目标提取与跟踪的稳定性研究

提出并分析了目标提取的稳定性问题，指出基于统计决策理论的目标提取算法性能不稳定的原因之一，在于缺乏时空可变的目标背景条件判别和最佳分割区域自调整能力，并且通常是基于绝对图像灰度或绝对灰度变化及其统计性质的，根据视觉原理，还提出了一个具有可控性的自适应序列图像目标提取模型和算法，给出复杂背景中运动目标提取和跟踪的实验结果。     

基于灰度区间统计的背景自适应更新算法

视频中运动目标检测与提取是计算机自动识别技术的重要环节,如何快速且准确的提取运动目标是研究热点。目前通常使用背景差分算法来进行运动目标检测,而背景差分的关键在于背景提取的好坏和阈值设定上,并且为达到实时检测的目的,背景还要能够适应光照的变化而进行实时更新。针对于传统的mode算法在背景提取时没有考虑到统计帧的背景灰度值是波动的情况,本文提出基于灰度区间统计的背景提取算法。算法是将0~255灰度范围进行区间划分,判断灰度值落在哪些区间并且统计区间的样本个数,然后对样本量最大的区间的样本求平均值,从而得到初始化的背景效果图,最后通过对样本数据进行离散分析来自适应更新背景。     

序列图像运动目标检测的一种快速算法

研究了序列视频图像中运动目标的检测与跟踪快速算法．研究基于Kalman滤波理论的渐消记忆最小二乘法，用该方法重建背景图像；采用图像差分算法提取运动目标；提出简化的等效灰度投影算法来计算目标的质心；采用记忆外推跟踪算法实现图像目标的跟踪，并且对全部算法做了仿真．仿真结果表明算法简单、有效、执行速度快、具有很强的适应性，能够用于单镜头序列图像中运动目标的检测与跟踪．     

基于图像增强的边缘检测方法

在对传统边缘检测算法分析的基础上,文章提出了基于图像的自适应增强的边缘检测算法,首先分别对图像的目标和背景物体进行灰度增强,然后对增强后的图像进行边缘提取,并对提取后的边缘图像进行融合。试验结果表明,该方法能有效的提取图像边缘细节,取得良好的边缘检测效果。     

基于背景差法的运动目标检测

视频序列图像中,视频分割的主要目的是要在视频序列中分割出具有意义运动对象实体.背景差法能够很好地从一段视频中提取出运动目标.可靠的背景图像的提取是该算法的关键.表述了一种新的背景提取算法,利用图像序列的灰度统计特性来提取背景图像,并利用Surendra背景更新算法根据每帧图像对背景进行更新已获得可靠的背景.然后,将当前帧与背景作差,并对差值图像进行适当处理,这样运动目标就能够被精确地提取出来.     

基于灰度分布的概率密度实现实时图像分割

针对实时图像质心跟踪的问题，提出了一种目标分割的算法。对相邻两帧图像的跟踪框和背景框的灰度分布统计，加入滤波因子，再根据Bayes判别规则构造判别函数，把背景像素和目标像素进行分类。实验结果证明，该方法克服了由于图像序列中某一帧图像灰度分布发生突变产生的影响，能较好的分割出图像中的目标。在电视跟踪系统中有效的保证了跟踪的稳定性。     

基于统计特性的路面图像光照不均匀校正算法

针对传统的灰度校正方法不能有效地校正全局光照不均匀的路面图像,提出基于统计特性的路面图像光照不均匀校正算法。算法根据路面图像自身的特点,以及正态分布特性,利用图像的均值和方差估计每个子块图像的背景灰度值,然后利用双线性插值的方法构造背景灰度矩阵,最后原图像减去背景灰度即可得到校正后的图像。仿真实验证实,该算法能有效地减少图像的光照不均匀,达到校正图像的目的。     

基于自适应阈值的红外图象增强

针对红外图像高背景、低反差的特点,在传统的分段线性变换的基础上,提出了一种自适应的算法。通过对原始图像的直方图统计得到该图像的背景阈值,再通过对原始图像上目标区域的灰度估算得到该图像的目标阈值,由此将图像分解成背景、目标和不感兴趣的区域三部分,然后通过分段线形变换将背景和不感兴趣的区域进行灰度压缩,同时将目标区域进行灰度拉伸,从而达到有效的抑制背景、增强目标的目的。通过实验结果比较,该算法无论在阈值的自适应方面或者是图像增强的效果,都优于传统的直方图均衡和双直方图均衡算法。     

基于分区灰度投影稳像的运动目标检测算法

针对视频监控系统中,复杂环境引起摄像机抖动,造成运动目标检测不准确的问题,提出了一种基于分区灰度投影稳像的运动目标检测算法.首先对每帧图像进行分区,利用分区灰度投影算法对图像各分区的运动矢量进行准确提取和相关性分析,进行抖动判断,并对抖动帧进行运动补偿.然后利用高斯混合背景建模算法进行运动目标提取.最后对目标提取结果进行形态学处理,以进一步提高目标提取的精度.实验结果表明,本文算法较好地消除了场景中运动目标对运动矢量计算的干扰,实现了在摄像机抖动视频场景中的运动目标的准确检测和提取,大大降低了抖动视频目标检测的虚警率.     

基于自适应阈值的红外图像增强

针对红外图像"高背景、低反差"的特点,在传统的分段线性变换的基础上,提出了一种自适应的算法。通过对原始图像的直方图统计得到该图像的背景阈值,再通过对原始图像上目标区域的灰度估算得到该图像的目标阈值,由此将图像分解成背景、目标和不感兴趣的区域三部分,然后通过分段线形变换将背景和不感兴趣的区域进行灰度压缩,同时将目标区域进行灰度拉伸,从而达到有效的抑制背景、增强目标的目的。通过实验结果比较,该算法无论在阈值的自适应方面或者是图像增强的效果,都优于传统的直方图均衡和双直方图均衡算法。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.