基于最佳距离度量的两层最近邻分类算法

两层最近邻(TLNN)分类算法通过在有限训练样本条件下最小化错误率的平均绝对误差,能够产生比k-最近邻(kNN)算法更好的分类结果,但其精度易受噪声影响。针对这个问题,提出一种基于最佳距离度量的两层最近邻分类算法(ODM-TLNN),提高对噪声数据的鲁棒性。算法分为两层,下层使用最佳距离度量来确定一个未标记样本的局部子空间,上层采用AdaBoost在子空间进行信息提取。基于UCI数据集的实验结果表明,该算法能充分降低分类错误率,并且在噪声数据下具有较好的稳定性。     

基于稀疏学习的kNN分类

在kNN算法分类问题中,k的取值一般是固定的,另外,训练样本中可能存在的噪声能影响分类结果。针对以上存在的两个问题,本文提出一种新的基于稀疏学习的kNN分类方法。本文用训练样本重构测试样本,其中,l_1-范数导致的稀疏性用来对每个测试样本用不同数目的训练样本进行分类,这解决了kNN算法固定k值问题;l_(21)-范数产生的整行稀疏用来去除噪声样本。在UCI数据集上进行实验,本文使用的新算法比原来的kNN分类算法能取得更好的分类效果。     

面向不平衡分类的固定半径最近邻逐步竞争算法(FRNNPC)

许多真实世界的数据集都存在一个称为类不平衡问题的问题。传统的分类算法在对不平衡数据进行分类时,容易导致少数类被错分。为了提高少数类样本的分类准确度,提出了一种基于固定半径最近邻的逐步竞争算法(FRNNPC),通过固定半径邻(FRNN)对数据集进行预处理,在全局范围内消除不必要的数据,在得到的候选数据中使用逐步竞争算法(NPC),即逐渐计算查询样本邻近样本的分值,直到一个类的分值总和高于另一个类。简而言之,该方法能够有效地处理不平衡问题,而且不需要任何手动设置的参数。实验结果将所提出的方法与4种代表性算法在10个不平衡数据集上进行了比较,并验证了该算法的有效性。     

QENNI:一种缺失值填充的新方法

针对k最近邻填充算法(kNNI)在缺失数据的k个最近邻的选择上可能存在偏好,提出一种新的缺失填充算法:象限近邻填充算法QENNI(quadrant-encapsidated-nearest-neighbor-based imputation),它仅仅使用缺失数据象限方向的最近邻数据填充该缺失值,避免了kNNI中选取的k个最近邻点有偏好这一情况。另外,此算法对于低维数据集可以是无参的,即消除了对参数的依赖。实验结果表明,QENNI算法的填充准确性要优于kNNI算法。     

云计算隐私保护的Yao式乱码电路kNN分类算法

针对现有云计算加密数据库分类算法的高时间开销问题,提出一种安全有效的基于Yao式乱码电路云计算隐私保护的kNN分类算法,该方法既能保护数据隐私和查询隐私,又能隐藏数据访问模式,同时又能保证高效查询处理的工作。该算法由4部分组成：加密kd树搜索阶段、kNN检索阶段、结果验证阶段和多数类选择阶段。通过加密索引搜索方案来过滤与查询无关的数据,隐藏了最终的类标签和数据访问模式,提高云计算中数据查询处理的效率。通过Yao式乱码电路来支持有效的kNN分类,保护云计算中数据隐私和查询隐私,同时减少了kNN分类的时间开销。对Yao式乱码电路kNN分类方法的安全性进行了分析。实验结果表明,在分类时间方面,所提算法的性能优于现有PPkNN方法和SkNNCI方法。     

中医睡眠情绪类疾病不均衡数据的分类研究

针对中医临床在对有病个体分类时获得的数据很可能是不均衡的、缺失的,而且这种数据往往偏向于无病的个体这一问题,采用病例匹配最近邻填充算法(P-KNN算法)填充缺失值,同时使用基于风险预报准则特征选择的非对称Bagging(PRIFEAB)算法处理睡眠情绪类疾病的不均衡数据和特征选择问题。在中医临床采集的经络电阻数据上的实验结果显示,PRIFEAB算法改善了曲线下面积,并且选择的特征也符合中医学相关理论,同时P-KNN算法比平均值填充算法具有更好的性能。     

最近邻分类的改良模型

提出一种最近邻分类的改良模型,综合考虑待分类数据的k近邻、所属的簇和整个训练数据集的类分布,充分利用局部、部分和全局三种类分布信息,从而具有抗噪声的性能.实验表明,提出的最近邻分类改良模型具有较好的抗噪声鲁棒性,而且分类的准确率明显高于传统的kNN分类算法.     

AUCBoost算法处理不平衡分类问题

在现实生活中很多应用都包含了对不平衡数据集的分类.由于不平衡数据集中多数类与稀有类的数量相差较大,所以大多数分类算法都不能够很好地对稀有类样本进行分类,而通常稀有类才是我们首要关心的,这就给不平衡数据的分类提出了挑战,为了更好地处理不平衡数据集的分类问题,本文提出了一种以基分类器的ROC曲线下面积(AUC面积)为分类权重的AUCBoost分类算法.     

基于DBSCAN聚类的改进KNN文本分类算法

K最近邻算法(KNN)在分类时,需要计算待分类样本与训练样本集中每个样本之间的相似度.当训练样本过多时,计算代价大,分类效率降低.因此,提出一种基于DBSCAN聚类的改进算法.利用DBSCAN聚类消除训练样本的噪声数据.同时,对于核心样本集中的样本,根据其样本相似度阈值和密度进行样本裁剪,以缩减与待分类样本计算相似度的训练样本个数.实验表明此算法能够在保持基本分类能力不变的情况下,有效地降低分类计算量.     

基于局部相关性的kNN分类算法

kNN算法作为一种简单、有效的分类算法,在文本分类中得到广泛的应用。但是在k值(通常是固定的)的选取问题上通常是人为设定。为此,本文引入了重构和局部保持投影(locality preserving projections,LPP)技术用于最近邻分类,使得k值的选取是由样本间的相关性和拓扑结构决定。该算法利用l1-范数稀疏编码方法使每个测试样本都由它的k(不固定)个最近邻样本来重构,同时通过LPP保持重构前后样本间的局部结构不变,不仅解决了k值的选取问题,并且避免了固定k值对分类的影响。实验结果表明,该方法的分类性能优于经典kNN算法。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.