热处理参数对超高强铝合金硬度的影响

采用热处理、硬度测试、显微组织观察等方法,分析不同的时效温度、固溶时间、时效时间对超高强铝合金硬度的影响,并利用正交方差分析对最佳的热处理工艺参数进行优选.结果表明：在固溶温度为460℃,固溶时间为400、60、200 min,时效温度为130、150、170℃,时效时间为10、15、20 h的条件下,各参数对硬度影响...     

蚂蚁蛋白质提取方法的比较研究

以铺道蚁(Tetramorium caespitum)为实验材料,采用正交试验法,对蚂蚁蛋白质的提取条件进行了研究.实验分别采用碱提蛋白法、盐提蛋白法、Tris-HCl缓冲液提蛋白法等3种提取方法.对其主要条件:不同浓度、浸提温度、浸提时间、固液比以及Tris-HCl液的pH值等进行了研究.结果表明,碱提蛋白法的最佳条件为:碱液浓度为1%,固液比为1∶15,浸提时间为60 min,浸提温度为80℃;盐提蛋白法的最佳条件为:盐液浓度为1.5%,固液比为1∶15,浸提时间为60 min,浸提温度为50℃;Tris-HCl缓冲液提蛋白法的最佳条件为:pH值为8.3,固液比为1∶15,浸提时间为90 min,浸提温度为20℃.在这3种方法中,碱提蛋白法的蛋白质得率最高,其次为盐提蛋白法,而Tris-HCl缓冲液提蛋白法最低.     

党参多糖提取工艺优化及不同购买地党参多糖含量比较

目的:采用均匀法超声辅助提取党参多糖,优化提取工艺并比较不同购买地党参多糖含量.方法:采用U6(3×63)均匀试验设计,优化影响多糖提取较大的温度、液料比、提取时间和超声功率4个工艺参数,并比较10个不同购买地党参多糖含量.结果:单因素试验提取温度在55~80℃,液料比25∶1~50∶1,提取时间35~60min,超声功率105~135 W为最佳工艺范围.均匀设计优化后,结合逐步回归分析和方差分析,优化的最佳条件为提取温度70℃,料液比25∶1,提取时间35min,超声功率135W.不同购买地党参多糖含量分别为吉林白山(16.62±0.32)%,甘肃文县(22.22±0.41)%,湖北恩施(12.36±0.33)%,云南昭通(17.97±0.38)%,山西晋城(14.82±0.30)%,四川凉山(15.95±0.41)%,山西长治(11.53±0.35)%,贵州威宁(12.59±0.28)%,巫山红椿(30.97±0.41)%,巫山笃坪(17.52±0.29)%.结论:均匀法超声辅助提取党参多糖工艺稳定、高效、可靠,不同购买地党参多糖含量差异明显,可能由于地理位置、湿度、温度、土壤条件、光照等不同.上述结果为党参多糖后续产品研发奠定了基础.     

温度对野生大豆种子萌发的影响

为探讨野生大豆(Glycine soja )种子萌发与温度的关系,将浓硫酸浸泡处理和砂磨处理过的种子置温度5、10、15、20、25、30、35℃恒温及25/15℃(昼/夜)变温条件下进行发芽试验,测定各温度下种子发芽率、发芽势及发芽指数.试验结果表明,野生大豆种子的适宜萌发温度为15-30℃,浓硫酸浸泡最佳处理时间为40min.     

蚕丝纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料力学性能的试验优化设计

采用Box-Behnken响应面试验设计,对蚕丝纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料压缩成型工艺参数进行了优化.采用无梭织机织布废料作为增强材料,在聚丙烯纤维基质中进行增强处理.对蚕丝纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能有关的模压成型的工艺参数(温度(165～185℃)、时间(7～15 min)和压力(35×10~5～45×10~5 Pa)进行了优化.在最佳参数为温度177.5,时间7 min和压力35×10~5 Pa条件下,获得了压缩成型的最佳力学性能.预测模型关于优化后的参数水平具有良好的响应.     

生物土壤结皮光合固碳活性对水热因子的响应

为了明确植被恢复区生物土壤结皮光合固碳活性对水热因子的响应,以露天煤矿排土场两种生物土壤结皮(藓结皮和藻结皮)为材料,通过人工气候室控制温度和水分,采用Li-6400(簇状叶室)光合仪研究生物土壤结皮光合固碳活性对9个温度、6个模拟降水量水平的响应.结果表明:藓类结皮光合固碳活性显著高于藻类结皮,温度和水分均显著影响生物土壤结皮光合固碳活性,温度、水分及结皮类型三者之间的交互效应也显著影响生物土壤结皮光合固碳活性.藓类和藻类结皮光合固碳活性的最适温度分别为20~25、15~20℃,最适降水量均为2 mm.     

不同干燥方法对鱼明胶干燥特性的影响

采用热风干燥、真空干燥和微波干燥分别进行明胶干燥,比较不同干燥方式下明胶的干燥特性.实验结果表明:热风干燥高度为5 mm明胶溶液,改变温度(30、40、50℃)和湿度(20%、40%)的干燥耗时为6～10 h,高度为6 mm明胶溶液的干燥耗时为8～10 h.真空干燥高度为5 mm或6 mm明胶溶液,改变压力(30、50、70 kPa)和温度(30、40、50℃),干燥时间可以缩短至1～2 h.改变明胶高度为2 mm,热风干燥温度为50℃和微波干燥功率为270 W时,干燥耗时分别为60 min和40 min.真空干燥方式下,通过控制干燥温度和真空度,明胶溶液内部会形成气泡,可增加水分溢出通道,极大地提高明胶干燥速率;明胶微波干燥速率快,但也存在较严重的干燥不均匀性.     

普洱茶中茶多酚和茶多糖的提取工艺研究

以普洱茶为材料、水为提取溶剂,通过正交设计考察了浸提温度、浸提时间、溶剂用量、浸提次数4个因素对其所含茶多酚和茶多糖提取得率的影响,优化茶多酚和茶多糖综合提取工艺.结果表明,最佳提取工艺条件为浸提温度80℃,浸提时间1 h,溶剂用量(固液比)1∶10,浸提次数1次.在优化的提取工艺条件下,提取物干物质得率为20.65%,其中茶多酚含量为30.47%,茶多糖含量为57.26%,且该提取物作用于高脂饮食小鼠降脂效果显著.     

红薯营养方便粉丝加工工艺研究

以纯红薯淀粉为原料,采用连续冷冻老化工艺代替无机铝盐开粉剂进行松丝开粉和老化,使产品感官品质具有较大的提高并且避免了铝对人体健康的不良影响,通过L9(3)4正交实验及极差分析表明:冷冻温度对产品品质影响最大,水分含量次之,解冻时间影响最小,连续冷冻老化工艺最佳参数为,粉丝表面水分含量为50%、冷冻时间6 h、解冻时间20 min以及冷冻温度-15℃.     

菱镁矿制轻质碳酸镁消化过程最佳工艺条件探讨

通过测定苦土的粒度、液固比、消化温度和消化时间对灰分中 Mg(OH)_2含量的影响,从而得到苦土消化的最佳操作条件为苦土粒度120目、液固比40:1、消化温度80～90℃、消化时间90～100min.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.