基于热-水-力数值模拟的饱和正常固结黏土热压缩现象

既有饱和正常固结土体加热试验研究表明，温度升高时，土体的体积变化表现为体积收缩，这与热胀冷缩基本通识相违背。针对这一问题，通过热-水-力（THM）完全耦合有限元程序对饱和正常固结黏土的加热试验进行了数值模拟。结果表明，由于黏土的热传导系数及渗透系数都比较低，在升温过程中，试样内部会形成温度差，进而产生超孔隙水压，随着超孔隙水压的消散，最终使土体表现为热压缩现象。当增大土体的渗透系数时，土体内部不产生超孔隙水压，这时土体表现为热膨胀。因此，饱和正常固结土体升温引起的热压缩现象并非土体基本力学特性，而是一个边界值问题。     

变荷载下任意层地基一维非线性固结的数值分析

采用双曲线型的土体应力应变关系和渗透系数k随孔隙比变化的关系式,不对固结系数作任何假设,建立了考虑荷载变化的任意层地基的一维非线性固结控制方程,并用简化加权隐式差分格式对上述非线性固结控制方程进行数值计算。以某四层地基为例,通过与太沙基线性固结理论的比较,揭示了非线性因素对饱和成层软土地基一维固结的影响及通常情况下考虑非线性因素影响的必要性。     

非达西渗流与变渗透系数下的大变形固结分析

基于大变形固结理论,考虑非Darcy渗流与渗透系数变化的耦合作用,建立平面固结问题的控制方程与有限元方程。采用所编制的计算程序,对某一黏性土体固结过程进行数值计算。通过变动参数,探讨非Darcy渗流与渗透系数变化的影响。研究结果表明:固结初期,渗透系数变化可引起浅部土层超孔压消散滞后,固结中后期,整个土层均存在超孔压滞后现象,且随参数αc的增大而更加明显。参数m对固结过程的影响与参数αc相似,而参数iL的影响则相对较小。当考虑参数αc与m共同影响时,固结度降低与超孔压滞后更加显著。     

考虑材料性质参数随温度变化的热屈曲试探解法

分析了结构热屈曲问题的非线性性质,提出了考虑材料性质参数随温度变化的热屈曲热探解法,在ＤＤＪＴＪＱ程序上实现了材料参数（弹性模量Ｅ,泊桑比μ,线膨胀系数α）随温度变化情况下复杂结构热屈曲有限元数值分析,数值计算结果表明,由于温升所产生的热应力和材料的力学性质的软化,将使结构的屈曲强度大大降低,原先处于正常工作状态的工程结构,在又受到温度载荷作用后,并可能发生灾难性的屈曲破坏。     

复合材料层合板的热变形非线性分析

采用交替非线性分析有限元法研究了复合材料层合板在瞬态热载作用下的热变形问题。通过数值结果讨论表明，在研究热载作用下复合材料层合板热变形分析时必须考虑复合材料的热物理和力学机械性质随温度变化的非线性特征。     

不同温度下含瓦斯煤岩体的多场耦合数值模拟

考虑地温变化对煤矿深部开采岩石变形破坏的影响,利用COMSOL软件建立含瓦斯煤岩体热-流-固耦合数值模型,并对掘进面进行数值模拟,研究不同温度条件下瓦斯压力、瓦斯渗流速度、煤岩体位移的变化情况。结果表明:温度变化不大的情况下,掘进工作面的瓦斯浓度随温度变化不明显;煤壁工作面附近的瓦斯压力梯度增大。其他条件不变的情况下,随着温度升高,渗流速度不会发生明显变化。该研究为含瓦斯煤岩体动力灾害预测提供了参考。     

初始孔压非均布的饱和土一维热固结解析解

基于热弹性力学和饱和土固结理论,通过热固结方程的建立和求解,研究了初始孔压非均布时的饱和土一维热固结问题.利用有限Fourier变换及其逆变换,得到土层内部超静孔压、温度增量的解析解,并依此求出地基沉降、平均固结度的表达式.根据所得解编制计算程序,分析了饱和土的一维热固结性状,并与不考虑温度影响的传统固结解进行比较.结果表明,超静孔压随时间延长最终消散为零,但在热固结过程中可能会产生负孔压;地基沉降受温度升高的影响小于传统固结解;平均固结度按沉降定义和按孔压定义是不同的,其变化规律与传统的固结理论有较大差别.     

稠油注蒸汽热采过程中地层稳定性分析评价

基于多孔介质热-流-变形耦合理论,综合温度、流体渗流、骨架变形等影响因素,建立稠油热采过程中地层稳定评价模型;采用Galerkin有限元全隐式顺序迭代的方法求解耦合模型,开发相应程序定量模拟热采过程中近井壁区域地层温度、压力、有效应力等物理量的空间分布及随时间的变化特征,结合强度准则判断地层稳定性变化.数值模拟结果表明:热采过程中温度升高导致岩层骨架压应力增大,而孔隙流体压力增加则使拉伸应力增大;有效应力受温度、压力影响大幅度改变是导致近井筒区域地层失稳的重要因素.     

考虑温变时超磁致伸缩微致动器的动力学分析

建立了考虑温度变化时的超磁致伸缩微致动器的动态振动微分方程,得到了微致动器振动响应的非共振解析解.在已知磁化强度情况下,讨论了温度和预应力对振动响应的影响,并得到了位移响应随温度变化的系数;解出由于超磁致伸缩材料非线性而产生的亚谐共振解,讨论了温度对共振因子的影响.仿真结果表明,超磁致伸缩材料的磁-力-热耦合非线性对微...     

大型柔性空间结构热-非线性动力学耦合有限元分析

该文从三维固体力学基本方程和虚功原理出发,考虑几何非线性和截面翘曲的影响,发展了一种热-动力学耦合分析薄壁杆单元,并采用Newmark方法和Newton-Raphson迭代联合求解.其大转动问题采用Rodrigues公式考虑,其截面温度分解为平均温度和摄动温度.该文将瞬态温度场分析和几何非线性很好地统一起来,大大降低了计算规模,为复杂柔性空间结构的热-动力学分析提供了一套求解方案.通过与文献中的数值算例比较,验证了该方法的可靠性.利用该方法分析哈勃望远镜的太阳翼,解释了其扭转振动和动力屈曲等问题.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.