兼氧技术——有机废水处理的新方法

研究了兼性好氧菌的特点,利用兼氧菌的过渡作用将好氧菌、厌氧菌组合在同一装置中,发挥三类细菌的各自特长,协同处理较高浓度(COD在1000～3000mg/L)有机废水.使氧化、氨化、亚硝化、硝化、反硝化等反应在同一装置中进行.同时研究了实施兼氧技术的难点、反应装置的型式、动力设备的选择、装置的特征参数、装置内的化学反应,并实施了水产品废水、甲醇精馏残液等处理工程.     

气液混合方式和臭氧量对精制竹醋液的影响

由于原竹醋液是一种很复杂的混合物,很难有广泛的用途,为了更好地利用竹醋液的功能,必须对复杂的原竹醋液进行精制;采用臭氧氧化方法,气液混合的方式对原竹醋液进行了处理;讨论了氧化时间、氧化方式和通入臭氧量对竹醋液中理化性质的影响;可知实验条件最佳的是微孔曝气、氧化时间7 h和臭氧量为23.76 g/h,精制后的竹醋液吸光度、p H值、焦油量减少,而且提高了总酸度和醋酸的含量。     

甲醇精馏工艺及装置

绍了甲醇精馏工段的工艺和装置,论述了装置系统自调控制情况,并提出了对装置技术改进的措施.通过改进,装置排放残液中的甲醇含量降低到0.05%以下,COD降低到950mg/L以下.     

内冷式薄膜蒸馏装置性能研究

研制了一套0.02m2内冷式薄膜蒸馏小试装置.通过十二醇、十六醇的小试试验,考察了装置的工艺性能,并根据对试验结果的分析,考察了影响蒸馏过程的因素.分析表明最佳操作条件的选取应综合考虑操作温度、残气压力对蒸馏速率及分离因数的影响.针对本装置,提高蒸馏效果的关键在于增大冷凝面积,降低残气压力和装设有效的汽液分离器.     

润滑油加氢补充精制装置的技术改造

介绍了兰州石化炼油厂润滑油加氢补充精制装置技术改造及其运行情况,通过合理利用停工装置的设备,使流程改动不大,装置改造后减一线馏出口、半成品脱酸率比改造前提高14、16%,后续酸碱精制装置精制深度平均降低4%。     

含有机砷废物无害化处理方法

含砷农药中间体生产过程中产生1种含有机砷的釜残,属于《国家危险废物名录》中第HW24类废物,釜残的含砷量高,现有的焚烧法、固化填埋处理方法无法使其达到无害化处理的标准.本处理方法的研究是采取在一定条件下,用氧化剂氧化釜残,使固态废物中的砷通过有机物氧化破链溶解转移至水溶液中,同时将含有的三价砷全部转化成五价砷降低毒性,然后进行固液分离,废水经处理达到国家相关排放标准后,排放至城镇污水处理厂,废水处理过程中产生的废渣连同氧化分离出的废渣进行固化填埋处理,达到无害化处理的目的.     

直馏柴油催化氧化脱硫工艺中试研究(II)

采用直馏柴油催化氧化脱硫工艺中试装置,在表观停留时间3～5min、反应温度60℃、氧化催化剂/柴油体积比0.24,反应物料循环量1000L/h和柴油/萃取剂体积比2.5的试验条件下对直馏柴油进行催化氧化脱硫中试研究。精制柴油的产品分析表明：柴油中的主要硫化物二苯并噻吩类被氧化为极性的砜类化合物经萃取脱出,本工艺脱硫效果良好。富集硫化物柴油与催化柴油按1∶10的体积比混合,在模拟兰州石化炼油厂柴油加氢工业装置的操作条件下加氢脱硫,可使混合富硫柴油中的硫含量从2500μg/g降低到800μg/g。富集硫化物柴油可作为催化裂化柴油加氢装置的原料。     

正十六烷液相自动氧化及阻抑问题

在静态氧化装置中以正十六烷为原料,考察了温度、氧压力和样品量对其自动氧化的影响,求得反应的总活化能为29.1仟卡/克分子。用加阻抑剂的方法测定了自动氧化的链引发速度,并计算了链长和其它一些动力学数据。实验表明石腊浅度氧化产物对正十六烷氧化无阻抑作用,而深度氧化产物有一定的阻抑作用。实验还表明在静态装置中氧化的自动阻抑现象不是由于原料的消耗或反应液的阻抑所引起,是由于反应生成的低佛点产物和气体产物阻碍氧扩散入反应液所致。     

实用型固定膜光催化氧化装置去除水中苯酚

通过实用型固定膜光催化氧化反应器，进行了水中苯酚的光催化氧化研究，试验表明，与光分解相比，光催化氧化具有氧化程度高，可实现完全矿化的优点，相近条件下固定膜与悬浮型光催化氧化装置的运行结果表明，在本项目研制的实用型固定膜装置中，苯酚的光催化氧化效率高于其在ＴｉＯ２水浊液中的氧化效率。     

液膜脱硫塔在液态烃脱硫装置的应用

本文主要介绍了我装置液态烃原料性质及液态烃脱硫的常见方法,即碱洗法、催化氧化法、乙醇胺法。分析了液膜脱硫塔的内部结构和工作原理及液膜脱硫塔在液态烃脱硫装置上的使用情况,对新旧脱硫装置进行对比分析,相较之下得出液膜脱硫塔的优点,从而提高脱硫效果,降低生产成本。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.