镜煤与丝炭结构的X射线衍射初步分析

通过X射线衍射（XRD）分析对4个不同矿区煤中的镜煤和丝炭中矿物质类型和相对含量、煤中有机质的结构特征进行了对比分析。根据衍射图谱确定了样品中的主要矿物质成分为高岭石、黄铁矿、石英、方解石等。丝炭中的矿物质含量高于镜煤。对8个样品的结构参数进行了计算,结果表明,丝炭芳香层片的定向程度和聚合程度高于镜煤,陆相环境条件下形成的煤,其镜煤与丝炭的d002面网间距较小,Lc和La较大。     

文丘里法管道煤粉流量测量的实验研究

通过实验确定了用文丘里(Venturi)法测量煤粉流量的可行性。根据实验数据,得出了3种不同管型参数、固气比Z和气体速度u与差压Δp1m、Δp2m的关系,从物理意义上分析了上述关系的合理性,并进一步分析了气固两相流流经文丘里管产生压力损失的机理。从测量精度、重复性和压力损失等方面对3种不同的文丘里管进行了比较研究,得到了设计文丘里流量计的基本方法。在实验的基础上,标定了3种文丘里流量计的系数。实验表明,管径比为0.71的文丘里管测量煤粉流量的最大误差不超过5%。     

文丘里法管道煤粉流量测量的实验研究

通过实验确定了文丘里法测量煤粉流量的可行性。首先根据实验数据,得出了3种不同管型参数、固气比Z和气体速度u与差压Δp1m、Δp2m的关系,从物理意义上分析了上述关系的合理性,并进一步分析了气固两相流流经文丘里管产生压力损失的机理。然后从测量精度、重复性和压力损失等方面对3种不同的文丘里管进行了比较研究,得到了设计文丘里流量计的基本方法。最后,在实验基础上,标定了3种文丘里流量计的系数。实验表明,管径比为0.71的文丘里管测量煤粉流量的最大误差不超过5%。     

文丘里计测量气—固两相流测量的实验和数值计算

给出可用文丘里计测量气-固两相流流量的实验和数值计算的结果,发现了进口与喉口以及喉口与扩张段之间的压差灵敏度是确定载荷比和气体流量的主要参数,压降可被守恒变量和源项模型预测,并与实验值相吻合,文丘里计有可能作为测量气-固混合物在一相流量的一种手段,     

基于长喉径文丘里管的双差压湿气流量测量

为实现湿气气液两相流量的在线非分离测量,提出一种基于长喉径单文丘里管的双差压湿气流量测量方法．通过理论分析和实验研究,揭示了湿气液气质量比和气相流速与长喉径文丘里管收缩段差压、扩张段差压之间存在一定的内在变化规律及物理本质．为有效提高测量精度,针对传统虚高模型的缺陷,提出了虚高模型的优化原则．建立了基于单文丘里管的气液两相测量模型,并通过迭代运算实现了气液两相流量的分相测量,对于压力P为0．10—0．16MPa,气相弗劳德数0．4～0．7,液气质量比0～1范围内,气相流量测量的相对误差优于±3％,液相流量测量的满度误差小于±10％．     

灰化方式和温度对新疆高碱煤灰理化特性的影响

为研究灰化方式和温度对新疆高碱煤灰理化特性的影响,对新疆准东煤分别利用等离子低温灰化方式和传统缓慢制灰方式制灰,使用X射线荧光光谱仪、电子扫描显微镜与能谱分析、X射线衍射仪等手段分析研究了灰样的微观形貌、组分和灰中矿物质的演变规律。实验结果表明:灰化方式不同时灰中元素含量和矿物质种类有较大差异,等离子低温灰中矿物质种类较多,不同煤种低温灰中钠的赋存形态存在差异;灰化温度升高,钠和氯元素相对含量减少,释放速率主要与钠和氯赋存的矿物质种类有关;随温度升高灰中矿物质主要变化是CaCO_3的分解和CaSO_4的生成,天池灰中Na_2SO_4特征峰在815℃消失,一部分钠以硫酸盐的形式释放到烟气中,而另一部分生成新的含钠组分;对于准东煤这种高碱金属燃料,现有国标缓慢灰化法制灰会造成灰中碱金属的大量释放及矿物质种类发生变化。为确保碱金属测量的准确性,建议在采取常规制灰方式的同时采用等离子低温灰化方法进行对比研究。     

基于强化研磨轴承套圈表面化学成分分析

强化研磨是一种金属表面处理的新型精密加工工艺,文章采用对轴承套圈表面进行强化研磨加工工艺,通过X射线能谱仪对强化研磨加工前后试样表面化学元素组成成分及含量进行对比分析,得出经过表面强化研磨处理过的试样表面发生摩擦化学反应,元素种类增加,原子百分比含量发生相应变化,如B、N元素含量增加,这为研究强化研磨加工工艺能否在套圈表面形成含B、N化学物理膜层(B2O3、BN、硼酸酯铁、含氮有机物等)提供了相关实验依据.     

用于管道煤粉流量测量的文丘里管型设计及优化

为准确测量电站管道煤粉流量,设计了一种基于文丘里法的煤粉流量计。首先采用气固两相流数值模拟的方法,研究不同管型参数对文丘里法测量管道煤粉流量的影响,发现管型参数是影响稀相气固两相流测量结果的关键因素,并由此提出了文丘里管型设计的优化原则。然后从提高测量精度和保证测量稳定性两方面出发,对文丘里流量计进行了设计优化,获得了3种文丘里管的管型参数,可为管道煤粉流量测量的试验研究提供参考。     

用于管道煤粉流量测量的文丘里管型设计及优化

为准确测量电站管道煤粉流量,设计了一种基于文丘里(V en turi)法的煤粉流量计。首先采用气固两相流数值模拟的方法,研究不同管型参数对文丘里法测量管道煤粉流量的影响,发现管型参数是影响稀相气固两相流测量结果的关键因素,并由此提出了文丘里管型设计的优化原则。然后从提高测量精度和保证测量稳定性2方面出发,对文丘里流量计进行了设计优化,获得了3种文丘里管的管型参数,可为管道煤粉流量测量的试验研究提供参考。     

氯化锌盐酸联合分离法研究神华煤中矿物质分布

为了理解神华煤的结渣特性,该文联合使用氯化锌比重分离和盐酸化学分离对神华煤进行分离处理,采用低温灰化和配备阵列探测器的X射线衍射分析(XRD)研究了各分煤中的矿物质分布特征.结果表明, 200℃加热处理可使比重分离煤粉附带的氯化锌水合物转化为氧化锌,消除XRD分析时氯化锌水合物对于硅酸盐等矿物的干扰.密度小于1.5 g·cm -3的神华分煤(轻煤)中的主要矿物质是有机钙和内在石英等硅酸盐矿物,它们将会在神华煤结渣初始阶段发挥重要作用.主要以外在矿物存在的方解石将在结渣的发展阶段发挥作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.