鸡腿菇多糖微胶囊的制备工艺研究

在单因素试验基础上,以微胶囊包埋率为考察指标,采用U10（53）进行均匀试验设计,对鸡腿菇多糖微胶囊的制备工艺进行优化。试验结果通过二次多项式逐步回归分析,对鸡腿菇多糖微胶囊包埋率影响最大的因素是鸡腿菇多糖的质量分数,制备工艺优化方案为：壳聚糖的质量分数为1.6%,海藻酸钠的质量分数为2.2%,鸡腿菇多糖的质量分数为2.0%。应用优化得到的制备工艺进行验证试验,并将得到的微胶囊进行结构表征,表明微胶囊包埋率较高,成型性良好,热稳定性能得到改善。     

制备海藻酸钠-壳聚糖生物微胶囊的技术研究

以海藻酸钠和壳聚糖为原料，研究了采用界面络合方法制备藻酸钠一壳聚糖生物微胶囊的技术条件和影响因素。结果表明，在胶珠反应温度为30℃、反应时间为20min、海藻酸钠浓度为2．0％、氯化钙浓度为4．0％、壳聚糖溶液的浓度1．8％、海藻酸钙胶珠与壳聚糖溶液的比例为1：5、成膜反应时间10min、覆膜时间8min为最佳的微胶囊制备条件。     

锐孔法制备玉米胚中还原型谷胱甘肽微胶囊

以玉米胚中还原型谷胱甘肽为芯材,以海藻酸钠为壁材.采用锐孔法制备微胶囊,以包埋率为指标,确定最佳工艺条件:操作温度为50 ℃,海藻酸钠的质量分数为2.0%,壁材与芯材的比例为20:1,乳化剂的质量分数为0.2%,凝固液CaCl2的质量分数为2.0%,包埋率高达54.46%.由此可见微胶囊化还原型谷胱甘肽有利于提高其稳定...     

气升式内循环生物微胶囊流化床的结构设计及对氯苯酚废水处理

用海藻酸钠／壳聚糖／活性炭制备的微胶囊具有生物半透膜特性和很好的强度;以海藻酸钠／壳聚糖／活性炭微胶囊包裹一株从活性污泥中筛选的对氯苯酚优势降解菌;根据废水处理的要求和流体动力学原理设计了气升式内循环生物流化床的中试设备;实验表明,以制备的微胶囊作为气升式内循环生物微胶囊流化床中载体处理对氯苯酚废水处理最适宜条件：pH=7．0,温度为30-35℃,处理120mg／L的对氯苯酚废水时,微胶囊最佳载体投入量为15％,通气量为120L／h。     

溶剂挥发法制备还原型谷胱甘肽微胶囊

以玉米胚中还原型谷胱甘肽为芯材,以海藻酸钠为壁材,采用溶剂挥发法对玉米胚中还原型谷胱甘肽进行微胶囊化研究.选二氯甲烷为有机溶剂,通过单因素实验及正交试验得出微胶囊化的最佳工艺条件:壁材质量分数为4.0%、壁材芯材比为15∶1、明胶质量分数2%、搅拌速度4 000 r/min微胶囊包埋率可达63.12%.     

复凝聚法制备玉米多肽微胶囊及释放特性研究

采用复凝聚法制备玉米多肽微胶囊,分析了壁材浓度、明胶和羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)比例、壁芯比3个因素对微胶囊包埋率的影响.在单因素和正交试验基础上,依据响应面分析法确定了微胶囊最佳制备工艺,并分析其在体外模拟胃肠液环境中的释放特性.微胶囊最优制备工艺:壁材浓度1.2％,明胶︰CMC为7.59︰1,壁芯比为5.97︰1,在该条件下制备的微胶囊产品在体外模拟胃肠液消化环境中表现出一定的缓释效果.     

海藻酸钠-壳聚糖固定化漆酶的研究

采用海藻酸钠包埋法和海藻酸钠-壳聚糖包埋-交联法固定化漆酶,探讨了固定化条件、固定化漆酶及游离酶的酶学性质,结果表明：包埋法和包埋-交联法固定化漆酶的最佳条件分别为海藻酸钠浓度3％、CaCl2浓度1．5％和海藻酸钠浓度2％、CaCl2浓度2％、壳聚糖浓度1．5％、戊二醛浓度1％．两种固定化漆酶的最适pH和最适温度相同,分别为5．0和30℃,游离酶pH为4．6,温度20℃．包埋法固定化漆酶、包埋一交联法固定化漆酶和游离酶的米氏常数分别为3．3,2．8,1．22mmol／L．     

柠檬香精微胶囊的制备及其在香味纸品中的应用

香精微胶囊化是指利用高分子材料对香精进行包裹,起到保护和控制释放的作用.以柠檬香精为芯材,吐温-20为乳化剂,壳聚糖和明胶为壁材,研究了采用复凝聚法制备微胶囊的技术.结果表明:在香精乳化时,香精与乳化剂质量比为4:1,乳化时间为30 min,乳化速率为1000 r/min,得到粒径为28μm左右的香精微球;在壁材聚合阶段,芯壁比为1:1,明胶与壳聚糖质量比为2:1,可以得到粒径为55μm左右的微胶囊,满足香型纸制备的工艺要求.将微胶囊加入到纸浆中制成纸张,微胶囊缓释效果良好,纸张香味持久达半年以上.     

乳化喷雾干燥法制备戊唑醇/壳聚糖微胶囊

【目的】以壳聚糖(CS)为壁材,杀菌农药戊唑醇(TBA)为芯材,采用乳化喷雾干燥法制备出载戊唑醇/壳聚糖(TBA/CS)微胶囊制剂。【方法】通过扫描电子显微镜探讨了乳液组成(水油比)和喷雾干燥条件对TBA/CS微胶囊结构和形貌的影响,并通过模拟释放实验研究了TBA/CS微胶囊的缓释性能。【结果】当CS溶液质量分数为1.2%,表面活性剂质量分数为1.1%,喷雾气体压力为4 bar(400 kPa),进料速度10.5 m³/h时,制得的TBA/CS微胶囊有规整的球形结构,且具有良好的缓释性能,对白色念珠菌具有明显的抑菌效果。【结论】乳化喷雾干燥法制备载戊唑醇/壳聚糖(TBA/CS)微胶囊的方法简单,CS溶液浓度、表面活性剂浓度、喷雾气体压力、进料速度等实验条件对制备的TBA/CS微胶囊形貌有较大的影响。     

壳聚糖固定化技术及吸附性能的研究

采用海藻酸钠、聚乙烯醇、明胶作为载体,对壳聚糖的固定化条件进行了研究,并以制成的固定化壳聚糖吸附水中Cu2+和Cr6+。结果表明:分别用2%(质量分数,下同)的海藻酸钠、(1%的聚乙烯醇+1%的海藻酸钠)、(1%的明胶+1%的海藻酸钠)固定壳聚糖,成球性及机械性能理想。比较了壳聚糖质量、pH值、吸附时间对吸附效果的影响:0.20 g壳聚糖与(1%的聚乙烯醇+1%的海藻酸钠)载体混合,溶液pH值为6.5,吸附时间为8 h,Cu2+去除率达99.89%;0.15 g壳聚糖与(1%的聚乙烯醇+1%的海藻酸钠)载体混合,溶液pH值为4.5,吸附时间为10 h,Cr6+去除率达98.64%。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.