壳聚糖富集火焰原子吸收法测定天然水中痕量铜、锌和镍

本文自虾壳中提取了甲壳质，经脱乙酰基后转变为壳聚糖。详细研究了壳聚糖吸附Ｃｕ~（２＋）、Ｚｎ~（２＋）、Ｎｉ~（２＋）的最佳条件，洗脱及再生方法。利用其富集天然水中痕量Ｃｕ~（２＋）、Ｚｎ~（２＋）、Ｎｉ~（２＋）后，火焰原子吸收法测定，回收率为９５．０％～１０３．０％，检出限分别为Ｃｕ０．０７７μｇ／Ｌ，Ｚｎ０．０２４μｇ／Ｌ，Ｎｉ０．１４μｇ／Ｌ。     

浙江治岭头金矿床成矿地球化学特征

治岭头金矿矿体主要赋存在中元古界陈蔡群变质岩系和上侏罗统磨石山组火山岩中。成矿元素组合为Ａｕ，Ａｇ，Ｓｒ，Ｔｉ，Ｃｏ，Ｓｎ，Ｍｎ，Ｌｉ，Ｖ，Ｃｒ，Ｗ，Ｇａ，Ｍｎ，Ｎｉ，Ｃｕ，Ｐｂ，Ｚｎ，Ｂａ，Ｎｂ，Ｆｅ，Ｓ，Ｓｉ，Ｏ等。蚀变带元素地球化学异常显示Ａｕ与Ａｇ，Ｃｕ，Ｐｂ，Ｚｎ，Ｓｎ，Ｍｎ异常有较好的相关性。矿床成矿元素侧向综合分带系列为：Ａｕ，Ａｇ，Ｚｎ，Ｃｕ，Ｐｂ，Ｍｏ，Ｓｎ，Ｃｒ，Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ，Ｍｎ；成矿元素的地球化学演化为Ｓｉ，Ｆｅ￣（２＋）→Ｆｅ￣（２＋），Ｐｂ，Ｚｎ，Ｃｕ，Ａｕ，Ａｇ，Ｍｎ，Ｓｎ→Ｃａ，Ｓｉ，Ｃｒ，Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ，Ｍｎ，Ａｕ是在约２００～３００℃时，由大量的黄铁矿和金属硫化物沉淀后络合物解离而停积成矿的。     

钢铁表面常温黑化剂的研究

通过对钢铁表面的三种常温黑化剂配方的试验，研究了这三种黑化剂的工艺条件和膜层性能．结果表明：ＣｕＳＯ４·５Ｈ２Ｏ，ＮｉＣｌ２·６Ｈ２Ｏ均为２ｇ·Ｌ－１；Ｈ２ＳｅＯ３，Ｚｎ（Ｈ２ＰＯ４）２均为４ｇ·Ｌ－１；络合剂Ａ，Ｂ和Ｃ均为２ｇ·Ｌ－１；促进剂为５ｇ·Ｌ－１；ＰＨ为２．３～２．５的配方较佳．另外，发黑前工件表面必须彻底除油除锈，提高膜层与基体的结合力；发黑后的工件必须清洗干净后油封，增强膜层的耐蚀性     

绞股蓝中痕量铅和铜的测定──黄原酯棉分离富集火焰原子吸收光谱法

研究了自制黄原酯棉对ＣＵ（Ⅱ）和Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）的动态吸附条件及模拟量共存元素对吸附的干扰程度，拟定了用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定绞股蓝及其浸泡液中Ｃｕ和Ｐｂ的分析方法，并对方法进行了检验。结果表明：在ｐＨ＝３、黄原酯棉用量为０．２ｇ、流速为３ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ时，浓度不低于０．０２μｇ／ｍＬ的Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）和Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）能被定量吸附；用ＨＮＯ３或１∶１ＨＮＯ３（２ｍＬ）可完全解吸；当有Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋、Ｋ”、Ｆｅ３＋（４０ｍｇ）、Ａｌ３＋、Ｃｍ４（１０ｍｇ），Ｍｎ２＋、Ｃｒ－（５ｍｇ）和Ｎａ＋（５００ｍｇ）之一共存时未出现干扰；模拟消化液中共存离子对校正曲线影响很少；校正曲线的相关系数为０．９９７（Ｃｕ）和０．９９６（Ｐｂ）；消化法标准回收率为９６％～１０４％（Ｐｂ）和９７％～１０３％（Ｃｕ），浸出液法标准回收率为９５％～１０２％（Ｐｂ）和９７％～１０１％（Ｃｕ）。     

云南17种菊科植物微量元素含量特征研究

本文论述了云南１７种菊科植物９个元素含量的特征．元素含量顺序有１０种植物遵守Ｆｅ，Ａｌ＞Ｚｎ＞Ｍｎ＞Ｃｕ＞Ｐｂ＞Ｃｒ＞Ｎｉ＞Ｍｏ的规律，有５种植物遵守Ｆｅ，Ａｌ＞Ｍｎ＞Ｚｎ＞Ｃｒ＞Ｎｉ＞Ｍｏ的规律．元素含量的相对离散度为：Ａｌ＞Ｆｅ＞Ｍｏ＞Ｎｉ＞Ｍｎ＞Ｐｂ＞Ｃｕ＞Ｚｎ＞Ｃｒ．反映元素含量顺序与相对离散度顺序不完全匹配．元素Ｃｕ，Ｍｎ，Ｐｂ，Ｃｒ，Ｍｏ，Ｚｎ含量的频数分布总体为正态．Ｆｅ，Ｎｉ，Ａｌ含量的频数分布为正偏态型，并呈现高狭峰．元素Ａｌ，Ｆｅ，Ｍｎ，Ｎｉ含量间呈明显正相关；Ｆｅ与Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ，Ｍｏ，Ｃｒ间呈负相关．根据统计分级聚类分析，１７种植物分５组，１，２组共１１种植物，显示了植物对Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ，Ｐｂ，Ｎｉ，Ｃｒ吸收积累的聚类特征．第５组的小一支箭和臭灵丹，显示出对Ｆｅ，Ａｌ或Ｎｉ，Ｃｕ，Ｐｂ吸收积累的特殊性     

微量元素对高速电镀锌－镍合金的影响

研究了微量元素Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｒ对高速电镀ｚｎ－Ｎｉ合金的影响并探讨了其作用机理。Ｃｕ２＋在Ｚｎ－Ｎｉ镀液中容易析出，但它是一种有害元素；Ｆｅ２＋、Ｃｒ３＋则难于析出，镀层中含适量的Ｆｅ、Ｃｒ可提高Ｚｎ－Ｎｉ镀层耐蚀性。同时还探讨了微量元素电沉积机理，提出了微量元素从Ｚｎ－Ｎｉ镀液中电沉积进入镀层的定量判定方法。     

微量元素对高速电镀锌—镍合金的影响

研究了微量元素Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ，Ｃｒ对高速电镀Ｚｎ－Ｎｉ合金的影响并探讨了其作用机理。Ｃｕ＾２＋在Ｚｎ－Ｎｉ镀液中容易析出，但它是一种有害元素，Ｆｅ＾２＋，Ｃｒ＾３＋则难于析出，镀层中含适量的Ｆｅ，Ｃｒ可提高Ｚｎ－Ｎｉ镀层耐蚀性。同时还探讨了微量元素电沉积机理，提出了微量元素从Ｚｎ－Ｎｉ镀液中电沉积进入镀层的定量判定方法。     

N,N'-双(2-氨基苯甲酰基)-1,3-丙二胺的合成及其配合物稳定常数

首次合成一种链式苯并酰胺配体Ｎ，Ｎ＇－双（２－氨基苯甲酰基）－１，３－丙二胺．用元素分析，红外，紫外－可见光，核磁共振等对配体进行表征和确证．用ｐＨ－电位法测定了配体的加质子常数βＨ１及其４种过渡金属离子所形成的去质子ＭＨ－２Ｌ型配合物的稳定常数Ｋ．结果，βＨ１＝２．４２×１０２，βＨ２＝４．１５×１０３；ｌｏｇＫ分别为：－９．８３（Ｃｕ２＋）；－１３．７６（Ｎｉ２＋）；－１４．１３（Ｃｏ２＋）；－１２．１２（Ｚｎ２＋）．配位情况类似于低肽的配合物，且形成１∶１的中性分子，稳定性顺序Ｃｏ２＋＜Ｎｉ２＋＜Ｃｕ２＋＞Ｚｎ２＋，和Ｌｒｖｉｎｇ－Ｗｉｌｉａｍｓ顺序一致．     

Pb（Ⅱ）、Zn（Ⅱ）与5－Br－PADAP络合平衡的研究

本文研究了Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）－５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ及Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）－５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ络合反应体系的吸收光谱，用基于Ｒｏｓｅｎｂｒｏｃｋ算法的最优化程序处理了光度测量数据，发现Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）与５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ形成１：１络合物，稳定常数ｌｇβ＿１＝１１．２１，摩尔吸光系数ε＿１＝６．２×１０￣４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）·ｃｍ￣（－１）；Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）在ｃ＿Ｌ＞ｃ＿Ｍ的条件下主要形成１：２络合物，ｌｇβ＿２＝２２．３６，ε＿２＝１．２８×１０￣５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）·ｃｍ￣（－１）。     

MgTiO_3: Cr~(3+)晶体中占位的研究

本文用完全对角化方法研究了３ｄ３组态在ＭｇＴｉＯ３：Ｃｒ３＋晶体中的零场分裂参量Ｄ．结果表明：Ｃｒ３＋（１）占位可以解释为Ｃｒ３＋Ｍｇ－Ｔｉ４＋Ｔｉ，同时Ｃｒ３＋沿着Ｃ３轴远离向八面体中心移动０．０５±０．０１；Ｃｒ３＋（２）占位为Ｃｒ３＋Ｍｇ－Ｍｇ２＋Ｔｉ，Ｃｒ３＋向八面体中心移动０．０９±０．０１，这与前人用微扰公式得到的结果一致．本文同时还指出Ｃｒ３＋（１）占位的另一种解释，即Ｍｇ２＋Ｍｇ－Ｃｒ３＋Ｔｉ，向八面体中心移动０．０７５±０．０１     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with