α–芳基磺酰基取代的丙基异腈的合成

异腈是一类重要的有机合成中间体,可以参与多种反应.其中对甲基苯磺酰甲基异腈(Tos MIC)在杂环化合物的合成中有着广泛的应用.α–芳基磺酰基取代的烷基异腈是一种新型的Tos MIC的类似物,文献表明这种类型的化合物可以用来合成多取代的杂环化合物.文献中报道的α–对甲基苯磺酰取代的烷基异腈的合成都是通过对Tos MIC烷基化的方法来实现的.对于苯磺酰基上带有其他取代基的该类化合物不能用上述方法合成,因而未见报道.本文以取代的苯磺酰氯为起始原料,经过水解、酸化、Mannich反应和脱水反应合成了3个α–芳基磺酰基取代的丙基异腈.这3个新化合物的结构分别通过红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、碳谱(13C NMR)以及高分辨质谱(HRMS)进行了确证.     

N-(3-苯甲酰丙烯酰基)水杨酰肼的合成和抗炎活性

为探讨双酰肼类化合物的合成方法和抗炎活性,以水杨酸甲酯和水合肼合成了水杨酰肼,通过傅克酰基化反应合成了3-苯甲酰丙烯酸,再与二氯亚砜反应获得了相应的3-苯甲酰丙烯酰氯,最后用水杨酰肼与3-苯甲酰丙烯酰氯反应得到N-(3-苯甲酰丙烯酰基)水杨酰肼.并对化合物进行了元素分析、IR、1H NMR和13C NMR表征,应用爪掌肿胀法进行了生物体抗炎活性测试.结果表明:N-(3-苯甲酰丙烯酰基)水杨酰肼具有较好的抗炎活性,值得进一步研究探讨.     

油酰柠檬酸三丁酯增塑剂的合成与应用

采用柠檬酸与正丁醇在催化剂作用下完全酯化生成柠檬酸三丁酯,以油酸与三氯化磷通过酰化反应合成油酰氯,以柠檬酸三丁酯与油酰氯通过酰基化反应合成油酰柠檬酸三丁酯(OTBC).研究油酰柠檬酸三丁酯的合成工艺条件,探讨油酰柠檬酸三丁酯的增塑效果.研究表明:柠檬酸三丁酯与油酰氯的物质的量比为1∶1时酰化率可达到92%;合成的油酰柠檬酸三丁酯分子量为625、脂肪碳与极性基团的比值为8(与DOP相同)、密度为0.946 g/mL、沸点为256 ℃、折光率为1.454 8;OTBC在高氯化聚乙烯树脂(HCPE)相容性良好,对高脆性HCPE的增塑效率优于DOP,OTBC增塑的HCPE材料低温塑韧性优于DOP,OTBC增塑的HCPE涂膜耐水、耐皂水萃取率低于DOP,OTBC在HCPE材料中的稳定性高于DOP.     

3-甲基-2-(3-氯基苯基)吗啉盐酸盐的合成及其抗实验性抑郁活性

以1-(3-氯基苯基)-2-溴-1-丙酮和乙醇胺为原料,经胺化、环合反应、还原,最后酸化得新型吗啉化合物(2):3-甲基-2-(3-氯基苯基)吗啉盐酸盐,产率67.2 %,目标化合物结构经IR、1H NMR、MS测试技术确证,该化合物的合成在国内外从未见有过报道.利用小鼠强迫游泳抗抑郁药理模型对所合成的化合物进行抗抑郁药理活性观察.结果显示此化合物(2)具有一定的抗抑郁活性,值得进一步研究.     

超声波促进吡咯并哒嗪类化合物的合成

以β酮酸酯为起始原料,经亚硝化、Knorr缩合和硝酸铈铵氧化得到了5个吡咯醛.在40 Hz,200 W超声波作用下,5个吡咯醛与水合肼反应生成5个吡咯并哒嗪化合物.结果显示:全部化合物通过熔点,经TLC,IR和1H-NMR表征,结果和目标化合物相同.在超声波辅助作用下,利用吡咯醛和水合肼反应制备吡咯并哒嗪化合物,具有操作简单、能耗低、合成效率高等优点.其中2个吡咯醛(2d,2e)和4个吡咯并哒嗪化合物(3a,3c-3e)为首次报道.     

3(5)-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1H-5(3)-取代吡唑酰胺化合物的合成及其结构表征

以4-甲氧基苯乙酮和草酸二乙酯为起始原料,通过Claisen酯缩合、Knorr环化得到3(5)-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1H-5(3)-吡唑甲酸乙酯,再与水合肼反应得到3(5)-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1H-5(3)-吡唑酰肼,进一步与芳香缩合,高产率合成出10个新的3(5)-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1H-5(3)-取代吡唑酰腙化合物,通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱等测试手段对所合成的10个新化合物进行了结构表征.     

牡丹酚缩乙醇胺的晶体结构及抗菌活性研究

以中药材牡丹皮为原料,用水蒸气蒸馏法提取牡丹酚,将牡丹酚纯化精制后在70℃的乙醇介质中与乙醇胺发生缩合反应生成牡丹酚缩乙醇胺,其产率高达80.5%。用红外光谱(IR)、紫外光谱(UV)、质谱(MS)、核磁共振谱(NMR)以及元素分析等来表征其结构,并用单晶X-衍射技术测定其晶体结构。该化合物为单斜晶系,空间群为P2(1),晶体学参数:a=0.637 9(9)nm,b=0.628 9(9)nm,c=2.663(4)nm,α=90.0°,β=90.188°,γ=90°,V=1.068(3)nm3,Dc=1.310 g/cm3,F(000)=450,Z=4,R1=0.044,wR2=0.128 2,R(int)=0.020 5。对牡丹酚和牡丹酚缩乙醇胺选用6种细菌和1种酵母菌进行抗菌活性研究,测定其最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC),结果表明牡丹酚和牡丹酚缩乙醇胺对测试菌株均有抑制和灭活作用,牡丹酚缩乙醇胺对伤寒沙门菌50127株和枯草芽胞杆菌CMCC63501株表现得更为显著。     

席夫碱大环化合物诱导合成及其反应途径

报道了以联苯甲酰和硫代羰酰肼为起始物在Mg2 离子诱导下(2∶2)大环化合物C30H24N8S2的合成;分别分离或合成了开链中间物C29H22N4O2(1∶2)和C16H18N8S2(2∶1);对这3个化合物用IR,1HNMR和MS等进行了结构表征.成环反应体系进行紫外跟踪,对形成大环化合物的可能途径进行了讨论.     

1,3,4-噁唑啉类衍生物的合成与表征

1,3,4-噁唑啉类化合物具有杀虫、杀菌等生物活性.为此合成了一系列1,3,4-噁唑啉类衍生物.首先以4-甲基苯甲酸为原料,在浓硫酸作用下,与乙醇反应制得4-甲基苯甲酸乙酯,再以无水乙醇为溶剂,与水合肼反应制得4-甲基苯甲酰肼（1）,而后在乙醇作用下,（1）分别与芳香醛反应得到相应的酰腙（2a～2j）,然后2a～2j分别与乙酸酐脱水环合成目标化合物（3a～3j）.该反应条件温和,收率高,所合成的化合物的结构经元素分析,红外光谱（IR）,1H核磁共振谱（NMR）和质谱（MS）确证.     

N—对羧苯基松香马来酰亚胺的合成及结构测定

本文研究一种能用于合成新型高热性能的聚酰亚胺酯或聚酰胺酰亚胺的单体——N—对羧苯基松香马来酰亚胺的合成原理、方法及其结构的测定数据.在加热条件下,松香和马来酸酐(1:1投料量)发生Diols(?)Alder反应生成松香—马来酐加合物(RMA)的产率为79％;在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)存在下,松香—马来酐加合物与对氨基苯甲酸反应获得的N—对羧苯基松香马来酰亚胺(PRMID)的产率为90.4％.溶解性等物理性质、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱测定的数据表明产物的结构为标题化合物.热重分析(TGA)测试的曲线表明,产物具有较高的热稳定性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-