米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)沪酿3.042内切型纤维素酶的分离纯化与鉴定

为了解米曲霉纤维素酶在物料分解过程中的作用,从米曲霉沪酿3.042成曲中提取粗酶液,利用DNS法分析了粗酶液中外切酶、内切酶及β-葡萄糖苷酶的活力.用刚果红染色法确定了沪酿3.042成曲粗酶液中含有4种内切型纤维素酶,分别称为Cx酶Ⅰ,Cx酶Ⅱ,Cx酶Ⅲ和Cx酶Ⅳ.经DEAE-Cellulose-52离子交换层析,0.15,0.20,0.25,0.30mol/L NaCl洗脱峰均测得内切型纤维素酶活性,制备电泳纯化得到4个内切型纤维素酶组分,SDS-PAGE结果显示,Cx酶Ⅰ,Cx酶Ⅱ,Cx酶Ⅲ为单体酶,分子质量分别为31 800,34 000,26 000u,Cx酶Ⅳ含有4个亚基,分子质量分别为14 000,23 600,26 000,33 500u.粗酶液中内切型纤维素酶的最适反应温度为50℃,最适反应pH值为4.0.     

巨大芽孢杆菌AP25内切葡聚糖酶基因的克隆及序列测定

从土壤中分离到一株产纤维素酶的巨大芽孢杆菌AP25,经羧甲基纤维素平板检测,该菌可产生葡聚糖内切酶。根据GenBank登录的β-1,4内切葡聚糖酶基因（DQ782954．1,M28332．1,AY859492．1）的同源性序列,利用PCR方法克隆到该酶的基因,并对其进行测序。测序结果显示其全长为1500bp,推测其含499个氨基酸。与GenBank中的已知葡聚糖内切酶相比较,发现该酶的氨基酸序列与Bacillus subtilis的β-1,4内切葡聚糖酶基因同源性达到达94％。     

蜗牛肠道细菌及其纤维素酶性质

为了探寻功能微生物,用几种不同培养基分离蜗牛肠道可培养细菌并筛选纤维素降解细菌,研究了纤维素酶学性质.结果表明,LB培养基培养蜗牛肠道细菌时菌落种类和数量最多,达3.3×104CFU/m L.刚果红染色显示,7种优势细菌全部具有产酶能力;菌S6粗酶液的内切葡聚糖酶(Cx)和滤纸酶(FPase)活性最高,分别为5.96和2.84 U/m L.对Cx酶学性质初步研究表明:该酶最适反应温度为35℃,在55~75℃时有较高的热稳定性;最适p H为6.0,在p H 3.0~8.0均有酶活力,p H 8.0相对酶活仍为60%;Mg~(2+)、Na~+、K~+和Ca~(2+)对酶反应具有促进作用,Zn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)和Mn~(2+)为酶反应的抑制剂.研究蜗牛肠道细菌的组成,从中分离高产纤维素酶菌株,为纤维素生物降解转化成可再生能源寻找新的思路.     

赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)内切型纤维素酶组分鉴定及纯化

从赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)匀浆液中提取出粗酶液,利用DNS法分析粗酶液中内切型纤维素酶(也称Cx酶)的活力.用刚果红染色法确定了赤子爱胜蚓含有3种内切型纤维素酶,将其分别称作Cx酶Ⅰ、Cx酶Ⅱ和Cx酶Ⅲ.经DEAE-Cellulose-52离子交换层析分离内切型纤维素酶,得到0.15～0.20 mo...     

内切葡聚糖酶基因克隆和表达研究进展

纤维素酶包括外切葡聚糖酶、内切葡聚糖酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶。内切葡聚糖酶是纤维素酶的重要组分之一,它在能源、纺织、饲料、食品和造纸等行业具有重要的应用。对内切葡聚糖酶基因在大肠杆菌、酵母和丝状真菌中的克隆和表达进行概述,为内切葡聚糖酶基因工程菌的构建和内切葡聚糖酶的应用提供理论依据。     

纤维素酶制剂中葡聚糖纤锥二糖水解酶活力的测定

根据真菌纤维素酶系中β-葡聚糖纤维二糖水解酶,内切β-葡聚糖酶以及纤维二糖酶在棉纤维上吸附和脱吸附性质的不同,拟订了一种可选择性地测定β-葡聚糖纤维二糖水解酶活力的方法。β-葡聚糖纤维二糖水解酶强烈吸附于棉纤维上,而且不为1 mol/L,pH4.8的醋酸缓冲液所洗脱;只有部分内切β-葡聚糖酶为棉纤维所吸附,但在上述条件下可完全被洗脱。纤维二糖酶不被吸附。在此基础上,再借助β-葡聚糖纤维二糖酶与内切β-葡聚糖酶的协同作用,可在后者过量存在的条件下,定量测定β-葡聚糖纤维二糖水解酶活力。用两种商品纤维素酶制剂验证了本方法的可靠性。     

纤维素降解菌N2-10菌株β-1,4-内切葡聚糖酶基因的克隆及表达

为探究枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)N2-10菌株降解纤维素的机理,通过同源性比对设计兼并引物扩增菌株β-1,4-内切酶葡聚糖基因,并进行生物信息学分析,然后研究其在大肠杆菌中的表达情况.结果显示,该内切葡聚糖酶基因大小为1500bp,共编码499个氨基酸,具有典型的纤维素酶结构,SDSPAGE电泳检测其表观分子质量约为55ku;刚果红染色显示,表达产物具有纤维素酶活性.     

降解结晶纤维素极耐热葡聚糖酶重组菌的构建

极耐热纤维素酶在纤维素生物转化中具有潜在的开发前景,但极耐热酶缺乏对天然纤维素的分解能力。采用基因工程方法,将极耐热内切葡聚糖酶Cel12B基因和同样极端嗜热菌来源的纤维素结合域(CBD)区域融合,构建重组质粒pET-20b-Cel12B-CBD,转化至大肠杆菌JM109(DE3)诱导表达后,融合基因表达产物对结晶纤维素具有一定的分解能力。     

阴沟肠杆菌一个内切纤维素酶Cel8A的克隆和功能证实

【目的】为了解决纤维素的酶水解问题,分析能水解纤维素的微生物的相关基因。【方法】从阴沟肠杆菌(Enterobacter cloacae)的基因组数据中挖掘纤维素酶相关基因,发现开放读码框Cel8A和纤维素酶基因序列具有高相似性。利用重组表达技术在大肠杆菌中对Cel8A基因进行表达,纯化重组蛋白质并对该蛋白质进行功能鉴定。【结果】Cel8A蛋白质能水解羧甲基纤维素钠,它具有β-1,4-内切葡聚糖酶的水解特性。Cel8A的最适反应pH值为7.0,最适温度为40℃。【结论】成功克隆表达阴沟肠杆菌的Cel8A基因,并证实该基因编码的蛋白质具有β-1,4-内切葡聚糖酶活性,为进一步研究阴沟肠杆菌的纤维素酶组成以及纤维素降解机理奠定了基础。     

眉斑并脊天牛纤维素酶性质的研究

为了了解眉斑并脊天牛(Glenea cantor)纤维素酶的性质,选取以木棉树(Bombax ceiba)为食的眉斑并脊天牛为研究对象,按照IUPAC的标准测定方法,测定和定位眉斑并脊天牛肠道中的内切-β-1,4葡聚糖酶、纤维二糖酶以及滤纸酶活力,考察内切-β-1,4葡聚糖酶的最适pH值和最适温度.结果表明:在眉斑并脊...     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to