城市轨道交通换乘常规公交时间优化模型

为探究城市轨道交通换乘常规公交的时间优化模型,以上海市晚高峰时段地铁6号线金桥站换乘874线路公交车为例,利用统计分析软件,分析客流到站时间,得到对数正态分布;并在此基础上建立乘客候车时间模型,运用调查所得数据设置模型各参数值;最后以乘客候车时间最少为目标函数,利用遗传算法求解得到874线路公交车优化后的到站时间.结果表明:利用时间优化模型求得的874线路公交车发车时间与优化前的发车时间相比,乘客的候车时间平均每人节约约52.8 s,有效提高了人们的出行效率.     

城市轨道站台乘客候车位置选择行为分析与Logit建模

探索城市轨道交通乘客站台候车位置选择行为的影响因素,从乘客主体、站台特性、列车运行等3方面分析其对候车位置选择行为的影响。应用Logit模型,构建了包含拥挤容忍程度、排队长度、列车车厢满载率、走行距离、视野关注范围、出行目的等6个影响因素的乘客候车位置选择行为模型。通过调查问卷数据对模型参数进行标定。结果表明不同轨道交通乘客候车位置选择行为存在差异,拥挤容忍程度高的乘客倾向于综合列车车厢满载率和排队长度再选择候车位置,而视野关注范围小的乘客倾向于综合走行距离和列车车厢满载率再选择候车位置。     

城市轨道站台乘客候车位置选择行为分析与Logit建模

探索城市轨道交通乘客站台候车位置选择行为的影响因素,从乘客主体、站台特性、列车运行等3方面分析其对候车位置选择行为的影响。应用Logit模型,构建了包含拥挤容忍程度、排队长度、列车车厢满载率、走行距离、视野关注范围、出行目的等6个影响因素的乘客候车位置选择行为模型。通过调查问卷数据对模型参数进行标定。结果表明不同轨道交通乘客候车位置选择行为存在差异,拥挤容忍程度高的乘客倾向于综合列车车厢满载率和排队长度再选择候车位置,而视野关注范围小的乘客倾向于综合走行距离和列车车厢满载率再选择候车位置。     

基于出行成本和运营成本的接驳城市轨道交通社区公交站点布设研究

接驳城市轨道交通的社区公交可有效解决乘客出行"最后一千米"的问题,社区公交站点的合理布设需要统筹兼顾乘客出行成本和企业运营成本.在候选站点中,将乘客的步行时间和在途时间作为乘客选择站点候车的影响因子,并将乘客的站点选择行为转化为该站点被选择的概率,以乘客的步行时间成本、候车时间成本、在途时间成本和企业的运营成本最小为目标,以步行距离、满载率、发车频率和站间距为约束建立多目标优化模型,采用遗传算法求解.最后通过仿真实例,给出了优化的发车间隔和站点布设方案,验证了模型和算法的合理性和可用性.     

基于公交IC卡和GPS数据的换乘识别方法

为提高公交换乘识别的精度,将IC卡和GPS数据融合推断得到乘客上车站点和下车站点及下车时间,在此基础上根据居民公交出行的特点及过程,从时间角度和空间角度来判断公交换乘行为。时间角度判断是从乘客站台候车时间及乘客站台候车时间段内是否乘坐第一辆目标线路车辆两个方面进行换乘行为识别。空间角度判断通过两个参数即迂回系数和直达系数来进行换乘行为的判断。最后,与只从时间角度识别的方法进行了对比。结果表明:考虑空间因素的识别方法更为合理全面。     

地铁安全门

出门在外,但求行得顺心,走得舒心。地铁安全,有“门”把关—— 地铁安全门作为保障乘客在站台候车时的屏障,在世界所有新造地铁中都有所采纳。在中国,第一条带安全门的地铁线路是广州地铁二号线。     

基于多传感器的地铁站台上车点择优技术

为缓解地铁高峰期出行人流量大,容易在楼梯两侧拥堵,造成候车乘客分布与各车厢拥挤程度不匹配,进而使得乘客在车厢分布不均的情况,设计了上车点择优系统。该系统利用2对红外传感器和2对超声传感器来监控每次上下车厢的人流量,通过STM32F103单片机处理,统计出各节车厢内人数,然后将数据传输至候车区的USART HMI串口显示屏上,使候车乘客了解各节车厢内的拥挤情况,从而选择更优的上车点。上述系统可以改善人们在采用轨道交通出行时,候车位置选择的盲目性和随机性,避免候车客流分布差别很大的情况出现。     

行 地铁安全门

<正>出门在外,但求行得顺心,走得舒心。地铁安全,有"门"把关——地铁安全门作为保障乘客在站台候车时的屏障,在世界所有新造地铁中都有所采纳。在中国,第一条带安     

设屏蔽门的岛式地铁车站站台宽度设计方法

通过视频识别和实地观测,基于乘客候车行为提出岛式站台乘客候车6个阶段站台功能区域转变的方式,遵循乘客安全候车和顺利流通的原则,提出上、下行列车等待区和流通区互不重叠、相互独立的要求,确定考虑等待区长度和流通区宽度的站台宽度设计方法,并与现行规范站台宽度设计方法对比,说明现行方法在实际运行中存在的问题.而新方法符合加设屏蔽门的站台运行特点,可以为轨道站设计提供参考.     

基于移动终端的主动预约式智能公交调度系统

针对我国城市近郊区公交系统智能化水平低、居民出行便捷性差等交通现状,在综合分析现有需求响应式交通系统(DRT)特点的基础上,结合互联网主动预约技术与车辆智能定位技术,提出了一种基于移动终端的主动预约式智能公交调度系统。将互联网移动终端、总调度控制中心与公交车辆作为一个整体系统,以乘客预约候车总人数与乘客最长等待时间为决策变量,通过引入相关阈值建立了基于乘客需求的发车间隔优化模型,并给出了发车时间间隔的求解方法。研究结果表明:与常规公交系统相比,基于移动终端的主动预约式智能公交调度系统能够有效地解决我国城市近郊公交运行效率低、乘客候车时间长、出行困难等交通问题,对于提高公交的便捷性与智能化水平具有积极的现实意义。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.