夫妻应当互相忠实原则及相关法律问题

2001年婚姻法修订的时候,将"夫妻互负忠诚义务"写进了条文,作为婚姻法的基本原则之一.本文针对该原则的含义、写进婚姻法的原因及违背夫妻互相忠实原则的表现形式等问题进行了初步探讨.     

夫妻身份权利体系的立法构想

夫妻身份权利体系的立法包括原权体系和请求权体系这两个层面。为构建完整的夫妻身份权原权体系,立法应当增补夫妻同居义务及婚姻住所决定权,同时应当明确规定违反夫妻忠实义务的具体行为、夫妻相互扶助义务的内涵、日常家事代理权的行使、限制与效力等内容。夫妻身份权原权功能的发挥离不开夫妻身份权请求权这种民法保护方法的辅助,而现行婚姻法对此却没有规定,因此立法应当创设完善的夫妻身份权请求权体系,具体包括夫妻身份权之原权请求权和次生请求权,并对两者作出界分,且明确不同的诉讼时效。     

财产即人格:论夫妻别居期间的财产关系

别居是夫妻相互免除同居义务从而使正常夫妻关系发生变化的一种婚姻法制度.它作为婚姻关系存续的一个特殊阶段,在现实生活中客观存在.但我国婚姻法对夫妻别居期间的财产关系并未作明确规定,与之相关联的规定也缺乏合理性.相比之下,大陆法系各国的规定较为完备.无论是基于理论基础还是现实需要,我国应吸收他国之长,就夫妻别居期间的财产分割、继承、扶养等方面作出合理规定.     

浅析配偶权

对于配偶权,肯定者认为规定夫妻相互之间特有的身份权利和义务在法律理论上可称为配偶权或配偶权制度,我国婚姻法长期以来存在配偶权规范,只是规定过于简略,许多婚姻家庭法学者主张增设配偶权制度。另有学者则坚决反对配偶权之说,提出夫妻内部关系主要依靠道德和习惯调整。作者认为应当为配偶权正名,我国婚姻法中应明确采用配偶权并规定其具体内容。     

评述我国婚姻法司法解释（三）（征求意见稿）在夫妻财产制度上的立法不足与补救措施

在实施了新《婚姻法》后,最高人民法院曾经出台两次司法解释,使其有了更大的可操作性。2010年11月16日最高人民法院关于适用《中华人民共和国婚姻法》若干问题的解释（三）（征求意见稿）的出台,对人民群众关心的问题进行了最新解释,本文拟在最新司法解释的基础上对婚后所获赠与的房产归属、财产的预期收益、夫妻对其财产约定是否负有告知第三人的义务以及夫妻共同财产和个人特有财产的相互转化等问题进行尝试性的探讨,希望能对司法实践有参考价值。     

对我国夫妻共同债务相关制度的思考

我国现行《婚姻法》及相关的司法解释对夫妻共同债务的规定和解释，只是做了一些原则方面的规定，而对夫妻共同债务的范围区分，家事代理权等制度并未有明确的定义。本文通过探讨夫妻共同债务的一些问题，希望能提供一些可借鉴的意见。     

论夫妻间的忠实义务

本文首先从夫妻间忠实义务的法理基础入手,从法律权利与法律义务关系及法律与道德的关系这两个方面论述,其次论述了违反该忠实义务的法律后果,最后提出了配偶权的概念,对配偶权的概念和性质及违背夫妻忠实义务是否可以作为法定离婚事由以及违背此义务的过错方应否承担损害赔偿责任等问题作了详细的论述。     

监事的义务责任比较研究

许多国家和地区法律规定 ,监事有忠实义务和注意义务 ,监事对公司、第三人和社会都有责任 ,监事的责任包括民事责任、行政责任和刑事责任。我国《公司法》仅仅规定了监事的忠实义务 ,没有规定监事的注意义务 ,规定了监事对公司的责任 ,没有规定监事对第三人的责任 ,缺少监事责任追究制度。我国公司法应丰富监事忠实义务和监事对公司的责任 ,增加监事的注意义务、监事对第三人的责任及监事责任追究制度     

我国夫妻财产制度浅析

我国现行《婚姻法》第17条规定了我国法定夫妻财产制度既婚后所得共同制度,第18条规定了个人特有财产制度,第19条规定了夫妻约定财产制度,它们共同构成了我国夫妻财产制度的内容:夫妻法定财产、夫妻特有财产、夫妻约定财产。本文从我国夫妻财产制度的内容着手,分析现行法律的特征和缺陷,提出亟持解决的几个问题,并谈谈自己的见解。     

基于我国《婚姻法》与《继承法》之婚内继承分析

夫妻之间,若一方面临遗产继承问题时,在被继承人未明确遗产如何分配的情况下,在继承生效之后、遗产处置之前,夫妻双方是否都对遗产具有处置权?经认真分析和解读《婚姻法》和《继承法》各自有关财产继承部分的法律条款,本文发现两部法律对该问题的回答具有相异的答案,因此需针对该方面的法律规定加以修改,使之趋于公平合理。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with