超高石灰铝法去除水中氯离子的实验研究

采用超高石灰铝法去除废水中的氯离子,考察了n(Ca)/n (Al)比、n(Al)/n (Cl)比、反应时间和Cl~-初始浓度对Cl~-去除率的影响,结果显示:当n(Ca)∶n(Al)∶n(Cl)为6. 0∶3. 5∶1. 0,温度为35℃,转速为250 r/min,反应4 h时,废水中的Cl~-浓度可从1 000 mg/L降低到209. 8 mg/L,去除率高达79%,且绝大部分反应发生0 0. 5 h,Cl~-的单位去除速率高达1 375 mg/(L·h),极大地提高了其工程应用价值.     

即时合成Mg/Al-LDH处理胭脂红模拟废水

利用层状双氢氧化物(LDH)合成原理,提出了即时合成LDH处理色素废水的新方法,并对其可行性进行了实验研究。文章探讨了初始质量浓度、pH值、Mg与Al摩尔比及温度对色素去除率的影响。结果表明,在常温下,最佳pH值为9.0,反应时间为2 h,Mg与Al摩尔比为3∶1,初始质量浓度在600 mg/L以下时,胭脂红的去除率可达到99%,效果显著。XRD、FT-IR、SEM对共沉淀产物的结构分析证实,即时合成的产物为LDH,Ponceau-4R插入LDH层间。     

Au-Fe/NaY催化膜的制备及其在CO选择性氧化中的应用

以NaY分子筛膜为基体,采用离子交换法制备Au-Fe/NaY催化膜,研究Fe3+前驱体浓度对催化膜上Au负载量及其对CO选择性氧化催化性能的影响,同时考察反应温度、进料O2浓度对催化膜CO选择性氧化反应的影响。结果表明:随着Fe3+前驱体浓度的增加,Au的负载量增加,当Fe3+前驱体溶液浓度为5.0 mmol/L时,所制备的催化膜催化性能最好;催化膜在12 h的反应时间内具有稳定的催化活性;产物中n(CO)/n(H2)随反应温度的升高先降低后升高,在80℃达到最小,且随进料O2浓度的增加而降低。     

含钛电炉熔分渣制备4A分子筛及其吸附性能

以含钛电炉熔分渣提钛后的水浸液为原料,采用常压回流法和水热法分别合成了4A分子筛.在控制硅铝比(n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)摩尔比)为2的条件下,系统探讨了水钠比(n(H2O)/n(Na2O)摩尔比)、反应时间和温度对合成4A分子筛物相和微观形貌的影响.当控制水钠比为80且反应时间为8 h时,采用常压回流法可以制备出尺寸均一且结晶完全的4A分子筛;而采用水热法在120℃条件下,3 h即可制备得到形状规则的4A分子筛.另外,探讨了水热法不同反应温度条件下制备的分子筛对硫酸铜溶液吸附性能的影响.结果表明:反应温度为120℃条件下合成的4A分子筛对铜离子的吸附效率最高,在150 min时其吸附率可达70%.     

H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2催化合成4-苯基-6-甲基-5-乙氧羰基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2（H）-酮

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2催化剂,以苯甲醛,乙酰乙酸乙酯和尿素为原料,无水乙醇为溶剂催化合成4-苯基-6-甲基-5-乙氧羰基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(H)-酮,研究结果表明:反应物的摩尔比、反应温度、催化剂用量和反应时间是影响4-苯基-6-甲基-5-乙氧羰基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(H)-酮合成收率的重要因素.当n(苯甲醛)∶n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)∶n(尿素)=1.0∶1.2∶1.5,反应温度为90℃,催化剂的用量占反应物料总质量的1.5%,反应时间为75min时,产品收率可达70.3%.通过熔点、IR、1 H NMR和MS对合成目标化合物进行了表征确认.     

MgCoAl类水滑石的合成、表征及催化性能研究

采用共沉淀法合成了不同摩尔比的MgCoAl类水滑石,应用XRD、IR 手段进行表征,考察了它们在苯甲醛氧化成苯甲酸反应中的催化活性.研究表明,MgCoAl类水滑石具有很高的催化活性,在温度60℃时,当V(苯甲醛)∶V(乙酸)＝3∶9,催化剂n(Mg2+)∶n(Co2+)∶n(Al3+)=0.4∶1.6∶1.0的用量为0.1 g时,反应60 min,苯甲醛的转化率近100%,苯甲酸的选择性为100%.     

H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)/SiO_2催化合成5-乙氧羰基-4-(4-羟基苯基)-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮

采用H6P2W18O62/SiO2为催化剂,以对羟基苯甲醛、乙酰乙酸乙酯、尿素为原料合成5-乙氧羰基-4-(4-羟基苯基)-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮.探讨H6P2W18O62/SiO2对本反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了反应物物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度四因素对产物收率的影响.实验表明:H6P2W18O62/SiO2是合成5-乙氧羰基-4-(4-羟基苯基)-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮的良好催化剂;在n(对羟基苯甲醛)∶n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)∶n(尿素)=1∶1.5∶1.5,催化剂的用量占反应物料总质量的1.5%,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为60 min的最佳条件下,其收率可达94.4%.     

α-氯代甲苯/四水合氯化亚铁/三苯基膦引发苯乙烯“活性”/可控自由基聚合

以α-氯代甲苯(C6H5CH2Cl)/四水合氯化亚铁(FeCl2*4H2O)/三苯基膦(PPh3)为引发体系,在120 ℃下引发苯乙烯进行原子转移自由基"活性"/可控聚合反应(ATRP).结果表明:只有当n(Fe)/n(P)=1∶3时,聚合产物数均分子质量(n)与转化率才呈现一定的线性关系,聚合反应机理表现为ATRP.对于其它n(Fe)/n(P)(如1∶2和1∶4),产物的n与转化率不呈线性关系,表明在聚合反应过程中存在多种活性中心.     

Ai(i-Bu)3-La(AA)3-H2O催化的环氧乙烷聚合作用

详细研究了在Al(i-Bu)3-La(AA)3-H2O的催化下环氧乙烷的均聚反应和与环氧丙烷的共聚反应情况.实验发现在该催化剂的作用下,以甲苯为反应介质,在n[Al(i-Bu)3]∶n[La(AA)3]为16～10,n[Al(i-Bu)3]∶n[H2O]为1∶(1～3),n(单体)∶n[La(AA)3]为1000∶(1～3),n(单体)∶n[Al(i-Bu)3]为100∶(1～3),45℃预聚2h,85～90℃聚合10h的条件下,催化剂的活性高,聚合速率大,所得产物的平均相对分子质量高.以水为溶剂,在30℃测得环氧乙烷均聚物的v=310×104;在m(环氧乙烷)∶m(环氧丙烷)为195∶15时,其共聚物的v=380×104,且产物有较好的水溶性.     

低放热体系Al/Mg_2Si复合材料的活化燃烧合成

通过添加韧性相Al来改善金属间化合物Mg2Si的脆性,采用机械活化与热学活化相结合,制备低放热反应体系的Al/Mg2Si复合材料.通过SEM、XRD观察分析产物的物相组成与形貌特征.结果表明,产物主要物相为Mg2Si及部分Al、Si和MgO2等.随着球磨时间延长、预热温度升高,燃烧合成反应易于进行;随着Al质量分数的增加,燃烧合成反应的预热温度下降.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.