高炉型高钛渣中MnO还原的物理化学

报告了ＭｎＯ３在高炉型高钛渣中的物理化学规律，指出渣中ＭｎＯ的还原应能够独立达到平衡，其平衡分配系数随炉渣碱度升 高而升高，随渣中ＴｉＯ２焦点量升高而下降。平衡时渣中ＭｎＯ的还原率在６０％－７０％之间。     

含钡低钛高炉渣硫分配系数的研究

就ＢａＯ质量含量１．０％－３．７％，ＴｉＯ２质量含量１．５％－４．０％，炉渣二元碱度（ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２）０．９５－１．１５的高炉渣脱硫能力进行了研究。结果表明：在实验条件下，炉渣脱硫反应是二级反应；炉渣硫分配系数Ｌｓ随二元碱度提高而提高；渣中ＴｉＯ２为３％时，Ｌｓ有一峰值。     

超低硫钢精炼工艺

在感应炉上进行了一系列对比实验,研究结果表明：顶渣＋喂线工艺比完全顶渣工艺具有更快的脱硫效果,含ＢａＯ精炼渣系比传统的ＣａＯ－ＣａＦ２渣系具有更强的脱硫能力;当钢中氧和硫都很低时,ＣａＳｉ合金能起到显著的深脱硫作用,由研究结果得出超低硫钢（ｗｓ〈０．００１０％）钢液精炼的主要工艺参数。     

超临界醇萃取脱煤中有机硫

分别在半连续和间歇式反应器中对酸处理后的煤样进行超临界醇萃取脱硫的研究。半连续反应器中的结果表明：随反应温度的升高，有机硫的脱除率和煤失重均增加；从精煤回收角度考虑，应采取较低反应温度和较长萃取时间的方法；在醇中添加适量水对有机硫的脱除有利。间歇式反应器中的结果表明：乙醇的脱硫效果优于甲醇；用酸处理后有机硫煤样的脱硫率高于原煤中有机硫的脱除率；在超临界醇萃取过程中加入ＫＯＨ可极显著地强化脱硫过程。     

转炉炼钢脱硫试验与脱硫反应理论分析

在90 t顶底复吹转炉上进行了12炉次炼钢过程的脱硫试验,并分别在每炉开吹后的5、10、15 min(出钢前)测量其炉温,且取钢和渣样,测量其钢、渣的组成.结果表明,随着冶炼的开展,钢中硫的含量先升高后降低,渣中硫的含量则逐渐升高;炉渣的脱硫能力随炉渣氧化性的增大而减小,随着炉温的升高逐渐增大,随着炉渣碱度的升高,则先增加后减小.生产现场工业试验结果与转炉渣-钢脱硫反应理论分析结果相一致.     

亚硫酸钙非均相氧化动力学的研究

在典型的温法烟气脱硫条件下，喷雾干燥脱硫产物中的亚硫酸钙非均相氧化动力学在中试装置中被研究，实验结果表明，亚硫酸钙氧化速率对氧是１级反应，对亚硫酸钙浓度分别是０级和０．７５级，这取决于不同的反应控制步骤。ｐＨ对氧化速率的影响是弱的。氧化速率随着ＭｎＳＯ４的添加而升高。在喷雾干燥脱硫产物温法氧化过程中，没有发现有ＳＯ２排出。     

Mn(OH)2空气氧化反应研究

研究了在碱条件下,用ＭｎＣｌ２,ＭｎＳＯ４,Ｍｎ（ＮＯ３）２溶液生成的Ｍｎ（ＯＨ）２的空气氧化反应。Ｘ－射线衍射测定结果表明,氧化产物为Ｍｎ３Ｏ４。用电势－ｐＨ图对反应结果做了分析,测定并分析了Ｍｎ（ＯＨ）２空气氧化过程中ｐＨ值随时间的变化特征。     

钢包浸渍罩喷粉脱硫动力学

通过建立钢包浸渍罩喷粉脱硫反应的动力学模型，研究了初始硫，顶渣组成及渣量等对喷粉脱硫的影响，结果说明模型计算的终点硫与试验值相近，模拟结果有助于试验方案的制定及工业试验的准备。     

低温下钢材应变强化系数的测定

设计了在低温下不用引伸计测定钢材应变强化系数ｎ值的方法，在系列温度下测定了１６ＭｎＲ，４０ＣｒＮｉＭｏ和ＷＣＦ６２三种钢材的ｎ值，发现材料的ｎ值随试验温度的降低而下降，其部分原因是由于屈服强度的升高使材料的应变强化能力相对下降．实验结果还表明按幂强化关系来描述材料应变强化规律的Ｈｏｌｌｏｍｏｎ关系和Ｒａｍｂｅｒｇ－Ｏｓｇｏｏｄ关系，在工程意义上可认为是相同的．     

球铁枝晶中硅锰元素偏析行为的研究

采用着色腐蚀法，借助电子探针定量分析了Ｓｉ、Ｍｎ元素在球铁枝晶中的分布特征及其偏析行为，以及碳当量、壁厚对Ｓｉ、Ｍｎ元素偏析行为的影响。结果表明：Ｓｉ在枝晶中的偏析系数ＫＳｉＳ和分配系数ＫＳｉ均大于１，而Ｍｎ的偏析系数ＫＭｎＳ和分配系数ＫＭｎ均小于１；Ｓｉ在奥氏体枝晶晶粒内分布具有一定的空间几何对称性，沿径向呈阶梯形分布特点；在Ｓｉ平均含量不变和试样壁厚相同的情况下，随着碳当量的增大，Ｓｉ、Ｍｎ元素在枝晶中的分配系数基本保持不变。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the