超低温温度场中Cu-Zr-Cr合金显微结构转变规律

研究超低温温度场中Cu Zr Cr合金基体组织(α固溶体)形成孪晶结构并析出弥散的Cu3Zr和Cr2Zr金属间化合物及基体组织微细化的过程。孪晶可以在93K低温下形成和扩展。析出Cu3Zr和Cr2Zr强化相,细化了基体组织。试验表明:以上组织结构的变化,提高了合金抗高温塑性变形能力,减轻了高温焊接时粘焊现象的发生,电极的耐磨性明显提高。     

P/A异种钢焊缝中孪晶显微缺陷的研究

TEM观察发现：在P/A异种钢刚性拘束焊接和单道堆焊焊缝中存在不同数量的孪晶显微缺陷，并对其形成原因及与焊接条件的关系进行了研究和讨论。认为：焊缝中的孪晶是由于焊缝金属的线膨胀系数比母材金属大30％～50％，在焊后冷却过程中产生较大的变形而形成的动态再结晶退火孪晶。     

690合金高温连续变形动态再结晶行为

应用液压机对690合金圆锥试样在3种不同温度下(1100、1140和1180℃)进行连续压缩变形实验,利用光学显微镜和背散射衍射技术研究690合金在热加工过程的动态再结晶行为.研究发现:在连续热压缩变形过程中动态再结晶以三叉晶界形核—原始晶界形核—孪晶形核(孪晶界和孪晶碎化)—晶内形核的顺序发展,而孪晶促进了690合金的再结晶过程.     

面心立方合金的表面层孪晶强化机制

本文利用透射电子显微分析和x射线内应力测定等方法研究了低层错能面心立方合金表面喷丸强化后组织结构变化与疲劳行为之间的关系。着重观察和分析了疲劳过程中强化层内亚结构和内应力的变化情况。结果表明:层错能很低的面心立方合金(不锈钢和α黄铜)经喷丸强化后,表层中存在大量显微变形孪晶;由孪晶构成的栅栏薄层不仅能使表层残余压应力在疲劳应力作用下维持稳定,而且能有效地防止疲劳裂纹在外表面形核,因此,栅栏强化效应是面心立方合金疲劳强度提高的主要原因。     

Zr含量对Zr_(71-x)Ni_xNb_3Cu_(16)Al_(10)非晶合金形成能力和性能的影响

研究了 Zr含量对Zr_(71-x)Ni_xNb_3Cu_(16)Al_(10)非晶合金的形成能力、晶化行为和力学性能的影响。采用快速凝固装置制备非晶合金,利用XRD和DSC对其非晶形成能力和晶化行为进行分析通过压缩试验和SEM对其力学性能及断裂方式进行表征。结果表明:Zr原子百分比为62%时非晶形成临界直径最大,为9 mm;Zr含量不同改变了非晶合金的结晶过程,Zr原子百分比为62%和66%的非晶合金晶化初始相都是二十面体准晶体相,而Zr的含量为58%时则为FCC-Zr_2Ni和Tetra-Zr_2Ni相;Zr含量增加后非晶合金的压缩强度降低,塑性变形能力显著提高其中Zr原子百分比为62%时,非晶合金的塑性变形量高达27%。     

γ-MnFe合金内耗的振幅效应

采用低频内耗仪研究原子分数分别为86.4%Mn和80.8%Mn的γ-MnFe合金在相变过程中内耗和模量的变化情况。结果表明，从高温到低温，γ-MnFe合金经历了反铁磁转变和马氏体相变，依次出现了反铁磁转变、马氏体相变和孪晶3个内耗峰，且均出现了振幅效应。这是由于反铁磁转变和马氏体相变所产生孪晶的结果。     

轧制对Zr60Al15Ni25块体非晶合金晶化动力学的影响

通过线性DSC实验研究了轧制对Zr60Al15Ni25大块非晶合金晶化动力学的影响。实验结果表明,Zr60Al15Ni25非晶合金在轧制塑性变形过程中,随着变形量的增加,热稳定性降低。Zr60Al15Ni25块体非晶合金轧制后原子组态的变化主要影响晶化的形核阶段,变形量较低时(20%)合金原子组态向无序方向发展,导致晶化速率变慢,晶化变得比较困难。随着轧制的进一步增加,合金原子的无序性降低,晶化速率又逐渐提高,从而使其在随后加热过程中的晶化变得比较容易。     

超高速碰撞下体心立方纯铁的变形孪晶

采用非火药驱动二级轻气炮技术将2017Al合金弹丸以3km/s速度撞击纯铁靶板,通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜研究了纯铁材料的微观组织演化.根据微观组织的不同特征可将纯铁靶板分为细晶区、高密度孪晶区和低密度孪晶区.在低密度孪晶区的主要变形方式为{112}面的孪晶,而高密度孪晶区主要变形方式为{112}面的孪晶和{110}、{112}及{123}面的位错之间的交互作用.超高速碰撞下孪晶形成机制与普通变形条件下没有区别,但是孪晶形貌区别较大,高密度位错聚集在孪晶界附近造成孪晶界面模糊;螺位错在孪晶界上分解导致沿着孪晶界发生弯曲和凹痕甚至孪晶的断裂.     

Cr、V元素替代Nb元素对Fe40Co40Zr8Nb2B10非晶合金热性能及结构的影响

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe40Co40Zr8Nb2B10、Fe40Co40Zr8Cr2B10和Fe40Co40Zr8V2B10非晶合金薄带,并对三种合金在不同温度下进行热处理.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和差热分析仪(DTA)等测试手段对样品的结构及热性能进行研究.结果表明,Fe40Co40Zr8Nb2B10、Fe40Co40Zr8Cr2B10和Fe40Co40Zr8V2B10合金的晶化激活能分别为302.6、306.6和299.3 kJ/mol,Cr元素和V元素替代Nb元素对合金的热稳定性影响不大,但扩大了合金的晶化温区.三种合金晶化过程相似:非晶→非晶+α-FeCo→α-FeCo+ZrCo3B2+Fe(Co)3Zr.     

时效态Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.6Zr合金的拉伸断裂行为

研究了时效显微组织对Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.6Zr合金断裂行为的影响.结果表明:473K低温时效时,析出相小而密,由晶界析出相(GBP)引发的微裂纹在晶界处产生并沿晶内的择优取向扩展;温度达到523K时,GBP长大,应力集中仅在某些大尺寸GBP处出现,并引发GBP与基体分离,而产生微孔,微孔的聚集与长大导致了合金的断裂.微裂纹沿着孪晶与基体的界面扩展,在断口形成平滑刻面,而GBP的存在会加剧这一趋势.时效温度升高后,孪晶与GBP数量减少,滑移变形加剧,导致平滑刻面数量减少.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to