Ti45Al8Nb2Mn0.2B铸造合金高温形变行为

Ti45Al8Nb2Mn0.2B铸造合金在900～1200℃温度范围,1～10-3/s应变速率条件下进行压缩实验,研究其变形特点以及组织变化.结果发现,形变过程中合金的真应力-真应变曲线上存在一个应力峰值,随后流变应力随着应变量的增加逐渐下降并趋于稳态流变.降低温度和提高应变速率都使合金的应力峰值增加.在实验温度范围内合金的应变速率敏感系数为0.10～0.24;在高温形变过程中发生动态再结晶,合金的组织得到明显细化.再结晶晶粒尺寸随温度的降低和应变速率的增加而减小,也就是随Zener-Hollomonc参数的增加而减小;升高形变温度和降低应变速率均促进再结晶过程.     

Cu-Cr-Zr合金热变形行为

在Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机上,采用高温等温压缩试验,在变形温度650～850℃、应变速率0.001～10 s^-1和总压缩应变量50%的条件下,对Cu-Cr-Zr合金的流变应力行为进行研究.通过应力-应变曲线和显微组织图分析了合金在不同应变速率、不同应变温度下的变化规律.结果表明：应变速率和变形温度对合金再结晶影响较大,变形温度越高,合金越容易发生动态再结晶;应变速率越小,合金也同样容易发生动态再结晶,并且对应的峰值应力也越小.从流变应力、应变速率和温度的相关性,得出了该合金热压缩变形时的热变形激活能Q和流变应力方程.研究分析Cu-Cr-Zr合金的热加工性能,可为生产实践提供理论指导与借鉴.     

Ti45A18Nb2Mn0．2B铸造合金高温形变行为

Ti45A18Nb2Mn0．2B铸造合金在900～1200℃温度范围，1～10^-3／s应变速率条件下进行压缩实验，研究其变形特点以及组织变化．结果发现，形变过程中合金的真应力一真应变曲线上存在一个应力峰值，随后流变应力随着应变量的增加逐渐下降并趋于稳态流变．降低温度和提高应变～速率都使合金的应力峰值增加．在实验温度范围内合金的应变速率敏感系数为0．10～0．24；在高温形变过程中发生动态再结晶，合金的组织得到明显细化．再结晶晶粒尺寸随温度的降低和应变速率的增加而减小，也就是随Zener-Hollomonc参数的增加而减小；升高形变温度和降低应变速率均促进再结晶过程．     

5083铝合金高温变形行为及加工图

采用Gleeble-3800热模拟机对5083铝合金进行高温等温压缩实验,研究该合金在变形温度为300~500℃、应变速率为0.0l~10.0 s-1条件下的流变行为,建立合金高温变形的本构方程和加工图,采用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)分析变形过程中合金的组织特征。研究结果表明:流变应力随变形温度升高而降低,随应变速率增大而升高;当变形温度为400~500℃时,合金发生动态再结晶;5083铝合金的高温流变行为可用Zener-Hollomon参数描述,该合金在真应变为0.6时的加工图中存在2个失稳区域,其优选的加工条件是变形温度为420~500℃,应变速率为0.01~0.10 s-1。     

均匀化后冷却方式对7050铝合金热压缩流变行为的影响

利用GIeeble-1500热模拟机在变形温度为300-450℃、应变速率为0.001-1.0s-1的条件下,对均匀化后经快速水冷和慢速随炉冷却这2种不同冷却方式的7050铝合金样品进行高温等温压缩实验,研究该合金的热压缩变形流变行为.结果表明:合金流变应力不仅随变形温度的降低和应变速率的升高而增加,而且随均匀化后淬火冷却速度的增加而显著升高;均匀化后水淬样品中合金元素过饱和固溶于基体内,变形过程中第二相析出并明显粗化;快速水冷样品的热形变表观激活能为224.9 kJ/mol,而慢速随炉冷却样品的热形变表观激活能为144.6 kJ/mol;热压缩变形流变应力的差别随形变温度的升高而降低;在高温低应变速率下,应力-应变曲线出现锯齿形波动,呈不连续动态再结晶特征;7050铝合金高温塑性变形时的流变行为可用包含Arrhenius项参数Z的双曲正弦函数描述.     

AZ61镁合金热压缩流变应力的实验

采用Gleeble-1500型热模拟机,对AZ61镁合金进行高温压缩实验,分析该合金在不同变形温度与应变速率条件下的压缩流变应力.研究AZ61镁合金在热变形时,流变应力与变形温度、应变速率之间的关系,并建立相应的流变应力模型.结果表明,AZ61镁合金在高温压缩变形时,当变形温度一定时,流变应力随应变速率的增大而增大;而当应变速率一定时,流变应力随变形温度的升高而降低.AZ61镁合金的热变形过程均表现出较明显的动态再结晶特征,其流变应力的变化规律主要受加工硬化和再结晶软化两者机制的共同作用.在热变形下,AZ61镁合金峰值流变应力可以用双曲正弦模型来进行较好的描述.     

应变速率对8090Al-Li合金拉伸性能的影响

用动态拉伸的方法研究了应变速率对 80 90 Al— L i合金拉伸性能的影响 ,应变速率的范围为 10 - 3～ 10 3s- 1。结果表明 ,合金的强度和塑性随应变率的增加而增加。试样的 SEM和 TEM分析发现 :准静态下的断裂为沿晶断裂 ;随着应变率的增加 ,断裂从穿晶准解理断裂过渡到由显微空穴聚集而成的韧窝断裂。高应变率下80 90 Al- L i合金强度和塑性的提高与其变形机制和晶界无沉淀区 (PFZ)的变化有关     

Zn-5%Al共晶合金超塑性变形特性的研究

研究了热轧态的Zn-5％Al共晶合金超塑性变形的力学行为及其显微组织的变化。结果表明:温度和应变速率对合金超塑性的力学性能影响很大。由于Zn-5％Al共晶合金具有优良的稳定组织,其最佳超塑性出现在较高的温度(300℃)和中等应变速率(1.67×10~(-4)s~(-1))条件下。随着温度提高到340℃,热长大已成为晶粒长大的主要因素。提高变形温度(300℃),可以使Zn-5％Al合金以较小的应力(25 MPa)和较高的应变速率(1.67×10~(-2)s~(-1))超塑性变形。     

Mg-6Zn-(Al,Ca)镁合金显微组织及力学性能

利用WD-10A电子拉伸试验机和RD2-3型蠕变试验机对Mg-6Zn-(Al,Ca)系列镁合金的力学拉伸强度及高温蠕变性能进行测试,研究其显微组织对高温性能的影响,并利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析等方法进行分析表征.研究结果表明,Mg-6Zn-2Al-0.3Mn(ZA62)具有较好的综合力学性能,其铸态显微组织主要由α-Mg基体和致密片状Mg51Zn20共晶相组成.少量Ca加入ZA62合金后,抑制了Mg51Zn20相的析出,并代之形成了含Ca的MgZn相和τ相.随Ca加入量增加,晶间相的数量增加,合金组织中出现另一热稳定四元Mg-Zn-Al-Ca化合物相.当w(Ca)>0.5%时,合金晶粒显著细化.随Ca含量增加,合金常温拉伸强度和塑性呈下降趋势,基体显微硬度减小.加入Ca提高了合金高温拉伸强度,改善了合金蠕变性能.在175℃/70 MPa条件下,合金蠕变性能受合金晶粒尺寸影响,随晶粒尺寸的减小,蠕变变形量增加.     

冷却速率对Zr基块体非晶合金塑性变形能力的影响

研究了Zr65Cu17.5Ni40Al7.5块体非晶合金制备过程中合金熔体的冷却速率对合金室温塑性变形能力的影响．对φ2mm铸态Zr65Cu17.5Ni40Al7.5非晶合金及由φ3mm和φ4mm铸态非晶合金经车削加工获得的φ2mm试样的室温压缩变形行为进行了研究,结果表明这些合金表现出不同的塑性变形能力．压缩塑性应变随着铸态块体非晶合金直径的增大而减小,即随冷却速率的增大而增大．由此可知,快速凝固过程中冷却速率的大小决定了块体非晶合金中自由体积含量的多少,对非晶合金的塑性变形能力具有重要影响．     

放电等离子烧结Al20Cr20Fe25Ni25Mn10高熵合金的硬度和腐蚀性能研究

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术在不同温度（800、900和200°C）下保温不同时间（4、8和12 min）合成了Al₂₀Cr₂₀Fe₂₅Ni₂₅Mn₁₀高熵合金（HEA）。通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪（EDS）、维氏显微硬度计、极化曲线等对合金的微观结构、显微硬度和腐蚀进行了实验研究。X-射线衍射（XRD）表征了所制备合金的成分。EDS结果显示不论烧结参数如何变化,合金均由原始合金元素组成。XRD、EDS和扫描电子显微镜的结果说明所制备的合金具有球形微观结构,呈现出面心立方结构相,这是基于固溶机制形成的。这表明SPS合金具有HEAs的特征。在1000°C保温 12 min生产的合金显微硬度最高,为HV 447.97,热处理后其硬度降至HV 329.47。同一合金表现出优异的耐腐蚀性能。烧结温度升高,Al₂₀Cr₂₀Fe₂₅Ni₂₅Mn₁₀合金可具有更高的密度、显微硬度和耐腐蚀性。     

La0.7Mg0.3Ni3.4-x(Al0.3Co0.4)0.2+x(x=0~0.3)合金电极电化学性能研究

在氩气保护下,采用悬浮熔炼法制备La0.7Mg0.3Ni3.4（Al0.3Co0.7）x（x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6）储氢合金,用X射线衍射仪测试相组成,并用MDI Jade 5.0软件分析相组成和晶胞参数,用开口三电极法测试电极电化学性能。结果表明,合金相主要由LaNi5、LaMg2Ni9、La2Ni7和LaNi2.28相组成,随着合金中Al和Co含量的增加,合金放氢平台压下降,最大吸氢量为1.43%（x=0）,合金电极最大放电容量Cmax为381mA.h.g-1（x=0）,合金电极100个充放循环后的容量保持率S100从53.0%（x=0）增加到57.1%（x=0.3）,循环稳定性增强。当x=0.1时,合金电极的电化学动力学性能较好。     

Cyclic oxidation behavior of b-NiAlDy alloys containing varying aluminum content at 1200 1C

b-NiAlDy cast alloys containing varying aluminum content were prepared by arcmelting. The microstructures and cyclic oxidation behavior of the alloys at 1200 1C were investigated. Grain refinement was achieved by increasing aluminum content in the alloy, which is beneficial to selective oxidation. The Ni–55Al–0.1Dy alloy showed excellent cyclic oxidation resistance due to the formation of a continuous, dense and slow-growing oxide scale. In contrast to this, severe internal oxidation as well as large void formation at the scale/alloy interface occurred in the Ni–45Al–0.1Dy alloy. The aluminum content dependence of the reactive element effects in b- NiAlDy was established that Dy doping strengthened the scale/alloy interface by pegging mechanism in high-aluminum alloys but accelerated internal oxidation in low-aluminum alloys during high-temperature exposure.     

快淬AB5型稀土储氢合金的微结构与电化学性能

采用磁悬浮感应熔炼法和快淬法制备了Mm0.3Ml0.7Ni3.55Co0.75Mn0.4Al0.3稀土储氢合金,系统研究了快淬速度对合金微结构和电化学性能的影响.X射线衍射(XRD)及扫描电镜(SEM)分析表明,快淬态合金中出现了新相LaNi3和La2Ni3,且LaNi3和La2Ni3相含量随快淬速度的增大而增大.电化学性能测试表明,合金的放电特性和最大放电容量随快淬速度的增大呈现出先变好后变坏的变化规律,15m/s快淬态合金的放电特性和最大放电容量达到最佳.此外,恰当的快淬速度能明显改善合金的循环稳定性.     

Microstructure evolution of laser rapidly solidified Al-Mn alloys

A series of laser surface remelting experiments of Al-1.1, 3.2 and 5.6 wt% Mn alloys has been conducted using a 5 kW CW CO2 laser, and the microstructures of samples have also been investigated. The experimental results show that no apparent eutectic growth appears in the whole growth rate range for Al-3.2 wt% Mn alloy under laser rapid solidification condition, and the microstructure grows in the form of α(Al) cell/dendrite. With the increase of growth rate, the microstructures of Al-5.6wt%Mn alloy change from Al6Mn dendrite to α(Al) +Al6Mn eutectic, α(Al) cellular/dendrite and segregation-free solid solution. The critical rates of Al-1.1, 3.2 and 5.6 wt% Mn alloys to attain absolute stability are 44.1, 134.6 and 230.1 mm/s respectively, and a reasonable agreement has been found between the experimental results and those calculated according to Mullins-Sekerka's theory.     

Tuning microstructure,transformation behavior,mechanical/functional properties of Ti-V-Al shape memory alloy by doping quaternary rare earth Y

The microstructure features, martensitic transformation behavior and mechanical/functional properties of Ti–V–Al alloy were tailored by changing rare element Y content in the present investigation. The results showed that Y doping resulted in the grain refinement and formation of Y-rich phase mainly distributing along grain boundary in Ti–V–Al alloys. The martensitic transformation temperatures of Ti–V–Al alloys slightly increased due to the variation of matrix composition induced by the presence of Y-rich phase. The mechanical and functional properties of Ti–V–Al alloys doped moderate Y addition were significantly improved, which can be ascribed to grain refinement, solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening. The 1.0 at.%Y-doped Ti–V–Al alloy exhibited the highest ultimate tensile stress of 912 MPa and largest elongation of 17.68%. In addition, it was found that the maximum recoverable strain of 5.42% can be obtained in Ti–V–Al alloy with adding 1.0 at.%Y,under the pre-strain of 6% condition, which is enhanced by approximate 0.6% than that of Ti–V–Al alloy without Y addition.     

Si及Sb对铸态Mg-Al-Si合金组织和力学性能的影响

用普通铸造法制备不同Al、Si含量的Mg-Al-Si三种合金,研究了Si含量和微量Sb对合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着Si含量增加,合金中的Mg2Si逐渐变粗大,合金力学性能逐渐提高。添加0.75%Sb后,三种合金均产生Mg3Sb2相,粗大的Mg2Si得到细化,呈相对弥散分布,合金的屈服强度和抗拉强度进一步提高。拉伸断裂形式为准解理脆性断裂。     

稀土钇对含Zn和Mg铸态铝合金相组成物的影响

研究了Ｙ在Ａｌ－（１－５）％Ｙ,Ａｌ－８％Ｚｎ－（１－５）％Ｙ,Ａｌ－２％Ｍｇ＿１－３）％Ｙ及Ａｌ－８％Ｚｎ－２％Ｍｇ－（０－５）％Ｙ合金中的存在形态及对该合金铸态组织的影响。结果表明,在Ａｌ－Ｙ及Ａｌ－２％Ｍｇ－Ｙ合金中,Ｙ以Ａｌ３Ｙ形态存在;在Ａｌ－８％Ｚｎ－２％Ｍｇ和Ａｌ－８％Ｚｎ合金中以Ｙ１２Ａｌ３Ｚｎ金属间化合物的形态存在下晶界,在Ａｌ－８％Ｚｎ－２％Ｍｇ中,Ｙ的存在还能改变Ｚｎ和Ｍｇ在     

Hydrogen storage performance of LaNi3.95Al0.75Co0.3 alloy with different preparation methods

Rare-earth AB₅-type La–Ni–Al hydrogen storage alloys are widely studied due to their extensive application potentials in hydrogen isotope storage, hydrogen isotope isolation and hydrogen compressors, etc. Good hydriding/dehydriding kinetics, easily activation, high reversibility are important factors for their practical application. However, their overall hydrogen storage performance, especially plateau pressure and hydrogen absorption/desorption durability need to be further optimized. In this study, the microstructures and the hydrogen storage properties of as-cast, annealed, and melt-spun LaNi_3.95Al_0.75Co_0.3 alloys were investigated. The experimental results of XRD and SEM showed that all alloys contained a pure CaCu₅ type hexagonal structure LaNi₄Al phase. The cell volume increased in an order of annealed ?> ?melt-spun ?> ?as-cast, resulting in a lower hydrogen absorption/desorption plateau pressure and a more stable hydride phase. The hydrogen storage capacity of three alloys was almost the same. The slope factor of the annealed and melt-spun alloys is smaller than the as-cast alloy, indicating that heat-treatment process can make the alloys more uniform. For the cycle stability of the alloys, the hydrogen absorption rate of the annealed alloy and melt-spun alloy was much faster than that of the as-cast alloy after 500 cycles. The melt-spun alloy showed high pulverization resistance during hydrogen absorption/desorption, and exhibited an excellent cycling retention of 99% after 500 cycles, suggesting that melt-spinning process can enhance the cycle stability and improve the cycle life of the alloy.     

高强压铸铝合金抗腐蚀性能的研究

在相同试验条件下,在腐蚀液酸、碱、盐等介质中,做了浸渍腐蚀、晶间腐蚀等对比试验,并测定了恒电位极化曲线。结果表明,高强压铸铝合金比一般铝硅合金具有较好的抗腐蚀性能,从试验和理论上验证了铝硅合金在高速冷却下凝固时,提高含铜量并不降低其抗腐蚀性能。