低熟烃源岩的超强混合溶剂抽提及其地球化学意义

将一种新的、具有超强抽提能力的二硫化碳与Ｎ－甲基－２－吡咯烷酮混合溶剂（ＣＳ２－ＮＭＰ）用于抽提低熟烃源岩有机质，并将抽提结果与氯仿抽提、甲醇－丙酮－氯仿三元混合溶剂抽提进行了比较，研究结果表明，ＣＳ２－ＮＭＰ混合溶剂在不破坏有机质化学结构的情况下对低熟烃源岩有机质有很强的抽提能力，是氯仿抽出量的２￣９倍，对部分低熟烃源岩有机质的抽出量达到７００ｍｇ／ｇ以上。异常高的有机质抽出量表明，低熟烃源岩有     

烃源岩的溶剂抽提研究

以氯仿、体积比为 1∶1的二硫化碳与N甲基 2吡咯烷酮 (CS2 NMP)混合溶剂为抽提溶剂 ,采用直接抽提、连续直接抽提、浸泡抽提等方法对我国大庆油田英 412井和江汉油田王 80井及谭 30井的 3个烃源岩样品进行了抽提研究。实验结果证明 ,烃源岩有机质中存在着大量的非共价键缔合结构 ;烃源岩的抽提率略大于相应干酪根的抽提率 ,这表明烃源岩的酸处理富集有机质的过程对有机质的物理化学结构有一定的影响。另外 ,抽提条件的改变可影响抽提率 ,这表明烃源岩有机质中的非共价键缔合结构会随着外界条件改变而呈动态变化     

烃源岩的溶剂抽提研究

以氯仿，体积比为1：1的二硫化碳与N－甲基－2－吡咯烷酮（CS2－NMP）混合溶剂为抽提溶剂，采用直接抽提，连续直接抽提，浸泡提等方法对我国大庆油田英－412井和江汉油田王－80井及谭－30井的3个烃源岩样品进行了抽提研究，实验结果证明，烃源岩有机质中存在着大量的非共价键缔合结构，烃源岩的抽提率略大于相应干酷根的抽提率，这表明烃源岩的酸处理富集有机质的过程对有机质的物理化学结构有一定的影响，另外，抽提条件的改变可影响抽提率，这表明烃源岩有机质中的非共价键缔合结构会随着外界条件改变而呈动态变化。     

溶剂抽提损伤致裂煤体实验研究

致密煤层中瓦斯的运移和抽排与煤体的致裂损伤有着密切的联系,溶剂抽提致裂煤体、产生裂隙会有助于低渗透性煤层瓦斯的运移.本文对块体煤进行了不同种类溶剂的抽提损伤实验,测定了抽提损伤后煤体的孔隙率变化.溶剂种类对煤体的致裂损伤作用效果显著不同,N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)抽提后的煤体形成了许多裂隙;二硫化碳和NMP混合溶剂体系对煤体的抽提存在协同作用,其对煤体的抽提损伤效应大于单种溶剂;NMP和NMP与二硫化碳混合溶剂抽提后煤体的孔隙率约是原煤体孔隙率的4倍和5倍,煤体的孔隙率增大十分明显;抽提物及抽提残煤体的红外光谱和热重分析表征结果表明,与原煤相比,抽提残煤中的脂肪烃类物质明显减少.     

歧口凹陷沙一段低熟烃源岩评价

利用烃源岩有机质丰度、生排烃特征、发育古环境、有机岩石学及原油特征等手段,探讨歧口凹陷沙一段低熟烃源岩生烃、排烃特征。研究结果表明,歧口凹陷沙一段低熟烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好,具有集中排烃、高效排烃的特点。沙一下段烃源岩发育的环境主要为干旱气候下的咸水环境。藻类及显微组分中的矿物沥青基质是低熟烃源岩形成低熟油气的物质基础。歧口凹陷存在大量未熟-低熟的原油。     

烃源岩中有机质测定及分布规律研究

烃源岩是一种富含有机质和各种无机矿物的集合体,而有机质是未熟-低熟原油和烃源岩抽提物的常见组分。采用不同方法对烃源岩进行有机质抽提并进行了四组分分析,考察了不同层位和深度有机质总抽提率和四组分的分布规律。结果表明,三元溶剂的抽提率相对较高,并且总体含量上在Es3有机质的含量较高,颜色深的页岩含有机质的量较高。     

灵武煤CS2/NMP萃取物的柱层析分离及其馏分的GC/MS分析

室温下用等体积的二硫化碳/N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(CS2/NMP)混合溶剂对灵武煤进行超声辐射萃取.依次用正己烷、苯、氯仿和四氢呋喃作为展开剂对萃取物进行柱层析分离,得到馏分F1～F4,用气相色谱/质谱联用仪(GC/MS)分析各馏分.结果表明,烷烃高度富集于F1中,F3中稠环芳烃相对含量最高,F4的主要成分是含氧有机化合物.     

超临界流体抽提法研究茂名与抚顺油页岩中油母质的化学结构(Ⅰ)——超临界抽提的工艺条件

在内径25毫米抽提器的半连续试验装置中对茂名和抚顺油页岩超临界流体抽提的工艺条件进行研究。最佳抽提条件为385—400℃,150—200公斤/厘米~2,甲苯流率13毫升/分,溶剂比30:1。可从油页岩中得到对有机质约80％的沥青抽出物(平均分子量约800)。由于沥青抽出物收率高,气体生成量少,抽出沥青受到再次热解反应少,通过对沥青的组成与结构分析来研究油母质,开辟了研究油母质化学结构的新途径。     

有机质对未熟烃源岩低温催化混合酯水解生烃的影响

选择十六烷酸甲酯和十八烷酸甲酯组成的混合酯为模型反应物,采用不同的方法对未熟烃源岩进行有机质抽提,以连串反应的动力学模型考察抽提前后未熟烃源岩低温催化混合酯水解率及生烃率的变化,分析有机质组分对催化反应的影响.结果表明:相比于抽提有机质后的未熟烃源岩,含有有机质的未熟烃源岩低温催化混合酯的水解率和生烃率更高.     

灵武煤CS_2/NMP萃取物的柱层析分离及其馏分的GC/MS分析

室温下用等体积的二硫化碳/N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(CS2/NMP)混合溶剂对灵武煤进行超声辐射萃取。依次用正己烷、苯、氯仿和四氢呋喃作为展开剂对萃取物进行柱层析分离,得到馏分F1~F4,用气相色谱/质谱联用仪(GC/MS)分析各馏分。结果表明,烷烃高度富集于F1中,F3中稠环芳烃相对含量最高,F4的主要成分是含氧有机化合物。     

Quantification and implications of two types of soluble organic matter from brackish to saline lake source rocks

Two types of soluble organic matter, the free and adsorbed, were obtained and quantified from the brackish to saline lake source rocks. The adsorbed type was extracted with chloroform, solvent mixtures of methanol：acetone：chloroform （MAC） and CS2：N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone （CSz/NMP）. The total amounts of the two types of soluble organic matter from some immature source rocks are 〉830 mg/g TOC, more than 63% of the total organic matter in these samples. This result indicates that the majority of the organic matter in the immature source rocks in the brackish to saline lake basin is soluble, and is significant for study of petroleum formation and helpful for petroleum exploration in the brackish to saline lake basin.     

Organic compositions of lacustrine source rocks in Jiyang super-depression and its implication to petroleum geology

IMMATURE OIL WAS FIRST DISCOVERED IN WELL YI18 IN CHINA [1]. FROM THEN ON, MORE AND MORE IMMATURE OILS WERE DISCOVERED IN JIYANG SUPER-DEPRESSION, FOR EXAM- PLE, SOUTHERN SLOPE OF DONGYING DEPRESSION, GUNAN SAG IN ZHANHUA DEPRESSION, TAOERHE, DAWANGZHUANG…     

油页岩溶剂萃取技术

为实现油页岩的清洁、高效利用,自制液固萃取设备,采用氢氟酸酸化前处理方法,对油页岩进行了溶剂萃取研究。实验结果显示：二硫化碳和N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮（CS2-NMP）混合溶剂具有较高的萃取率,萃取率可达到8.9%,且萃取物含有的物质数量最多。CS2-NMP萃取物中烃类物质质量分数达到62.1%,成分类似于柴油;且含有β-雌甾醇、L（＋）-抗坏血酸等高附加值的化合物。X射线荧光分析和扫描电镜分析发现：经酸化处理后的萃余物因SiO2反应及有机质的溶解,萃余残矿具有良好的孔隙结构。     

Pyrolysates of raw vitrinites and their residues after CS2-NMP solvent extraction and its significance for petroleum geology

Vitrinite is the main maceral in most huminites[1]. And it accounts for up to 50%―90% in coals of Jurassic Turpan-Hami Basin, with an average value of 70%[2]. And the character of vitrinite dominates the structure and hydrocarbon generation ability of co…     

Simulation experiments for evolution of fatty acids in immature source rocks

The anhydrous, hydrous and bitumen-extrac- ted simulations were carried out for the immature source rocks from the Liaohe sag. It has been shown from the result that with increasing temperature in simulation experiments, the fatty acids content decreased at first and then increased. The decrease of fatty acids in immature rocks is presumably related to alkanes generation in immature oils, whilst the increase may be related to the fact that some additional fatty acids are generated from kerogen and the tightly bound fatty acids in kerogen are released as bound fatty acids in kerogen and unbound fatty acids in bitumen. The fact that the bitumen generated from kerogen contains fatty acids has demonstrated that some bound and tightly bound fatty acids in kerogen can be transferred into bitumen. The preferential fatty acids in the immature source rocks are found to be mono-carboxylic acids with longer chains, whilst krogen contains relatively more di-carboxylic acids. It has been found that the fatty acids in immature source rocks can be changed from that with more longer chains to that with more shorter chains when evolution extent has been increased. Based on simulation results and the fact that the majority of fatty acids in immature oils are those with longer chains, it is inferred that the contribution of fatty acids to forming alkanes in immature oils mainly takes place at the evolution stage with R₀ <0.6%. The simulation experiments have also demonstrated that H₂O could promote the generation of fatty acids with more di-carboxylic acids and delay alkanes formation from fatty acids.     

用射频低温氧化法去除未熟烃源岩中的有机质方法研究

利用GP0 2 A高频感应加热设备产生高频磁场 ,等离子体在高频磁场中激活氧气形成活性氧 ,活性氧在低温低压下氧化烃源岩中的有机质 ,从而达到去除有机质并确定其含量的目的。采用射频低温氧化法对我国 7个盆地未熟烃源岩进行了有机质去除的实验 ,结果表明 ,在最佳条件下用 2 0～ 4 0h可把未熟烃源岩中的有机质去除 ,我国 7个盆地未熟烃源岩中有机质的质量含量为 1.5 3%～ 3.17%。