Fenton试剂pH值对碳纳米管及其增强酚醛树脂/石墨复合材料性能的影响

以经过Fenton/UV处理的碳纳米管作为增强体,酚醛树脂/石墨作为基体,通过热模压成型得到一种质子交换膜燃料电池双极板材料.研究了Fenton试剂预处理前pH值对碳纳米管及其增强的复合材料性能的影响.用红外光谱分析碳纳米管表面官能团的变化,用X射线衍射(XRD)对碳纳米管进行物相分析.结果表明,pH值为3时,碳纳米管...     

一种新型三氯化铝固载型烷基化反应催化剂

烷基化反应为Friedel-Crafts反应的一种，多数是在具有路易斯酸性的AlCl3催化作用下完成的．但由于AlCl3具有腐蚀性，在空气中难以保存等缺点，使其应用受到了限制．为解决上述问题，人们对其固载化进行了长达50多年的研究．研究的重点是将AlCl3固载到，γ-Al2O3和SiO2等载体上或研制代替AlCl3的烷基化反应催化剂，如以HCl，HgCl2活化金属铝作催化剂，或在微量AlCl3存在下，铝作为烷基化反应催化剂.     

固载化AlCl 3催化合成二苯基甲烷反应动力学研究

以3种不同孔径γ-Al2O3为载体制备固载化AlCl3/γ-Al2O3催化剂,考察了各催化剂在苯与苄基氯烷基化合成二苯基甲烷反应中的催化活性及产物选择性,并同纯AlCl3催化剂进行了比较.采用气相色谱法分析反应产物组成,获得了不同催化剂在不同反应温度下的烷基化反应试验数据,在确定反应动力学方程及消除外扩散影响前提下,计算了反应速率常数、反应表观活化能和扩散系数.结果表明,同均相纯AlCl3催化剂相比,在固载化AlCl3催化剂上反应速率较低而且存在诱导期,且载体孔径越小,该现象越明显.动力学分析认为产生这一现象的主要原因是载体对反应内扩散的影响.     

路易斯酸离子液体催化三异丙苯/苯的烷基转移反应

合成了一系列具有不同结构的路易斯酸离子液体,评价了其催化苯与三异丙苯烷基转移反应的性能.发现由无水AlCl3分别与盐酸三乙胺(Et3NHCl)、氯代1-丁基-4-甲基咪唑(BmimC1)按照物质的量比为2:1参与合成的离子液体(2AlCl3/Et3NHCl、2AlCl3/BmimCl)具有较好的催化性能.以AlCl3/Et3NHCl离子液体为催化剂,在反应温度60 ℃,剂油体积比1:10,苯基与异丙基的物质的量比为5:1的条件下,反应60 min后,三异丙苯的转化率达99%.     

熔融法制备环氧功能化的碳纳米管

以三苯基膦(TPP)为催化剂,通过环氧基团和酸化碳纳米管上羧酸的酯化反应,将环氧树脂接枝到碳纳米管壁上,成功制备了环氧功能化碳纳米管.分别运用红外光谱(FTIR)、热失重(TGA)、扫描电镜(SEM)对环氧功能化的碳纳米管进行了表征.用滴定的方法研究了反应温度和不同的环氧树脂对碳纳米管的环氧功能化程度的影响.研究表明:环氧基团已经成功地接到碳纳米管上;与酸化的碳纳米管相比,环氧功能化碳纳米管表面已经被环氧树脂包覆,从而使得碳纳米管直径增加;温度升高有利于提高碳纳米管的环氧功能化程度,相对分子质量较小的环氧树脂的转化效率比相对分子质量大的要高.     

碳纳米管的提纯及表征

为了获得高纯碳纳米管,对用电弧催化法合成的碳纳米管粗产物进行了纯化处理.根据阳极电弧催化法制备碳纳米管的3种产物(网状物、膜状物和棒状物)的杂质性质和特点,用微孔膜、甲苯萃取,浓盐酸酸洗、混酸氧化和空气氧化法分别对3种产物采用选择性清除法去除杂质,得到了质量分数在90%以上的单壁碳纳米管.并利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、热重分析(TGA)和拉曼(Raman)光谱等手段对提纯的碳纳米管进行观察、分析和表征.结果显示,该提纯方法比其它方法回收率高,纯度高,氧化条件柔和,实验过程易于控制.     

新型Al-Ti／C催化剂制备及催化EA合成研究

制备了新型AlCl3·6H2O-TiCl3/C（Al-Ti/C）复合催化剂,分别以AlCl3·6H2O/C、TiCl3/C、AlCl·6H2O-TiCl3/C为催化剂,乙酸和乙醇为原料,一步酯化法合成乙酸乙酯（EA）。讨论了醇酸物质的量比、反应温度、回流时间以及催化剂用量、种类与配比等因素对酯化反应的影响,并得出最佳反应条件。结果表明,AlCl3·6H2O-TiCl3/C复合型催化剂的催化活性优于AlCl3·6H2O／C和TiCl3/C,进一步提高了反应产率。     

Al-β沸石催化合成乙酸辛酯

用不同浓度的AlCl3溶液将Si/Al比为50的β沸石进行离子交换得4种改性Al-β沸石,并对β-沸石及改质沸石的表面酸量和酸强度进行了表征.用0.2mol.l AlCl3进行离子交换的Al-β沸石的表面酸量和酸强度最大,催化活性最高.利用Al-β沸石分子筛作催化剂.对乙酸和辛醇的酯化反应进行了研究,考查了催化剂用量、醇酸摩尔比、反应时间等对乙酸辛酯的酯化产率的影响;适宜的反应条件为:n(醇)/n(酸)为1.0:1.4,催化剂用量6g/mol辛醇,反应时间1.5h.酯化率达92%以上.     

[Emim]Cl-AlCl3离子液体催化1，2-蒽乙二酮的合成

采用选择性好、催化效率高的氯代1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑-三氯化铝([Emim]Cl-AlCl3)离子液体催化蒽与草酰氯的 Friedel-Craft 酰基化反应,合成了重要的精细化工产品及功能高分子中间体1,2-蒽乙二酮.用GC法考察了不同反应条件对1,2-蒽乙二酮产率和选择性的影响,结果表明当AlCl3在[Emim]Cl-AlCl3离子液体中的摩尔分数为0.67, 离子液体与蒽的摩尔比为2,草酰氯与蒽摩尔比为2, 反应温度为40 ℃,反应时间6 h 时,1,2-蒽乙二酮产率可达91.6%,选择性达98.5%.且[Emim]Cl/AlCl3离子液体对环境污染小,并可循环使用.采用萃取、重结晶等方法得到了1,2-蒽乙二酮纯品,通过熔点测定,GC,GC /MS,FTIR和1H NMR对该产物进行了定性和定量分析.     

催化裂解法制备螺旋状碳纳米管的实验研究

在硅片上用直流溅射镀铁的方法制备催化剂 ,通过乙炔在 70 0°C下催化裂解制备碳纳米管 .对热解产物进行了扫描电镜观察和 X射线衍射测试 .本文通过对有氢气预处理和没有氢气预处理两种情况下催化裂解法制备的碳纳米管的形貌、管径大小等性质的研究 ,来初步揭示螺旋状碳纳米管的生长机理 .     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to