和HPLC-UV方法,并以芍药苷含量为指标,通过影响因素试验和经典恒温试验进行制剂稳定性研究,拟定贮藏条件,预测有效期。结果表明,黄芪甲苷和芍药苷的线性范围分别为1～60μg/mL(r=0.999 8)、10～100μg/mL(r=0.999 6),颗粒剂中黄芪甲苷和芍药苷的平均含量分别为0.126 mg/g、1.02 mg/g。颗粒剂的指标成分含量受温度及光照影响较小,但对环境湿度相对敏感,应密封置阴凉干燥处保存,有效期至少为1年。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to