基于小波分析法与神经网络法的非平稳风速信号短期预测优化算法

为提高传统神经网络对非平稳风速的预测精度,提出一种基于小波分析法与神经网络法混合建模的优化算法。该优化方法引入小波分析法对实测非平稳风速信号进行分解,将非平稳性原始风速序列转化为多层较平稳分解风速序列,再利用BP神经网络对各分解层风速序列建立预测模型,最终加权各层预测结果获得风速超前多步预测结果。仿真结果表明:该优化算法实现了风速的高精度短期多步预测,将传统神经网络法对应超前步数的平均绝对相对误差分别提高了55.56%,32.43%和34.58%,其超前1步、3步和5步预测的风速平均相对误差分别为0.48%,1.50%和2.97%。优化网络具备信号分解与自学习能力。     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的风速组合预测模型

探讨了基于最小二乘支持向量机的组合预测模型在风速短期预测中的可行性.该模型以BP神经网络、RBF神经网络、粒子群BP神经网络3种预测模型的风速预测值作为组合预测模型的输入,实际风速值为输出,利用最小二乘支持向量机回归算法构造风速间的非线性关系,以实现风速多步预测.将该模型的预测性能与BP神经网络组合预测模型、线性组合预测模型进行比较,通过平均绝对误差、误差平方和、平均相对误差3个指标进行评价.结果表明,最小二乘支持向量机预测模型的平均相对误差低于6%,其他误差指标也明显低于其他预测模型.因此,最小二乘支持向量机组合预测模型预测精度不仅高于任一单项预测模型预测精度,而且高于传统的线性组合预测模型与一般BP神经网络组合预测模型.验证了该模型在风速预测中的可行性.     

结合纹理特征和深度学习的行人检测算法

针对行人检测算法中存在特征鲁棒性差及分类器拟合非线性数据能力弱等问题,提出一种基于纹理特征和深度学习分类算法的行人检测方法.提出一种改进的GSRLBP纹理特征提取算法,提取行人图像的局部纹理特征,通过获取像素点的梯度信息结合GSRLBP算法消除微小扰动对行人特征提取的影响,进一步增强特征提取的鲁棒性.搭建基于深信度网络的深度学习行人样本分类器,利用多层受限波兹曼机搭建分类器输入端和中间层,将行人纹理特征信息逐层转化和传递,实现特征数据的自学习,利用BP神经网络搭建分类器的输出端,实现分类器结构的自优化.研究结果表明,该算法可行、有效,且性能优于经典浅层机器学习行人检测算法.     

多层局部回归网络的非线性系统预测模型

提出采用多层局部回归神经网络建立多变量非线性系统多步预测模型的方法,神经 网络模型可提供多步预测控制所需要的系统输出预测值及输出向量对控制向量的雅可比矩 阵．仿真试验表明这种动态神经网络的预测模型具有较高的精度．     

受限玻尔兹曼机的步态特征提取及其识别

针对步态识别问题,研究了受限玻尔兹曼机的步态特征提取及其识别.主要基于行人图像序列,通过背景分割、归一化以及步态周期的计算,采用叠加方法生成步态能量图,以此作为步态的特征图像,利用受限玻尔兹曼机自动获取步态特征.选取中科院CASIA步态数据库以及支持向量机、孪生支持向量机、神经网络与K-近邻方法对使用受限玻尔兹曼机方法的特征提取进行了研究,同时与主成分分析PCA、线性判别分析LDA、卷积神经网络CNN特征提取与识别方法进行了比较.     

用于孤立数字语音识别的一种组合降维方法

针对孤立数字语音识别的噪声鲁棒性问题,提出了一个组合降维方法。该方法由梅尔频率倒谱系数(MFCC)特征提取、线性降维、受限玻尔兹曼机(RBM)、Softmax分类器4个功能模块依次组成;基于主成分分析(PCA)基本原理对MFCC特征向量实现了降维并且统一维度的目的;通过RBM对降维后的特征向量进行学习,改善了后端Softmax分类器的分类性能,RBM的预训练由对比散度算法完成,微调过程使用共轭梯度算法。采用TI-46孤立数字语音库和NOISEX-92典型噪声数据库对方法进行了测试,实验结果表明,该方法可以获得96.09%的正确识别率,相对于常规神经网络识别方法,噪声鲁棒性得到了提高。     

改进的PSO-RBF神经网络在联合制碱中的应用

联合制碱过程是一类典型的复杂工业过程,具有时变、非线性、不确定性等特征,在线控制模型难以建立。针对联合制碱复杂工业过程控制精度不高、鲁棒性差等问题,提出一种改进的PSO-RBF神经网络控制算法。将粒子群优化算法和径向基神经网络相结合,使用改良的粒子群优化算法对RBF神经网络的隐含层基函数中心、宽度和输出层的连接权值进行寻优,建立基于改进的PSO算法优化后的RBF神经网络模型。将改进的PSO-RBF神经网络控制模型应用到联合制碱的关键工序碳化过程中,并与先前应用的模糊神经网络控制模型进行比较,经仿真研究验证表明,在联合制碱碳化过程中应用改进的PSO-RBF神经网络控制算法,其控制精度和系统鲁棒性得到了有效的提高,为解决一类复杂工业过程的建模与优化控制方法研究提供了有效的技术途径。     

基于LSTM神经网络的畸形波预测

采用长短时记忆(LSTM)神经网络预测方法对某岛礁地形模型的四个典型波浪试验数据进行预测分析,并建立了单步和多步预测模型.首先对波高时间序列数据进行归一化处理;然后建立了包括输入层、隐藏层和输出层的LSTM网络模型框架;最后对测试样本进行单步预测,将预测结果与支持向量机(SVM)模型和反向传播(BP)模型进行了对比.结果表明:LSTM神经网络预测精度有明显优势;多步预测中,提高预测时长其预测精度并无明显降低.     

基于量子粒子群-径向基神经网络模型的风速预测

风速预测对风电场和电力系统的运行都具有重要意义.为了提高风速预测的精度,提出了一种基于量子粒子群-径向基神经网络模型,在确定网络隐含层节点数后,将RBF网络的参数编码成优化算法中的粒子个体进行优化,在全局空间搜索最优适应值的参数.用优化后的神经网络进行风速预测,实例结果表明该算法在预测速度和精度上都得到了提高.     

基于神经网络的短期电力负荷预测及其MATLAB实现

针对短期电力负荷预测问题,利用MATLAB软件建立日最高温度、日最低温度、日平均温度和平均湿度等气象因素对电力负荷的回归预测模型,具体对比给出BP神经网络与NARX神经网络两种回归预测结果,并通过对隐含层网络参数的调试对BP神经网络进行了适当的改进.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to