丙烯酸甲酯改性硅油的合成与性能研究

以丙烯酸甲酯(MA)和含氢硅油(PHMS)为原料,制得兼有二者性能的丙烯酸甲酯改性硅油(MA-g-PMMS).对合成产物的结构进行了红外表征,测定了合成产物的粘度指数(VI)、粘温系数(VTC)和表面张力(ST),讨论了PHMS含氢量和粘度对产物性能的影响.用回归分析方法进一步研究了PHMS含氢量和粘度与产物性能的关系.结果表明:PHMS含氢量对MA-g-PMMS性能影响比其粘度显著,且PHMS含氢量和粘度越小,MA-g-PMMS的性能越佳,其VI为420、VTC为0.60、ST为22.0 mN/m;二元回归方程很好地预测了MA-g-PMMS的VTC和ST,误差绝对值分别控制在 0.005 8和0.069 1内.     

十二烷基改性硅油的合成及其润滑性能

为了考察分子结构中的聚合度和链节比对十二烷基改性硅油的黏温性能和润滑性能的影响,以含氢硅油(PHMS)和1 十二烯为原料,通过改变PHMS的运动黏度(ν25)、含氢量(w(H)),合成了系列十二烷基改性硅油(CH3)3SiO(CH3C12H25SiO)n((CH3)2SiO)m Si(CH3)3.结果表明,长链烷基硅油中链节比对其性能的影响比聚合度的影响显著,当链节比(n∶m)为0.32、聚合度(m n)≥52时,十二烷基改性硅油具有良好的黏温性能和润滑性能,其黏度指数为410,磨痕直径为0.35 mm.     

苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物在沥青中的分散性

对苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)改进沥青性能进行了实验研究.用Brook fieled旋转黏度计测定了SBS对两种沥青进行改性后样品的系列黏度.实验发现SBS在含芳烃较高的沥青中分散性能好,增黏效果显著,尤其是当其质量分数大于3%后芳烃含量较高的沥青黏度增大幅度较大;SBS对沥青的针入度、软化点、延度等物理性能的影响也非常明显.通过对SBS改性沥青性能的机理分析,表明SBS在沥青中的分散性是提高改性沥青性能的重要因素.适当添加芳烃有助于提高SBS改性沥青的物理性能.     

长链烷基硅油的制备

文中以α-烯烃化合物和含氢硅油为原料在铂催化剂的作用下,用硅氢化反应合成长链烷基硅油。考查了各种反应条件的影响,确定最佳反应条件:反应原料α-烯烃化合物与低含氢硅油的质量比为 35∶52.5 ;反应温度135℃;反应时间13h;催化剂用量为反应原料总质量的0.0035%;滴加含氢硅油所用时间45min。对产品结构进行了核磁和折射率的测定,并对反应机理进行了初步的探讨.     

聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺三元共聚物溶液的流变性

将对苯二胺、对苯二甲酰氯及4,4'-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)在极性有机溶剂体系中进行低温缩聚,得到了聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(PPTA)三元共聚物溶液.研究了溶液中共聚物质量分数、温度、CaCl<,2>质量分数、共聚物的比浓对数黏度和ODA的摩尔分数对PPTA三元共聚物溶液的非牛顿指数、黏流活化能、结构黏度指数等重要参数的影响,为纺丝工艺的制定提供重要依据.     

用荧光法分析大庆油田驱油用两亲聚合物的缔合行为

两亲聚合物(HAP)是一种新型聚合物驱油剂,针对大庆油田驱油用两亲聚合物HAP-570和HAP-1200,利用荧光探针考察其缔合行为.结果表明:随着HAP质量浓度增加,疏水基团之间的缔合性增强;两亲聚合物的相对分子质量越大,临界聚集浓度cCAC值越小;NaCl质量浓度越大,cCAC值越小,且HAP相对分子质量越大影响越显著;Na+对cCAC值的影响符合公式lgcCAC=A-Blgc0,其中B值反映Na+对cCAC值的影响程度;两亲聚合物增黏能力较强,且黏度-浓度曲线与荧光探针确定的不同相对分子质量的cCAC变化规律具有较好的对应关系.     

纳米颗粒/矿物冷冻油的流变特性研究

对纳米颗粒/矿物冷冻油的流变特性进行了全面的实验研究,重点分析了颗粒浓度、颗粒种类和温度对冷冻油流变特性的影响.结果表明:对于纳米颗粒TiO2/矿物冷冻油,当w(TiO2)≤0.2%时,为牛顿流体,当w(TiO2)0.2%时,表现为剪切变稀特性.纳米颗粒TiO2/矿物冷冻油的黏度大于纯质冷冻油,且随着颗粒质量分数的提高而增大,当w(TiO2)=0.4%时,黏度可提高11.2%,拟合得到的混合物黏度模型预测值与实验值吻合良好.纳米颗粒种类对混合物的流变特性有一定的影响,这与颗粒的形状有关.纳米颗粒/矿物冷冻油的黏温曲线趋势与纯油相似.     

S~2-对聚合物黏度的影响

通过分析油田采出污水中聚合物黏度的变化,考察S2-对聚合物黏度的影响;根据S2-对聚合物降黏作用前后红外、核磁数据,探讨S2-降低聚合物黏度的机制。结果表明:随着油田污水中S2-质量浓度增加,聚合物黏度下降,6mg/L的S2-能使1.7 g/L聚合物溶液黏度降到10 mPa.s以下;含S2-的模拟污水配置的聚合物在波数3 100 cm-1和化学位移为6.00时产生了C=C键峰,溶液中产生了带有双键的新物质;在降黏过程中发生了自由基链式反应,使聚合物长链断裂成小分子物质;可通过抑制自由基的产生来保持聚合物的黏度。     

Mk对调质高炉渣制备矿渣棉过程中熔渣性能影响

利用铁尾矿进行高炉渣调质实验,研究了酸度系数(M_k)对调质高炉熔渣析晶性能、黏度及表面张力的影响.结果表明:随M_k的增加,调质熔渣的析晶温度明显降低,当M_k高于1.4时熔渣温度降至1100℃,体系仍为无序玻璃相;随M_k的增大,调质熔渣黏度对温度变化的敏感性逐渐减弱,适宜成纤黏度范围对应的温度区间逐渐增大,适宜成纤黏度范围内最低成纤温度与析晶温度之差Δt=(_○t_○w-_○t_○l)逐渐增大,当M_k为1.2时Δt为101.7℃;在调质熔渣适宜成纤温度范围内,M_k对熔渣表面张力的影响不大,熔渣表面张力与黏度的比值σ/η(表征熔渣成形难易程度)随M_k的增大逐渐减小.     

改性钛溶胶/羟基丙烯酸酯复合乳液的制备与表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570)改性的钛溶胶,通过单体预乳化方法结合半连续种子乳液聚合工艺合成了甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、丙烯酸（AA)、苯乙烯（St)和甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)等聚合物乳液,将改性钛溶胶加入到聚合物乳液中,制得具有核壳结构的改性钛溶胶/羟基丙烯酸酯复合乳液. 考察了乳化体系、改性二氧化钛溶胶添加量、羟基单体用量对聚合反应稳定性以及乳液性能的影响,用红外光谱、DSC、GPC以及SEM对乳胶粒进行表征. 结果表明:乳胶粒具有规整的球形结构,平均粒径为200 nm左右;当选用SR-10反应性乳化剂,改性二氧化钛溶胶的添加量（质量分数）为5%,羟基单体质量分数为20%,制得的乳液具有较好的稳定性且乳胶膜的耐水性能较好.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.