基于LabVIEW虚拟仪器技术的湍流等离子体束热效率

为明确不同参数下等离子体发生器的热效率,从而精准掌握等离子体束的实时能量,进而将等离子体技术应用于氮化铝粉体等材料制备领域,科研团队基于自行研制的两路进气式湍流等离子体发生器,利用虚拟仪器技术以实验方式实现对湍流等离子体束热效率在不同工作参数组合下的实时在线监测,并分析了其热效率特性。实验结果表明： 1)热效率在保护气不变的情况下随主气的增大从51%增加到67%,而在主气不变的情况下,保护气的增大会使热效率呈现先增加后降低的现象。2)在其它工作参数相同条件下,70 A电流下的热效率比100 A电流下的热效率高4%左右。     

电弧等离子体发生器特性的研究

探讨了电弧等离子体发生器的静态伏安特性以及气体流动状态对等离子体发生器热效率、热焓的影响。通过合理调节切向和径向气体流速，能够提高等离子体发生器的热效率并能对等离子体实现精确控制。随着气体流速的增加，弧电压增加，热效率有一定的增加。另外，进气方式对等离子体发生器的特性也有影响，全为切向进气时，等离子体发生器的热效率很低；当径向气体流速达切向气体流速的2／3时，热效率为60％；当径向气体流速和切向气体流速相等时，热效率可达65％～75％。     

氢等离子体特性及其对钨的辐照行为研究

本文依托四川大学直线等离子体装置(SCU-PSI)产生高通量氢等离子体,采用朗缪尔探针对氢等离子体特性进行诊断,研究了氢等离子体特性随放电电流、气体流量等输入条件的演变规律;并利用调控产生的氢等离子体对纯钨进行了相应的辐照研究. 实验结果显示, 在磁场0.1~0.2 T、气流量1 000~2 200 sccm和电流180~228 A范围内,氢等离子体通量密度、热负荷密度及电子密度、温度等参数与磁场和电流呈正相关关系,而与气体流量呈负相关关系. 在该范围内,最高等离子体密度达到2.6×1019 m-3,等离子体通量达到8.8×1022 m-2?s-1,热负荷达到6.5×104 W/m2. 利用调控产生的等离子体对纯钨样品进行初步辐照实验,结果显示随着入射等离子体特性的不同,样品表面出现不同程度的尺寸和密度不均匀颗粒状辐照损伤结构,并且颗粒尺寸随氢等离子体离子通量的增加而增大. 本文结果显示SCU-PSI可以产生理想的氢等离子体环境,因此可以作为未来聚变领域,研究氢等离子体和托卡马克装置面向等离子体材料钨以及相应结构材料相互作用的有效实验装置.     

滑动弧放电等离子体激励的值班火焰头部放电特性实验

滑动弧放电等离子体在拓宽燃烧室点熄火边界、缩短点火延迟时间、提高燃烧效率等方面具有显著优势。在已有燃油裂解头部的基础上,优化滑动弧放电位置,创新地研制了基于滑动弧放电等离子体激励的燃烧室值班火焰头部,并对其放电特性开展了实验研究,着重分析了不同空气流量和输入电压对电弧动态特性、滑动模式、平均击穿电压、平均功率、平均旋转角速度的影响。结果表明：提出的方案能在文氏管与燃油喷嘴之间形成稳定的旋转滑动弧放电区域,同时存在两种不同的放电模式,即steady arc gliding (A-G) 模式和breakdown gliding (B-G) 模式,受空气流量和输入电压的显著影响,当空气流量小于200 L/min时,在140~240 V的输入电压下,主要以A-G模式放电,随着空气流量的增加向B-G模式发展,而随着输入电压的增加,A-G模式占比逐渐增大;放电平均击穿电压、旋转角速度随着输入电压的增加或空气流量的减小而减小,但平均功率随输入电压的增大而增大。     

钨极氮弧焊焊接电弧数值分析

以直流钨极氮弧焊电弧为研究对象，根据磁流体动力学理论构建轴对称两维数学模型，建立模型时考虑阴极的几何形状，在此模型上对氮气保护TIG焊接电弧进行数值分析．数值模拟所得电弧等离子体温度分布规律显示氯气电弧的最高温区出现于近阳极区域，这个结果与试验情况相当吻合，并与相同条件下氩气电弧的温度场进行了比较．在此基础上对电弧压力和电流密度以及等离子速度场进行了模拟分析；同时分析了不同电流和弧长对等离子流速度分布的影响，结果表明等离子体速度值随着电流的增加而增大。随着弧长的增加而减小．     

直流驱动氩气等离子体刷的放电特性研究

采用线-板放电装置,通过氩气的流动,在直流电压驱动下产生了大面积的大气压均匀刷形等离子体羽,并利用光学方法对其放电特性进行了研究.结果表明,虽然外加电压是直流形式,但放电电流和放电发光是周期性的脉冲信号.利用光电倍增管测量了光脉冲的频率,发现放电频率随着电压或气流的增加而增大.对等离子体羽的发光信号沿着线电极方向和沿着气流方向分别进行了空间分辨测量,发现刷型等离子体羽由微放电构成.微放电沿着线电极方向在时间上是随机出现的,而沿着气流方向以"等离子体子弹"传播.利用光谱仪测量了放电的发射光谱,并且通过发射光谱计算了分子振动温度.研究发现,分子振动温度随着电压增加而增加,随着气流的增加而减小.     

等离子体窗密封性能实验研究

等离子体窗具有高真空密封性和良好的束流通过性,在电子束焊接、加速器等领域有很大的应用前景. 针对传统等离子体窗应用孔径小的问题,本文在优化的三阴极源基础上研究了通道直径为7 mm和8 mm等离子体窗的密封特性,以及Ar、He、H2三种等离子窗压降系数随输入电流和气流量的变化关系. 结果显示,在输入电流120~210 A、气流量1000~5000 sccm范围内,Ar等离子体窗的压降系数随输入电流、气流量的增加呈先上升后下降的变化趋势,He、H2等离子体窗的压降系数随输入电流的增加逐渐上升,但随着气流量的增加,He等离子体窗的压降系数先上升后下降,H2等离子体窗的压降系数逐渐下降. 本实验获得的等离子体窗最大压降系数为2550,可隔绝的最大高压为1 atm,与已报道文献相比具备较好的竞争优势,展现了良好的密封性,在未来加速器等领域有很大的应用潜力.     

三电极非热电弧发生器放电模式的实验研究

该文提出了一种三电极非热电弧等离子体发生器结构设计,通过引入浮动电极,降低了非热电弧放电的点火电压,获得了稳态的非热电弧放电等离子体。实验结果表明:采用该三电极结构的等离子体发生器所产生的等离子体气体温度在2.0×103~3.0×103 K之间;在其他参数保持不变的情况下,随着等离子体工作气体流量的增加,存在非热电弧放电、非热电弧-介质阻挡混合放电和表面介质阻挡放电3种不同的放电模式;在等离子体工作气体流量不变的情况下,增加电源的输入功率将有利于使放电保持在非热电弧放电模式下。三电极结构的非热电弧发生器有助于实际应用中在较低的外加电压下产生非热电弧等离子体,并在较大的气体流量下维持非热电弧等离子体的工作状态。     

孔间距对气膜冷却效率影响的数值模拟

为了研究动量比、湍流度和密度比对圆柱形气膜孔流动的影响规律,采用数值模拟方法,研究了圆柱形气膜孔的冷却效率和流量系数,并与实验值进行了对比.结果表明:随着动量比的增大,二次流在气膜孔出口处逐渐偏离叶片;气膜孔出口下游存在一个高速区域,这一区域的速度随动量比的增大而减小;在湍流度和密度比保持不变的情况下,随着动量比增加,冷却效率的计算值随着气膜孔中心至测量点的叶片表面长度的增加在总体上呈逐渐减小的趋势;在低密度比下,湍流度对冷却效率影响不大;当密度比为1.5时,湍流度的不同导致冷却效率产生显著差异,密度比越小,冷却效率越低;在气膜孔出口处,冷却效率的数值计算值与实验值存在一定的差异.数值模拟的结果能够定性地反映气膜孔的流动特性.     

大气压微波等离子体光谱特性

为研究气体组分及微波功率对等离子体特性的影响,测量了大气压下混合气体的微波等离子体光谱强度,分析了不同气体配比和微波功率下等离子体中激发态氧原子发射光谱的变化规律.实验结果表明:随着混入氧气量的增加,等离子体中激发态氧原子数量先增加后减小,在氩气流量为4 L/min,微波输入功率为400 W,氧气流量为40 cm3/min时,激发态氧原子数量达到最大;微波功率的增加首先导致等离子体中的激发态粒子数量增加,进而导致电离态粒子数量增加.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.