纺锤型γ－FeOOH的合成及其热分析研究

采用空气氧化ＦｅＳＯ４与Ｎａ２ＣＯ３作用生成的Ｆｅ（ＣＯ３）ｘ（ＯＨ）２（１－ｘ）悬浮液体系，通过稀土离子Ｙ３＋的掺杂合成出均匀纺锤型铁黄γ－ＦｅＯＯＨ微晶．由ＤＴＡ－ＴＧ和ＸＲＤ分析得出γ－ＦｅＯＯＨ随温度升高，发生如下相变过程：γ－ＦｅＯＯＨ→γ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３→α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３．本文还对γ－ＦｅＯＯＨ的脱水过程机制和以γ－ＦｅＯＯＨ为中间体经热处理制备的纺锤形γ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３磁性能作了初步探讨．     

丙烯氨氧化催化剂物化性能研究：Ⅱ.催化剂失活前后的结构表征

采用ＸＲＤ，ＩＲ，Ｍｏｂａｕｅｒ ＥＳＲ，ＸＰＳ，ＳＥＭ和孔结构分析等分析测试手段，对比研究了新鲜，失活和再生三种丙烯氨氧化催化剂的体相结构和表面性质。结果表明，新鲜催化剂中各元素以Ｆｅ２（ＭｏＯ４），α－ＣｏＭｏＯ４，ＮｉＭｏＯ４，γ－Ｂｉ２Ｏ３．ＭｏＯ３，α－Ｂｉ２Ｏ３．３ＭｏＯ３，η－ＭｏＯ３，α－Ｂｉ２Ｏ３和β－Ｂｉ２Ｏ３形式存在２；失活催化剂中，部分Ｆｅ２（ＭｏＯ４）３转变为α－Ｆｅ－Ｍ     

针形α—Fe磁粉表面氧化处理研究

采用针形铁黄（α－ＦｅＯＯＨ）还原制备得到针形α－Ｆｅ金属磁粉，然后将其浸入甲苯中，慢速空气氧化制得样品．用透射电子显微镜（ＴＥＭ）观察其表面形貌，采用Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ），Ｘ－射线光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）分析其组成与结构．提出α－Ｆｅ粒子表面双层缺陷氧化膜（内层Ｆｅ３Ｏ４，外层γ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３）的模型，用热处理的方法证实了它的存在，并得出有序氧化物结构可改善α－Ｆｅ磁粉稳定性的有益结果     

在Fe_2O_3－K_2O催化剂上乙苯程序升温脱附研究──探讨乙苯脱氢反应机理

乙苯在Ｆｅ＿２Ｏ＿３－Ｋ＿２Ｏ催化剂上的ＴＰＤ研究表明，新鲜催化剂表面有α和β两种活性位，均具脱氢、脱乙基和裂解活性．乙苯吸附后能脱氢生成苯乙烯和脱乙基生成苯，若预先吸附水亦可脱甲基生成甲苯，新鲜催化剂表面氧化能力较强，脱下的的氢或烷基会立即与表面晶格氧作用生成Ｈ＿２Ｏ和ＣＯ＿２，并致使催化剂表面被还原产生新的γ活性位．γ位裂解性能较强，但在吸附水后也具有脱氢和脱烷基活性，水对甲苯的生成起着重要的作用，α活性位可能是Ｋ＿２Ｆｅ＿２Ｏ＿４相，β和γ位可能是Ｆｅ＿２Ｏ＿３和Ｆｅ＿３Ｏ＿４（部分还原的氧化铁）相．     

丙烯氨氧化催化剂物化性能研究：Ⅰ.程序升温脱附

应用程序升温脱附技术研究新鲜，失活和再生三种丙烯腈催化剂上ＮＨ３，Ｏ２和丙烯吸附后的脱附行为。结果表明，三种催化剂表面都只有一种酸中心存在三种氧化物种可能是：Ｏ＾－，弱结合的表面晶格氧Ｏ＾２－和强结合的体相晶格氧Ｏ＾２－；新鲜和再生催化剂表面都有三个吸附丙烯活性中心，而失活催化剂只有一个较弱的与主产物关系不甚密切吸附中心。     

掺杂金属离子对α—FeOOH的形态调节作用

采用ＴＥＭ、ＨＲＥＭ、ＤＴＡ和ＸＲＤ等表征方法，研究了掺杂Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｃｒ＾３＋、Ｌａ＾３＋和Ｃｅ＾３＋四种金属阳离子对α－ＦｅＯＯＨ粒子形态的影响及其作用机制。结果表明，掺杂Ｎｉ＾２＋和Ｃｒ＾３＋可明显提高α－ＦｅＯＯＨ粒子的轴比，而掺杂Ｌａ＾３＋和Ｃｅ＾３＋则不能；Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｌａ＾３＋和Ｃｅ＾３＋亦可抑制α－ＦｅＯＯＨ枝叉的形成。研制发现，杂质离子改变了铁黄表面和本体结构，且提高铁黄粒子轴比     

CO2加H2合成甲醇反应中CuO／ZnAl2O4催化剂性能的研究

研究了制备条件对ＣＯ２加Ｈ２合成ＣＨ３ＯＨ反应中ＣｕＯ／ＺｎＡｌ２Ｏ４催化剂的性能及ＺｎＡｌ２Ｏ４尖晶石形成的影响。采用ＸＲＤ、ＢＥＴ、ＴＰＤ和ＦＴ－ＩＲ等测试技术，对催化剂晶相结构和表面物种进行了深入分析。结果表明，沉淀方法对催化活性具有重要影响；ＮａＣＯ３沉淀剂最有利于ＺｎＡｌ２Ｏ４尖晶石的形成；Ｚｎ／Ａｌ摩尔配比为０．２３／０．３８时，尖晶石形成最为完整，活性最好。经ＴＰＤ和ＦＴ－ＩＲ测试，     

掺杂金属离子对α－FeOOH的形态调节作用

采用ＴＥＭ、ＨＲＥＭ、ＤＴＡ和ＸＲＤ等表征方法，研究了掺杂Ｎｉ￣（２＋）、Ｃｒ￣（３＋）、Ｌａ￣（３＋）和Ｃｅ￣（３＋）四种金属阳离子对α－ＦｅＯＯＨ粒子形态的影响及其作用机制。结果表明，掺杂Ｎｉ￣（２＋）和Ｃｒ￣（３＋）可明显提高α－ＦｅＯＯＨ粒子的轴比，而掺杂Ｌａ￣（３＋）和Ｃｅ￣（３＋）则不能；Ｎｉ￣（２＋）、Ｌａ￣（３＋）和Ｃｅ￣（３＋）亦可抑制ａ－ＦｅＯＯＨ枝叉的形成。研究发现，杂质离子改变了铁黄表面和本体结构，且提高铁黄粒子轴比的作用源于其抑制α－ＦｅＯＯＨ短轴方向（１２０）晶面的生长速率。     

石灰抑制黄铁矿的活化机理研究

ＸＰＳ和Ｘ射线衍射分析表明，高石灰用量条件下，由于强碱和氧化作用，黄铁矿表面生成Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３，ＣａＳＯ４和Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２亲水性膜，黄铁矿被抑制．浮选实验表明，草酸、硫酸、磷酸等药剂能活化石灰抑制黄铁矿的浮选，ＸＰＳ表面分析、电化学测试和溶液化学计算表明，这些活化剂能降低溶液ｐＮ值，且能与黄铁矿表面Ｃａ２＋，Ｆｅ２＋，Ｆｅ３＋形成络合物或难溶盐从黄铁矿表面脱附进入溶液，暴露出新鲜表面；同时，活化剂存在时，黄铁矿表面难以氧化，使高石灰抑制黄铁矿得以活化。     

纺锤形铁黄α－FeOOH微晶合成动力学研究

本文对纺锤形α－ＦｅＯＯＨ微晶合成动力学过程进行了研究．利用复相反应经验动力学方程，考察了初始浓度、反应温度和空气流量对Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）２－ＰｅＣＯ３悬浮液氧化速率的影响，确定了α－ＦｅＯＯＨ成核－生长速率方程，证实了晶粒生长阶段存在溶解－氧化的动态平衡，根据活化能大小，推断相界面氧化反应为该复相反应的控制步骤，还对α－ＦｅＯＯＨ成核生长微观机理作了初步探讨．     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.