皂化交联改性橘子皮生物吸附剂对Cu2+的吸附

以生物废料橘子皮(OP)为原料,经乙醇、氢氧化钠和氯化钙处理,得到2种改性橘子皮生物吸附剂SOP和SCOP,并将它们用于对Cu2+的吸附.研究溶液pH值、吸附剂用量、吸附时间和Cu2+初始质量浓度对SOP和SCOP吸附性能的影响.结果表明:Cu2+在橘子皮生物吸附剂上的吸附速率快,可以用准二级动力学方程描述.SOP和SCOP对Cu2+的吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型,根据Langmuir模型计算SOP和SCOP饱和吸附量,分别为50.17 mg/g和72.73 mg/g,高于未改性的OP饱和吸附量(44.28 mg/g).改性后的橘子皮生物吸附剂可以再生重复使用5次以上.橘子皮经过改性处理后,化学稳定性提高,吸附能力增强,是性能良好的Cu2+吸附剂.     

小麦秸秆对含铜废水的吸附性能和动力学特征

利用小麦秸秆对含铜废水进行吸附研究.采用平衡吸附法研究秸秆投加量、溶液pH和反应时间对小麦秸秆吸附水溶液中Cu2+的影响.结果表明,pH显著影响小麦秸秆对Cu2+的吸附;其动力学行为很好的符合Lagergren 准二级反应动力学模型,吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型,在30℃时秸秆对Cu2+的饱和吸附量qm为24.6...     

聚多巴胺改性碳纳米管对Pb~(2+)的吸附性能

研究了聚多巴胺改性碳纳米管对水溶液中Pb2+离子的吸附性能,考察了初始pH和吸附时间对该吸附过程的影响.该过程的吸附动力学符合准二级动力学模型,通过Langmuir吸附等温式描述更为合适,属于单分子层吸附.同时,对聚多巴胺改性前后的碳纳米管吸附Pb2+的能力进行了对比研究.结果表明,多巴胺改性的碳纳米管对Pb2+的吸附性能优于原始碳纳米管,平衡吸附量可达34.0mg/g.     

碳纳米管薄膜对重金属离子吸附的研究及应用

采用刮涂法制备碳纳米管(CNT)薄膜,以铜离子(Cu2+)为例,研究了其吸附去除重金属离子的行为.结果表明,碳纳米管薄膜吸附Cu2+满足Langmuir等温吸附;278 K时符合准二级动力学模型,而在298 K和318 K时符合准一级动力学模型;在298 K时CNT薄膜吸附Cu2+的最大吸附量为4.14 mg/g.在应用层面,设计了一套基于该CNT薄膜的水处理器件.     

改性绿茶对Pb~(2+)的吸附性能研究

研究了甲醛改性绿茶对溶液中Pb2+的吸附行为,考察了溶液pH值、吸附时间、Pb2+初始质量浓度对吸附性能的影响,探讨了茶叶特殊结构与Pb2+吸附机理的内在联系.结果表明,溶液pH值、吸附时间、Pb2+初始质量浓度均影响其对Pb2+的吸附能力,Pb2+在改性绿茶上的吸附动力学符合准二级动力学方程式,其等温吸附行为可以用Langmuir等温线来描述.     

改性香菇培养基废料对模拟矿山酸性废水中Cu2+的吸附

采用碱+微波辅助磷酸酯化法对天然香菇培养基废料进行改性,制得改性香菇培养基废料(MSSS),并对其进行红外光谱分析.考察MSSS对模拟矿山酸性废水中较高浓度Cu2+的吸附动力学、吸附等温线以及溶液pH对吸附的影响,并对吸附饱和的MSSS进行焚烧处理试验.实验结果表明:改性处理使香菇培养基废料官能团数目及种类增多,吸附性能提高;MSSS对Cu2-的吸附量随着pH的升高而增大,在pH为0.7左右时,其对Cu2+的吸附量达到2.95 mg/g;吸附过程很好地拟合拟二级动力学模型;吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程,在pH为3时,最大吸附量为24.33 mg/g.焚烧后残渣中铜含量为92.48 mg/g,富集7.07倍.     

腐殖土对废水中Cu2+的吸附

研究了腐殖土对废水中Cu2+的吸附,并考察了吸附时间、Cu2+的初始浓度、腐殖土投加量、初始pH值和温度等因素对吸附过程的影响.通过吸附动力学、吸附等温线和红外光谱(FTIR)等方法探讨了吸附机理.试验条件下,单位腐殖土对Cu2+的吸附量随时间的延长而增加直至达到吸附平衡,随Cu2+的初始浓度增大和初始pH值的上升而增加,随腐殖土投加量的增加而减少,吸附过程温度的影响不显著.腐殖土吸附Cu2+的过程符合Lagergren准二级吸附速率方程和Freundlieh吸附等温方程,吸附过程以化学吸附为主,红外光谱分析表明,参与吸附的主要基团是羟基和芳香基等化学基团.     

环氧氯丙烷交联壳聚糖/海藻酸钠吸附铜离子的研究

以壳聚糖、海藻酸钠为原料,环氧氯丙烷为交联剂制备了交联壳聚糖/海藻酸钠吸附剂,并采用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征.考察了吸附时间、pH值、吸附剂用量和交联度等因素对吸附容量的影响,研究了该吸附剂的吸附性能,同时对吸附动力学进行了研究.结果表明:pH值为4.0～6.0、吸附时间为120min、在100mL 50mg/L的Cu2+溶液中吸附剂的投加量为0.10g时,平衡吸附容量达46.4 mg/g;该等温吸附在低浓度时的吸附过程较符合Freundlich模型,在高浓度时较符合Langmuir模型;吸附过程动力学符合拟二级动力学方程,线性相关性良好(r2=0.944 4).     

块状花生壳吸附Cd(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)的特性研究

研究块状花生壳对Cd2+和Pb2+的吸附特性.考察吸附剂投加量、溶液初始pH、吸附时间和溶液初始浓度等对吸附的影响,在此基础上拟合分析吸附动力学和吸附等温线.结果表明:吸附36h达到平衡,块状花生壳对Cd2+和Pb2+的吸附均符合准二级动力学模型和Langmuir吸附等温线模型.在25℃,Cd2+和Pb2+的初始浓度为100mg/L时,块状花生壳对二者的吸附量分别可达到10.47mg/g和17.37mg/g.     

改性硅藻土对重金属离子的吸附规律

 利用CaCO3对硅藻土矿物进行改性. 研究结果表明: 单组分体系中CaCO3改性的硅藻土对Cu2+,Pb2+,Cd2+和Zn2+的吸附动力学规律均符合伪二阶动力学模型, 吸附热力学规律符合Langmuir模型; 在混合组分体系中, Pb2+,Cd2+和Zn2+的吸附速率降低, Cu2+的吸附速率增加, 对金属离子的吸附动力学规律仍然符合伪二阶动力学模型, 但对金属离子的吸附量均明显降低, 仅Pb2+的吸附热力学规律符合Langmuir模型.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.