亚铵法红麻全秆浆制造牛皮箱板纸试验研究

用速生高产红麻全秆,采用亚铵法红麻全秆浆代替木浆生产牛皮箱板纸。质量全部符合国家规定标准。     

红麻全杆制浆工艺的探讨

红麻kenaf(学名HibiscusCannabinnsL),又名洋麻、野麻、槿麻等,属双子叶植物纲锦葵科木槿属植物[4]。过去红麻作为造纸纤维原料没有能够引起人们的足够重视。近年来,随着世界范围的木材产量大幅度减少和纸的品种范围扩大,木材制浆,特别是针叶木制浆巳远远不能满足日益增长的造纸工业需求,红麻作为一种潜在的制浆造纸原料已越来越引起人们的广泛重视。美国、日本、巴西、印度等国在开发和研究红麻全杆制浆造纸方面做了大量工作。所谓全杆麻,是指韧皮部和木质(芯)部未经分离的麻类原料的全部[4]。研究结果表明,除撕裂度外,红麻硫酸盐桨几乎可以和针叶木硫酸盐浆媲美,很多方面甚至好于阔叶木硫酸盐浆,是一种具有广阔发展前景的制浆造纸原料。     

Influence of alkaline treatment and fiber loading on the physical and mechanical properties of kenaf/polypropylene composites for variety of applications

Due to current trend and increasing interest towards natural based fiber products, Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) fibers have been used for the developments of many products. Therefore, Kenaf fiber-reinforced composites have been widely used in engineering and industrial applications. The present work deals with the fabricating and characterization of untreated and treated kenaf/polypropylene (PP)-reinforced composites. Composites of PP reinforced with treated and untreated kenaf fibers were fabricated using the injection molding technique. Different fiber loadings of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 wt% treated and untreated kenaf composites were also prepared. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed on the treated, untreated kenaf fibers and kenaf/PP composites. Moreover, the alkaline-treated kenaf composites exhibit better physical, morphological, and mechanical properties because of the compatibility of kenaf with PP. However, variations in tensile and flexural properties depend on treatment and kenaf fiber contents. The percentage increase in the mechanical properties of the treated kenaf/PP composites relative to that of PP was also measured. In addition, 40 wt% kenaf fiber loading resulted in higher mechanical properties. By contrast, kenaf/PP composite with 50% fiber loading was not successfully prepared because of improper mixing and the burning of kenaf fibers in the PP matrix. To conclude, 40% kenaf/PP composites with superior physical and mechanical properties may be used in variety of applications such as automotive, sports, construction, animal bedding, and mass production industries.     

Research on Pectase Secreted by Aspergillus Niger Degumming Kenaf Bast Fiber

In this paper, the aerobic metabolism mechanism of Aspergillus Niger （AS 3.3 50 ）, which is the most suitable bacteria for degumming kenaf fiber, is expounded, and macromolecular structure of pectin is also analyzed. The fracture position of the macromolecular chain of kenaf pectin and its outgrowth structure, affected by Endo-PG and Exo-PG are secreted by AS 3. 350 and explored in molecule scale. The optimal value of degumming parameters are fixed： temperature 34 - 36℃, time 48 - 50 h, pH 6.5 - 7.5. Compared with kenaf fibers obtained by natural method, the ones deguntmed by bio-enzymatic method possess of smoother surface, .better. Separation, less impairment and higher strength with. residual pectin percentage of 14.5 %.     

洋麻仿毛改性研究和产品开发

作者基于洋麻和羊毛在纤维结构和性能上的差异,提出洋麻仿毛改性的依据、目标和条件。通过仿毛改性,改变了洋麻工艺纤维的长度、细度、表面形态,机械性能、可纺性和缩绒性,生产出改性洋麻含量为30％的具有类似纯毛风格的毛麻混纺产品。该产品的开发有重大经济效益。     

黄红麻土工布的开发前景

黄红麻是我国主要纤维作物和经济作物,具有很多优点。世界各国对黄红麻土工布开发利用的范例表明,黄红麻土工布在控制水土流失、防止土壤沙化以及堤坝、高速公路边坡的保护和加固等方面具有其它土工布所不可替代的特殊作用。我国自然资源的人均占有量明显低于世界水平,水土流失、土壤沙化严重,开发利用黄红麻土工布前景广阔,意义重大。     

Mechanism of Kenaf Retting Using Aerobes

The experimental results showed that the duration of microbial retting processing of kenaf fibers by using aerobic microbe was four times shorter than that by using anaerobic microbe. The residual gum percentage, breaking strength, breaking elongation and linear density of aerobic retted kenaf bundle fibers did not show significantly difference with that of anaerobic retted kenaf bundle fibers by ANOVA-Tukey's studentized test at a = 5% except for the softness. The bioenergetic principle and the calculation of the amount of ATP produced during the decomposition processing of kenaf gums were used to explain why the retting duration in the case of using aerobic microbes was much shorter than that of using anaerobic microbes.     

洋麻芯刨花板的试制

洋麻(Hibiscus cannabinus)是一种传统的造纸纤维作物。笔者利用洋麻芯分别试制了单层和 3 层结构刨花板,单层结构采用3% pMDI或6% PF的施胶量,设计密度为0.25~0.85 g/cm3;3层结构刨花板采用施胶量3% pMDI,设计密度为 0.85 g/cm3,粗细刨花分层铺装,表芯层原料质量比分别为 3∶7,5∶5, 和2∶1。分析了板的常规物理力学性能(MOE,MOR,IB,TS,LE)及端面密度梯度(VDP)。结果表明:采用洋麻芯为原料制造的刨花板,具有较好的力学性能,但吸湿变形明显,这主要决定于密度和施胶量两大因子;单层结构具有非对称性;采用“细-粗-细”的分层结构可以有效改善单层结构的不对称性,表芯比为 5∶5 时3层结构刨花板的综合性能最佳。     

Study On Modification Of Kenaf and Its Spinning Blended With Cotton

This paper deals with the chemical treatment of kenaf fi-ber and the spinning of the kenaf yarn blended with cot-ton. The experimental results show that after being treated by alkli, the properties of kenaf fiber have im-proved obviously, which made it possible to produce the yarn of kenaf blended with cotton. The results are very helpful for the utilization of kenaf fiber.     

红麻韧皮纤维生物酶脱胶研究新进展

分析了红麻韧皮纤维胶质组分,从分子水平阐述了生物酶脱胶机理。通过实验确定红麻生物酶脱胶工业化生产工艺流程及参数,为红麻韧皮纤维生物酶脱胶提供理论依据。     

漆酶/木聚糖酶体系去除废新闻纸脱墨浆中胶黏物的研究

废纸浆因含有大量的细小组分和阴离子杂质,极大地影响了纸机网部的滤水性能和成纸质量。笔者应用漆酶处理废新闻纸脱墨浆,研究其去除胶黏物的效果。结果表明：漆酶/木聚糖酶体系（LXS）处理废纸脱墨浆,能有效去除浆料中胶黏物,尤其是漆酶/木聚糖酶体系处理后碱抽提（LXS+E）去除效果更佳。在酶用量为15 μmol/(min·g)时,LXS和LXS+E处理后与原浆相比,浆中胶黏物分别降低了51.91 %和68.43 %,减轻了后续工序除胶黏物的负荷,改善了浆料滤水性。当漆酶用量为15 μmol/(min·g)时,LXS和LXS+E处理浆与原浆相比,打浆度分别降低了15.22 %和28.26 %。此外通过这两种方法处理还能提高浆料的强度,而浆料得率却稍有下降。     

黄麻和红麻单纤维的形态及特征

用化学方法把黄、红麻单纤维从工艺纤维中分离出来,应用计算机图像采集系统,对黄、红麻单细胞纤维的形态进行观察;描述单细胞躯干上的中腔、节点、单细胞直径及长度特征,并通过对截面的观察和截面细胞个数的统计,计算出胞间层的体积含量,推测出单细胞在工艺纤维中的粘结方式,提出黄、红麻工艺纤维细化的有效途径.     

改良木聚糖酶辅助漂白芦苇浆的工艺研究

采用分子改良后的木聚糖酶对芦苇浆进行生物预处理,考察了改良木聚糖酶辅助漂白的效果。结果表明,酶预处理可以降低CEH三段漂白中氯化C段的氯气用量60%。改良木聚糖酶预处理辅助漂白芦苇纸浆最佳条件为:pH为7.0,温度60℃,浆浓(质量分数)5%,酶用量12μmol/(min.g),预处理时间60 min。在此条件下C段氯用量降至对照的40%时,酶处理漂后样品白度可达到84.0%(ISO),高出对照样的白度3.7%(ISO)。改良木聚糖酶预处理还能够改善纸浆漂后样的物理性能。     

外伤性脱位牙保留牙髓再植术的临床研究

探讨外伤性脱位牙保留牙髓再植术的临床治疗效果。对97颗不同类型的外伤性脱位牙采用保留牙髓植术．并对治疗方法和治疗效果进行综合分析。结果表明，外伤性脱位牙保留牙髓再植术后，牙髓愈合率为34．02％，正常牙周膜愈合率为55．67％，根管治疗率为62．89％，牙根吸收率为44．33％。可见外伤性脱位牙保留牙髓再植术可获得较高的牙髓愈合率，最大限度地保留活髓，牙周膜愈合率也得到提高，从而提高了患牙的长期保存率。     

黄红麻微生物脱胶影响因素及机理研究

利用微生物学和生物化学原理对黄红麻微生物脱胶的影响因素进行了研究，同时从微生物能量代谢和物质代谢的角度分析了微生物脱胶的机理。     

黄红麻纤维化学改性及其与棉混纺的研究

对黄红麻纤维进行了化学处理并将其与棉进行混纺，试验结果表明，经碱处理后的黄红麻纤维的性能有了明显的改善，从而在与棉的混纺中表现出较好的可纺性和成纱质量。     

STUDY ON THE ELEMENTAL CHLORINE FREE BLEACHING OF BAMBOO KRAFT PULP

1INTRODUCTIONChina is a country using the most variety of non-wood fiber raw material and is the largest country producing non-wood fiber pulp and paper in the world[1]. Bamboo is one kind of the main non-wood species for papermaking in China. Although the structure of raw materials for papermaking has being adjusted through increasing the proportion of wood pulp and by effectively utilizing waste paper source, non-wood species will still remain an important fiber resource[1,2].At present…     

THE TCF BLEACHING OF NS-AQ ASPEN HIGH YIELD CHEMICAL PULP

INTRODUCTIONNowadays, under the pressure of energy crisis, Methods押The pulp was put in the high-density polyethylene plastic bag in the of thermostatic water bath where the pulp was treated with chelated environment pollution and market competition, the pulp industry has being developed in the direction of "Three Highness" and " Three Lowness". "Three Highness" means high yield, high strength and high brightness; on the other hand, " Three Lowness" means low energy consumption, low wa…     

微波技术在竹浆漂白中的应用

用正交实验法探讨了在微波辐射下次氯酸钠漂白硫酸盐竹浆的工艺条件,结果表明,微波辐射用于硫酸盐竹浆次氯酸盐单段漂白的最佳工艺条件为:微波辐射功率480W,辐射时间2min,用氯量4.29%,氢氧化钠用量1%,浆料浓度12%.在此条件下,纸浆白度可达72.9%IS0;而在相同条件下达到此白度,传统水浴加热则需要90min的时间。因此,微波辐射竹浆次氟酸钠单段漂白能节约能源和提高生产效率.     

应用bFGF胶原缓释海绵修复髓室底穿孔的疗效

目的:观察碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)胶原缓释海绵消除髓室底炎症及修复髓室底穿孔的疗效。方法:实验组5 2例(5 7颗患牙)应用bFGF胶原缓释海绵作为内屏障材料充填穿孔周围,避免穿孔周围修补材料超充填,对照组4 0例(42颗患牙)使用聚梭酸锌粘固粉。对临床症状和X片随访观察6个月,结果进行统计学处理,评价bFGF胶原缓释海绵的治疗效果。结果:当穿孔大于3mm以上及有临床症状时,bFGF组成功率为80 % ,失败率为2 0 % ,两组差异有统计学意义(P <0 0 5 )。结论:bFGF胶原缓释海绵在消除髓室底炎症修复髓室底穿孔具有显著的疗效,是一种新型内屏障材料